进一步强化政策支持 促进新能源汽车产业高质量发展

<正>来自国务院政策例行吹风会消息,近日,国务院常务会议研究了促进新能源汽车产业高质量发展的政策措施。例行吹风会介绍了促进新能源汽车产业高质量发展有关情况。四项措施应对新能源汽车市场化发展问题面对新能源汽车市场化发展不均衡不充分问题,如何应对？例行吹风会介绍,采取四项措施,进一步强化政策支持。一是提升产品供给质量。支持开展高安全全气候动力电池、热泵空调、整车热管理等技术攻关,提升动力电池热失控技术标准,以进一步增强新能源汽车低温适用性和安全性,满足高寒地区消费者需求。二是加大重点领域推广。组织开展公共领域车辆全面电动化先行区试点,编制实施重卡电动化工作方案,加快提升城市公交、物流、     

打造新能源汽车核心优势

新能源汽车市场成为中国商用车尤其是客车业争食的又一大市场。2010年国家对新能源产业扶植力度加大，在《节能与新能源汽车产业发展规划》征求意见稿中明确了我国在新能源汽车产业发展的目标：到2015年，新能源汽车初步实现产业化：     

大咖说:打赢新能源汽车升级战

正随着越来越多国家跑步进入“新能源时代”,尤其是当挪威和荷兰相继表示将从2025年停止销售燃油汽车,新能源汽车完全替代传统燃油汽车的时间表正在快速提前。2015年被称为中国电动汽车市场的元年,在国家多种政策叠加效应作用下,国内电动汽车市场呈现爆发式增长,而随着国家政策激励制度的逐步退坡,行业普遍意识到,各项技术滞后问题终将成为制约我国新能源汽车产业发展的最大障碍。如何打赢新能源汽车升级战,推动形成有利于新能源汽车发展的产业生态,实现我国新能源汽车产业从政策驱动到市场自主驱动的实质     

动力电池回收再利用相关问题研究

正在国家政策的引导和推动下,我国新能源汽车产业发展迅猛。工信部数据显示,2009-2016年上半年累计生产新能源汽车67.4万辆。国务院发布的《节能与新能源汽车产业发展规划(2012-2020年)》,到2020年,纯电动汽车和插电式混合动力汽车累计产销量超过500万辆。中国汽车技术研究中心预测,到2020年前后,我国纯电动(含插电式)乘用车和混合动力乘用车动力电池累计报废量将达到12-17万吨。车用动力电池的报废渐成规模,如何处置退役动力电池将是影响新能源汽车发展的重大课题。     

交通运输行业新能源汽车推广应用现状研究

近年来,在国家新能源汽车产业的战略引导下,我国新能源汽车产业加速发展,新能源汽车技术也得到了不断提高。本文对目前新能源道路运输车辆在交通运输行业中应用面临的问题进行了深入剖析,并从战略规划、车辆选型、车辆管理等方面,对完善交通运输行业新能源汽车应用的环境提出了意见和建议,为进一步保障新能源汽车安全运行、科学发展提供了有力支持。     

宇通纯电动客车推广数量第一

<正>2014年可谓是我国新能源汽车行业突破式发展的一年,据工信部官网数据显示,2014年新能源汽车累计生产8.39万辆,其中,纯电动商用车生产1.57万辆,同比增长近4倍,插电式混合动力商用车生产1.38万辆,同比增长2倍。在如此高增长的数据中,宇通客车以7408辆的新能源客车推广数量和1487辆纯电动客车推广数量,成为国内2014年度新     

图解 新能源汽车的“成长之路”

<正>从国家战略高度思考,在化石能源紧缺,环境污染愈加严重的今天,发展新能源汽车已成为降低化石能源消耗、减少环境污染的有效举措,各国政府扶持新能源汽车产业发展的意图十分明显。而中国面临着严重的环境污染问题、原油对外依赖度居高不下、汽车产业发展也落后于发达国家,发展新能源汽车是中国国家战略的必然选择。让我们一起来看看新能源汽车的成长之路究竟如何。     

后补贴时代来临 新能源公交车如何应对?

<正>中国作为世界上第二大汽车消费市场,其发展速度之快,令世人瞩目。中国政府高度重视节能、环保汽车产业的可持续发展,并将此作为我国《汽车产业发展政策》中明确支持的重要方向。根据出台的《节能和新能源汽车产业发展规划》提出的发展目标是,到2020年,新能源汽车产     

《新能源汽车政策工具包解析》课题发布 新能源汽车“政能量”依赖待解

正新能源汽车的政策红利为整个2015年的汽车市场带来了不小的助推。然而,当各地密集出台的新能源汽车扶持补贴政策日渐成为推动新能源汽车产业发展的主要动力,依靠补贴驱动的市场却难成长久之计。1月7日,中国电动汽车百人会召开《新能源汽车政策工具包解析》课题发布暨研讨会,选取中国、美国、欧洲和日本四个典型新能源汽车推广力度较大国家,组建当地专家形成研究团队,通过分析、解读其市场推广政策和激励工具评估,达到"取长补长"、消除政策误区的目的,为正处于加速期的我国新能源汽车产业提供参考依据。     

中国新能源汽车发展历程

<正>我国新能源汽车产业发展模式基本上是"政府+市场"型,即政府积极参与和支持新能源汽车的研发和市场推广,带动新能源汽车生产企业自主研发,努力达到批量生产并成功推向市场的模式。新能源汽车代表世界汽车产业的发展方向,加快推进新能源汽车产业化,不仅有利于技术进步和节能减排,还能促进我国汽车产业的可持续发展。我国新能源汽车产业发展模式基本     

电动汽车充电桩安全管理研究

随着国家对环境保护和能源节约的重视以及新能源政策的实施,电动汽车行业迎来了快速发展。充电基础设施的建设,是加快电动汽车推广的重要需要。电动汽车充电基础设施建设和运营业务发展的机会也极大,随之而来的安全管理工作要求也越来越高。本文依据充电桩建设和运营的特点,剖析其中面临的安全风险,并提出加强安全管理工作的措施,为充电桩企业安全管理运营提供参考和借鉴。     

New energy vehicle in China for sustainable development: Analysis of success factors and strategic implications

The purpose of this study is to understand the effects of the influential factors that affect the sustainable development of new energy vehicle in China, investigate the cause-effect relationships among them, and propose some appropriate policies and efficacious measures for the policy-makers to promote its sustainable development. Interpretative Structuring Modeling was used to identify the critical factors affecting the sustainability of China’s new energy vehicle industry and to find the potential relationships among the factors; subsequently, fuzzy Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory was employed to investigate the cause-effect relationships among the influential factors and to prioritize these factors. The results reveal that technological maturity, technological standards for new energy vehicles, and funds on R&D of new energy vehicles are the three most important driving factors for promoting the sustainable development of new energy vehicle industry of China. Some implications were also proposed for China’s authority. The success factors and strategic implications of new energy vehicles in China were investigated in a multi-criteria analysis approach.     

Fuel price elasticities in the U.S. combination trucking sector

This paper estimates fuel price elasticities of combination trucking operations in the United States between 1970 and 2012. We evaluate trucking operations in terms of vehicle miles traveled and fuel consumption for combination trucks. Our explanatory variables include measures of economic activity, energy prices, and indicator variables that account for important regulatory shifts and changes in data collection and reporting in national transportation datasets. Our results suggest that fuel price elasticities in the United States’ trucking sector have shifted from an elastic environment in the 1970s to a relatively inelastic environment today. We discuss the importance of these results for policymakers in light of new policies that aim to limit energy consumption and reduce greenhouse gas emissions from heavy-duty vehicles.     

新能源及智能网联汽车的发展

文章简要介绍了汽车业改革及由此带来的发展趋势,阐述了节能减排及环保的重要性,分析了汽车能源革命的必然性。本文通过对新能源汽车和智能网联汽车的现状和未来发展趋势进行分析,得出了在汽车行业的发展中可以为人们的生活提供一些高质量的服务的结论。此外,也对我国新能源汽车和智能网联汽车的发展提出了相关的改进建议。     

我国新能源汽车发展现状及战略研究

文章针对国内外新能源汽车的发展现状,提出了适合我国现阶段的节能汽车与新能源汽车并重的双重发展战略,并阐述了该战略的实施步骤及预期目标。     

Agent-based modelling for assessing hybrid and electric cars deployment policies in Luxembourg and Lorraine

Electric mobility is often presented as a way to tackle the environmental issues associated with individual mobility, provided that electric vehicles are adopted by drivers on a mass scale. In this paper, we propose an agent-based model (ABM) aiming at modelling the deployment of these vehicles. ABM is particularly indicated when modelling complex systems whose final results are the combination of the interactions between individuals and their environment and when the agents have partial information to take their decisions. We selected Luxembourg and its French neighbouring region, Lorraine, as the case study for our model, to test Luxembourg’s ambitious objective of deploying 40,000 electric vehicles by the year 2020. Model results show that the number of battery powered electric vehicles in Luxembourg (including vehicles from Lorraine’s commuters crossing the border every day) could be between 2000 and 21,000. A high number of commercial vehicles in Luxembourg, as well as an unlikely deployment in the neighbouring Belgium and Germany would therefore be required to meet the deployment objective. However, the deployment of plug-in hybrid vehicles could reach 60,000 cars by the end of 2020. To achieve this number, the deployment of charging points seems to be the more effective policy, along with actions aiming at increasing public awareness and acceptance of electric vehicles. The interest in using the ABM also lies in the identification of the main individuals’ characteristics affecting the deployment of electric vehicles (household size, commuting distances, etc.), which further support the setting of public policies.     

Life cycle emissions and cost model for urban light duty vehicles

The growth of vehicle sales and use internationally requires the consumption of significant quantities of energy and materials, and contributes to the deterioration of air-quality and climate conditions. Advanced propulsion systems and electric drive vehicles have substantially different characteristics and impacts. They require life cycle assessments and detailed comparisons with gasoline powered vehicles which, in turn, should lead to critical updates of traditional models and assumptions. For a comprehensive comparison of advanced and traditional light duty vehicles, a model is developed that integrates external costs, including emissions and time losses, with societal and consumer life cycle costs. Life cycle emissions and time losses are converted into costs for seven urban light duty vehicles. The results, which are based on vehicle technology characteristics and transportation impacts on environment, facilitate vehicle comparisons and support policy making in transportation. Substantially, more sustainable urban transportation can be achieved in the short-term by promoting policies that increase vehicle occupancy; in the intermediate-term by increasing the share of hybrid vehicles in the car market and in the long-term by the widespread use of electric vehicles. A sensitivity-analysis of life cost results revealed that vehicle costs change significantly for different geographical areas depending on vehicle taxation, pricing of gasoline, electric power and pollution. Current practices in carbon and air quality pricing favor oil and coal based technologies. However, increasing the cost of electricity from coal and other fossil fuels would increase the variable cost for electric vehicles, and tend to favor the variable cost of hybrid vehicles.     

Siting charging stations for electric vehicle adoption in shared autonomous fleets

The transportation sector is undergoing three revolutions: shared mobility, autonomous driving, and electrification. When planning the charging infrastructure for electric vehicles, it is critical to consider the potential interactions and synergies among these three emerging systems. This study proposes a framework to optimize charging infrastructure development for increasing electric vehicle (EV) adoption in systems with different levels of autonomous vehicle adoption and ride sharing participation. The proposed model also accounts for the pre-existing charging infrastructure, vehicle queuing at the charging stations, and the trade-offs between building new charging stations and expanding existing ones with more charging ports.Using New York City (NYC) taxis as a case study, we evaluated the optimum charging station configurations for three EV adoption pathways. The pathways include EV adoption in a 1) traditional fleet (non-autonomous vehicles without ride sharing), 2) future fleet (fully autonomous vehicles with ride sharing), and 3) switch-over from traditional to future fleet. Our results show that, EV adoption in a traditional fleet requires charging infrastructure with fewer stations that each has more charging ports, compared to the future fleet which benefits from having more scattered charging stations. Charging will only reduce the service level by 2% for a future fleet with 100% EV adoption. EV adoption can reduce CO₂ emissions of NYC taxis by up to 861 Tones/day for the future fleet and 1100 Tones/day for the traditional fleet.     

Influence of connected and autonomous vehicles on traffic flow stability and throughput

The introduction of connected and autonomous vehicles will bring changes to the highway driving environment. Connected vehicle technology provides real-time information about the surrounding traffic condition and the traffic management center’s decisions. Such information is expected to improve drivers’ efficiency, response, and comfort while enhancing safety and mobility. Connected vehicle technology can also further increase efficiency and reliability of autonomous vehicles, though these vehicles could be operated solely with their on-board sensors, without communication. While several studies have examined the possible effects of connected and autonomous vehicles on the driving environment, most of the modeling approaches in the literature do not distinguish between connectivity and automation, leaving many questions unanswered regarding the implications of different contemplated deployment scenarios. There is need for a comprehensive acceleration framework that distinguishes between these two technologies while modeling the new connected environment. This study presents a framework that utilizes different models with technology-appropriate assumptions to simulate different vehicle types with distinct communication capabilities. The stability analysis of the resulting traffic stream behavior using this framework is presented for different market penetration rates of connected and autonomous vehicles. The analysis reveals that connected and autonomous vehicles can improve string stability. Moreover, automation is found to be more effective in preventing shockwave formation and propagation under the model’s assumptions. In addition to stability, the effects of these technologies on throughput are explored, suggesting substantial potential throughput increases under certain penetration scenarios.