济南建邦黄河大桥主桥设计

济南建邦黄河大桥主桥采用主跨2×300 m三塔预应力混凝土梁斜拉桥。中塔处为塔梁墩固结,边塔塔柱通过箱梁时,箱梁形成开口截面,从而主塔与塔墩固结,形成中塔固结,边塔半漂浮的体系;主梁采用单箱四室斜腹板截面,桥宽30.5m,标准索距梁段均设有横梁及横向加劲肋板;中塔柱为纵向人字型结构,边塔柱采用独柱式结构;斜拉索采用镀锌平行钢丝拉索;基础采用钻孔灌注桩基础。大桥在桥式布置、主梁、主塔构造设计等方面具有一定的技术突破与创新。     

斜拉桥主塔施工索道管定位技术

在斜拉桥主塔施工中,索道管准确、方便、快速定位是现场施工技术难点之一。详细叙述了在赤道几内亚Mbini大桥主塔上塔柱施工期间,采用独特方法对主塔索道管精确定位的过程。     

矮塔斜拉桥塔梁墩固结区结构仿真分析

文章以一座在建矮塔斜拉桥为依托工程,采用大型通用有限元软件ANSYS建立实体有限元模型,对塔梁墩固结区进行结构仿真分析,得到其内部应力分布规律,评价结构的构造和配筋设计,并提出优化建议。     

海黄大桥大体积混凝土温度控制

青海牙同高速公路海黄大桥大体积混凝土施工有主塔承台、塔座、第一节塔柱实心段。文中对主塔承台施工控制做了重点描述,而对塔座及第一节塔柱实心段只做了简单叙述。主塔承台42m×25.5m×6m(长×宽×高),20号主塔承台采用钢板桩围堰施工,21号主塔承台采用双壁钢吊箱围堰施工。混凝土数量均为6426m~3,为大体积混凝土。为保证混凝土浇筑质量,避免温度产生的有害裂缝等不利影响,采取了优化配合比设计减少水化热、分层浇筑、冷却水循环降温、覆盖保温等有效措施,达到了预期效果。     

高塔型矮塔斜拉桥总体设计研究

以某市桥梁工程为例,了解项目概况,探讨桥梁方案与总体布置情况,该桥为（108+180+108）m双塔单索面混凝土矮塔斜拉桥,主桥为塔梁固结的结构体系,墩梁采用支座连接;项目位于城市周边开发区,考虑城市景观需要,采用高塔型矮塔斜拉桥,其兼具斜拉桥的美观性和矮塔斜拉桥的经济性及施工便利性;索塔塔冠为尖型拱顶造型的建筑风格,塔身也配以景观雕刻;斜拉索采用扇形单索面布置,通航孔上方主梁跨中段采用等截面设计。分析主桥设计,提出该桥施工方案,以供参考。     

自锚式悬索桥主塔设计及空间受力性能分析

长沙市三汊矶湘江大桥,为跨径组合(70 132 328 132 70)m的钢箱主梁自锚式悬索桥,主塔采用钢筋混凝土钻石型结构。文章介绍了该桥主塔的设计思路和构造特点,并利用有限元软件,分析构件尺寸、横梁设置、纵向阻尼装置等因素对主塔受力性能及空间稳定性的影响。     

矮塔部分斜拉桥预应力主梁施工

山东惠青黄河大桥是一座主桥为133＋220＋133（m）,塔梁墩固结的双塔、单索面矮塔部分斜拉桥。本文以该桥为背景,对矮塔部分斜拉桥预应力主梁施工技术进行了介绍。     

预应力混凝土斜拉桥主塔施工技术

文章结合工程实例,介绍了双索面PC斜拉桥主塔施工技术。通过主塔施工实践证明,采用真空辅助压浆工艺可解决预应力普通压浆不饱满的难题,并能通过有效的降温措施保证大体积混凝土施工质量。     

永鑫大桥墩梁塔固结部位应力分析

文章以永鑫大桥为研究对象,采用子模型计算方法对永鑫大桥墩梁塔固结部位进行有限元计算,分析了该部位的局部应力及横、竖向预应力设置对该区域的影响,其计算结果可为同类矮塔斜拉桥设计提供参考。     

针鱼岭大桥拱门式主塔施工技术

斜拉桥由索塔、主梁、斜拉索组成,其主塔施工是斜拉桥施工的重点和重要控制分项。文章介绍了拱门式主塔施工技术在针鱼岭大桥工程中的应用,分析了拱门式主塔设计的特点及技术优势,评述该技术可保证斜拉桥拱门式主塔施工的结构安全及施工速度。     

Survey of R&D in PRT systems

A survey of research and development in advanced transit has been made by Chalmers University of Technology in Gothenburg in cooperation with Trans21 in Boston. Summary findings are reported for fourteen academic research programs and ten development programs for PRT. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the International Conference of PRT and other Emerging Systems held in Minneapolis in 1996.     

管道风险分析指数评分法中分值调整初探

管道风险分析指数评分法中重要步骤之一就是确定影响管道事故因素的权重,各个管道风险因素在整个管道事故中所占的权重是不相同的。针对目前管道风险分析指数评分法基本假设之一（各因素的分值范围都是0～100分）,为了更加客观、准确、合理地反映各个风险因素对于管道事故的影响程度,提出并论述了依据层次分析法的数学逻辑性进行综合计算得出管道风险因素的权重,然后对评分法中各个因素的最高分值,根据其权重不同进行相应调整,从而增强评价者对风险因素的认识和评判能力,提高管道风险评价结果的准确性。     

A century of evolution of the accessibility concept

The concept of accessibility has acquired numerous meanings along multiple dimensions during the century of its evolution. This essay argues for the salience of two dimensions: application-based and definition-based. In its application, accessibility has incorporated positive and normative dimensions which have varied in prominence over time. In its definition, accessibility has varied between a mode of evaluation incorporating measured mobility and proximity, on the one hand, and a predefined market basket of urbanist improvements to transportation and land use systems, on the other. Advocates of the accessibility shift should emphasize both the measured approach to accessibility and accessibility’s normative side.     

Real-world gaseous and particle emissions of a Bi-fuel gasoline/CNG Euro 6 passenger car

The objective of the present study is the assessment of the environmental impact of a bivalent (bi-fuel) vehicle, running either on gasoline or compressed natural gas (CNG). To that aim, a Euro 6 passenger car was tested under various real-world driving conditions. In order to cover the full range of conventional powertrains currently in the market, the tests were also repeated on a Euro 6 diesel passenger car. Both cars were driven in two routes, the first complying with the regulation limits and the second going beyond them. Carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO_x) and particle number (PN) emissions were recorded using a Portable Emissions Measurement System (PEMS). Apart from the aggregated emission levels, in g/km, the exact emission location along the route was also assessed. Natural gas proved beneficial for CO and PN emissions, the level of which always remained below the respective legislation limits. On the other hand, under the dynamic driving conditions with gasoline, the relevant limits were exceeded. Cold start, occurring at the beginning of the urban part, and motorway driving were identified as major contributors to total emissions, especially in gasoline mode. However, the application of natural gas was associated with a penalty in NO_x emissions, which were significantly increased as compared to gasoline. Local peaks within the urban part were identified in CNG mode. In any case, the diesel vehicle was by far the highest NO_x emitter.     

Seaport performance analysis using robust non-parametric efficiency estimators

Abstract

Seaport services have been developing year on year, playing an increasingly important role in the economy and the transportation markets of each country. This increases interest in measuring their performance. This paper evaluates the performance of a set of European seaports by means of robust non-parametric approaches. Using order-m and bootstrap procedures, the major problems of traditional data envelopment analysis and free disposal hull methods – concerning noise, presence of outliers and the ‘curse of dimensionality’ – are overcome. With this study considerable levels of inefficiency were found in the European seaports sector.     

Bicycle parking: a systematic review of scientific literature on parking behaviour,parking preferences,and their influence on cycling and travel behaviour

ABSTRACT

Cycling is experiencing a revival in many cities. Research has focused on the determinants of cycling – in particular the role of the built environment and road infrastructure. Bicycle parking has received little attention – even though bicycles are parked most of the time. This article reviews the scientific literature on bicycle parking and identifies existing gaps in research and knowledge. The review analyses 94 peer-reviewed papers identified through a search in Scopus and Web of Science, in December 2017. The annual number of papers increased 15-fold between 1995 and 2017. Overall, the level of evidence on the importance of bicycle parking is limited. The majority of studies are based on cross-sectional data with the presence of parking as a binary independent variable. Most studies focus on bicycle parking at public transport stops and at work places. Few studies report on bicycle parking throughout cities, and hardly any on parking at residential locations. Bicycle parking supply and quality appears to be a determinant of cycling for current and potential cyclists. Our findings can serve as input for an evidence-based debate on the role of bicycle parking. For practitioners, our research supports investment in bicycle parking, but acknowledges that a proper evaluation of such initiatives needs to be conducted to increase the level of evidence.     

Multilevel analysis of daily time use and time allocation to activity types accounting for complex covariance structures using correlated random effects

In this paper multilevel analysis is used to study individual choices of time allocation to maintenance, subsistence, leisure, and travel time exploiting the nested data hierarchy of households, persons, and occasions of measurement. The multilevel models in this paper examine the joint and multivariate correlation structure of four dependent variables in a cross-sectional and longitudinal way. In this way, observed and unobserved heterogeneity are estimated using random effects at the household, person, and temporal levels. In addition, random coefficients associated with explanatory variables are also estimated and correlated with these random effects. Using the wide spectrum of options offered by multilevel models to account for individual and group heterogeneity, complex interdependencies among individuals within their households, within themselves over time, and within themselves but across different indicators of behavior, are analyzed. Findings in this analysis include large variance contribution by each level considered, clear evidence of non-linear dynamic behavior in time-allocation, different trajectories of change in time allocation for each of the four dependent variables used, and lack of symmetry in change over time characterized by different trajectories in the longitudinal evolution of each dependent variable. In addition, the multivariate correlation structure among the four dependent variables is different at each of the three levels of analysis.     

从"神经末梢"到"国际枢纽"——十六大以来广西交通发展综述

文章总结了党的十六大以来广西交通发展取得的成绩,指出广西交通正在从"神经末梢"发展为"国际枢纽",为广西经济社会发展提供了重要支撑。     

Increasing urban tram system efficiency,with battery storage and electric vehicle charging

This paper examines the possible placement of Energy Storage Systems (ESS) on an urban tram system for the purpose of exploring potential increases in operating efficiency through the examination of different locations for battery energy storage. Further, the paper suggests the utilisation of Electric Vehicle (EV) batteries at existing Park and Ride (P&R) sites as a means of achieving additional energy storage at these locations. The study achieves this through MATLAB modelling utilising captured GPS data and publically available information. This study examines the scenario of uni-directional substations with no interconnection between the overhead catenary for both directions of travel, and discusses the trade-offs between ESS size and required current limits.The results show the savings in both energy and basic CO₂ emissions alongside the discussion of Return on Investment (RoI) that can be achieved through the potential installation of ESS at identified ideal locations along the tram network. Moreover, this may be extended to the use of EVs as stationary ESS sited at the existing P&R facilities. Further, the model may also be used to inform future infrastructure upgrades and potential improvements to air quality within urban environments.