交通噪声声屏障研究进展综述

为解决交通噪声污染问题,对交通噪声的公害特性和声学特性进行研究,分析交通噪声防治的关键点,提出应用声屏障解决交通噪声问题,并展望声屏障未来发展趋势。     

城市桥梁声屏障设计及交通噪声控制研究

城市桥梁交通噪声污染随着城市道路的发展和车辆增多日益严重,引起了人们的普遍关注。文章以北大桥声屏障设计为研究对象,结合北大桥交通噪声污染调查分析,阐述了声屏障高度、声屏障结构形式等声屏障设计治理方案,并从规划阶段、运营阶段等方面探讨了城市桥梁交通噪声的控制对策。     

福宁高速公路声环境探讨

通过对福建省福鼎宁德段高速公路声环境现状的调查研究,采用类比分析的方法,确定其沿线所要保护的声环境敏感点,合理科学预测交通噪声对声环境的影响,提出减轻噪声污染的若干措施。     

高速公路营运期交通噪声污染与防治措施

公路建设的发展，促进了国民生产总值的增长和社会的进步，同时也加剧了公路交通噪声污染的程度，控制、治理公路交通噪声，改善公路沿线的声环境质量是至关重要的。对高速公路营运期的噪声污染治理措施和控制对策，进行了分析研究。     

深圳市交通噪声污染防治综合措施研究

根据目前深圳市采取交通噪声污染防治措施,结合深圳的实际情况,文章提出交通噪声污染防治的建议。深圳市要长效治理交通噪声污染问题,必须采取组合的方式进行综合治理,必须明确交通噪音问题涉及的各职能单位的责任分工,使交通噪声源、传声途径和噪音敏感建筑物都得到分层次控制。对噪音的历史遗留问题应通过交通管理手段和工程手段相结合的方式进行综合治理,对于新建设项目应植入降低噪音的理念,采取一系列降噪措施的设计方法预防和缓解交通噪音。     

高速公路运营期声屏障降噪效果监测探讨

文章概述了高速公路交通噪声的特征、危害及主要防治措施,结合声屏障设计、建造、使用特点及现状,提出了定期开展高速公路运营期声屏障降噪效果监测工作的建议及监测方法,可为高速公路声屏障的管理提供参考依据。     

我国城市交通噪声控制技术进展

综述了我国城市交通噪声控制技术现状,着重分析了交通噪声预测建模、高层建筑噪声污染防治、轨道交通噪声控制、机场噪声控制、有源消声技术、新型声学材料等若干热点问题,展望了未来的发展前景.     

深圳市道路交通噪声污染现状及防治对策

文章在分析深圳市道路交通噪声污染现状的基础上,讨论了其污染成因,并提出控制与削减城市交通噪声污染的对策和建议,为有效改善城市道路交通噪声污染提供科学依据。     

城市快速路交通噪声预测模型研究

随着经济的快速发展,机动车保有量迅速增加,交通声环境问题也逐渐突出,为定量研究交通流与交通噪声的相互关系,本文以福州市为三环路例,采用实地调查的方式,获取该路段的大、中、小车型的车流量和车速以及交通噪声数据,基于国内外交通噪声的预测模型,对交通流数据与噪声进行综合分析处理,研究发现在小型车占主导的交通流中,中型车与大型车对交通噪声的影响较小,甚至出现负相关,为解决这一问题,采用等效车流量与等效车速的方法,将大、中车型的车流量与车速转化为小型车的车流量与车速,最终建立适用于快速路的交通噪声预测模型。     

城市文教区交通噪声监测与综合治理

城市文教区是集学习、工作和居住一体的特殊城市区域。本文结合城市道路交通噪声在空间的传播及分布规律,考虑测试点在声场中所处的位置及环境特点,对城市文教区的交通噪声进行监测。根据监测结果和监测结论,采用灰色理论对交通噪声进行预测分析,并提出城市文教区的降噪措施及综合治理对策。     

济青高速公路绿化带对交通噪声和铅污染的防护作用

公路绿化带可对交通噪声和汽车尾气带来的铅(Pb)污染产生一定防护作用,这对于减轻路域环境污染具有重要意义。采用原位调查和取样分析相结合的方法,研究了山东省济青高速公路路侧绿化带对交通噪声和铅污染的衰减效果。研究结果表明,高速公路绿化带对交通噪声有一定的减轻作用,但在不同的绿化模式下,衰减效果存在较大差异。济青高速公路两侧土壤存在一定程度的Pb污染,在不同绿化模式下,路侧绿化林带对公路Pb污染的防护作用也有较大差别,宽度过大的林带并不是防护Pb污染的理想措施。     

A traffic noise model for road intersections in the city of Cartagena de Indias,Colombia

Road traffic noise models are fundamental tools for designing and implementing appropriate prevention plans to minimize and control noise levels in urban areas. The objective of this study is to develop a traffic noise model to simulate the average equivalent sound pressure level at road intersections based on traffic flow and site characteristics, in the city of Cartagena de Indias (Cartagena), Colombia. Motorcycles are included as an additional vehicle category since they represent more than 30% of the total traffic flow and a distinctive source of noise that needs to be characterized. Noise measurements are collected using a sound level meter Type II. The data analysis leads to the development of noise maps and a general mathematical model for the city of Cartagena, Colombia, which correlates the sound levels as a function of vehicle flow within road intersections. The highest noise levels were 79.7 dB(A) for the road intersection María Auxiliadora during the week (business days) and 77.7 dB(A) for the road intersection India Catalina during weekends (non-business days). Although traffic and noise are naturally related, the intersections with higher vehicle flow did not have the highest noise levels. The roadway noise for these intersections in the city of Cartagena exceeds current limit standards. The roadway noise model is able to satisfactorily predict noise emissions for road intersections in the city of Cartagena, Colombia.     

轨道交通声屏障声学设计思路探讨

随着轨道交通建设的发展,交通噪声的污染越来越严重。声屏障作为一种降低交通噪声有效的方法,越来越受到人们的重视。声屏障设计是一个综合复杂的问题,需要考虑多项因素,包括声学特性、景观效果、结构安全、防火性能以及维护保养等,但最主要的还是声学设计。     

Induced road traffic in Spanish regions: A dynamic panel data model

Distinguishing between traffic generated exclusively from the expansion of the road network (induced demand) and that resulting from other demand factors is of crucial importance to properly designed transport policies. This paper analyzes and quantifies the induced demand for road transport for Spain’s main regions from 1998 to 2006, years that saw mobility in Spain attain its highest growth rate. The lack of research in this area involving Spain and the key role played by the sector, given its high level of energy consumption and the negative externalities associated with it (accidents, noise, traffic congestion, emissions, etc.), endow greater relevance to this type of research. Based on a Dynamic Panel Data (DPD) reduced-form model, we apply alternative approaches (fixed and random effects and GMM-based methods) for measuring the induced demand. The results obtained provide evidence for the existence of an induced demand for transport in Spain, though said results vary depending on the estimating method employed.     

Traffic noise and traffic light control

An optimal control problem of traffic light duration is considered. The traffic noise level is introduced as a state variable in a dynamical optimization problem. A closed loop control system is designed which influences the green duration of the lights according to the equivalent noise level. Real time considerations lead to sub-optimal control implementation. This control policy decreases the noise levels at intensive traffic intersections. The traffic lights adapt their duration according to the noise pollution. Simulation and experimental results are discussed.     

Study on road section environmental traffic capacity model and algorithm under double constraints

The coordinated development of city traffic and environment is a key research content in traffic field in twenty-first Century. Among them, road section environmental traffic capacity analysis is one of the important research issues. It can provide solid theoretical basis and reliable data support for road network traffic optimization control, road traffic pollution control and city traffic structure optimization. This paper analyzed main factors which impacted environmental traffic capacity from two aspects, including road capacity constraint conditions and road traffic pollution control constraint conditions. Then, road section environmental traffic capacity optimization model was established, and method of improved augmented Lagrange function was used to solve the model. Case study showed that, (1) The environmental traffic capacity optimal model and methodology were effective; (2) In order to ensure road section environmental traffic capacity greater than (or equal to) road capacity, some measures could be taken including adjusting motor vehicle type proportion as well as improving emission characteristics of motor vehicles exhausting pollutants.     

The cumulative effect of nuisances from road transportation in residential sectors on the Island of Montreal – Identification of the most exposed groups and areas

Air pollution and road traffic noise are considered to be the two most important nuisances that could negatively affect the quality of life. A prolonged exposure to high concentrations of these pollutants could conduct to various health problems. Studies in environmental equity have often considered these nuisances individually whenever it comes from the same source. The main objective of this paper is to determine if the 15 years of age, those aged 65 and over, visible minorities and low income individuals located in a portion of the Island of Montreal are overrepresented in city blocks characterized by having among the highest levels of transportation-related air pollutants (i.e., ambient concentrations of NO₂ and road traffic noise in decibels (dB(A)). The results show that low-income individuals and, to a lesser extent, visible minorities, are significantly overrepresented in city blocks characterized by the higher levels of NO₂ and road traffic noise in dB(A). Multinomial logistic regression analysis confirms these results, and also shows that young people under 15 years are under-represented in the most polluted areas. However, contrary to the previous bivariate results, people aged 65 and over are negatively and significantly associated with the likelihood of their living in a city block located in an advantaged area after controlling for the independent effects of the other explanatory variables. Moreover, visible minorities are significantly overrepresented in advantaged areas. Considering the observed results, some solutions are identified to reduce road traffic noise and air pollution in the city blocks localized near major traffic arteries.     

Urban road traffic noise spatiotemporal distribution mapping using multisource data

Many residents are disturbed by road traffic noise which needs to be controlled and managed. The noise map is a helpful and important tool for noise management and acoustical planning in urban areas. However, the static noise map is not sufficient for evaluating noise annoyance at different temporal periods. It is necessary to develop the dynamic noise map or the noise spatiotemporal distribution. In this study, a method about urban road traffic noise spatiotemporal distribution mapping is proposed to obtain the representative road traffic noise maps of different periods. This method relies on the proposed noise spatiotemporal distribution model with two time-dependent variables - traffic density and traffic speed, and the spatiotemporal characteristics derived from multisource data. There are three steps in the method. First, the urban road traffic noise spatiotemporal distribution model is derived from the law of sound propagation. Then, the temporal characteristics are extracted from traffic flow detecting data and E-map road segment speed data by the outlier detection analysis. Finally, the noise distributions corresponding to different periods are calculated by an efficient algorithm which can save 90% above of the computing time. Moreover, a validation experiment was conducted to evaluate the accuracy of the proposed method. There is only 2.26-dB[A] mean absolute error that is within an acceptable range, which shows that the method is effective.