瑞雷波技术处理土石混填路基强夯施工

土石混填路基在进行强夯施工的过程中,利用多道瞬态瑞雷波勘探技术对1 000kN.m、1 600kN.m、2 000 kN.m夯击能单点夯的有效加固深度、有效影响范围、最佳夯击次数等参数进行了定量测试。     

低液限粉土路基压实工艺的探讨

通过对低液限粉土施工工艺控制过程的实践,总结了低液限粉土的工程特性,提出了低液限粉土作为路基填料施工技术的主要控制要点。     

低液限粉土路基压实工艺的探讨

通过对低液限粉土施工工艺控制过程的实践,总结了低液限粉土的工程特性,提出了低液限粉土作为路基填料施工技术的主要控制要点。     

HPRA高黏高弹胶粉复合改性沥青在绿色公路建设中的应用

目前,我国的高速公路普遍使用传统沥青混凝土、排水式沥青磨耗层混合料以及沥青玛蹄脂碎石铺筑沥青层面,其通病是抗滑性能衰减快、路面平整度难以持久、路面开裂几率大、车道车辙印记明显以及极易受到雨水侵蚀.而HPRA高黏高弹胶粉复合改性沥青及其混合料配比技术不但可以很好地规避掉这些问题,还能够推进绿色低碳环保,从而践行绿色公路的建设与应用.本文将从HPRA高黏高弹胶粉复合改性沥青的特点出发,分析其施工方式、施工特点等特性,并对比出HPRA高黏高弹胶粉复合改性沥青的优点,从而提高其在绿色公路建设中的具体应用.     

山区高速公路桥隧连接段直立高陡边坡防护

本文主要高以山区高速公路桥隧连接段直立高陡边坡防护施工技术方案的论证及比选,桥隧连接段的位置大多都所处地形地貌与地质状况相对比较薄弱环节,位于这种地形位置的边坡防护要求较高,且要满足该类型边坡防护的效果。根据工程实际因素,需要进一步加强和深化高陡坡隧道洞口与桥梁相接位置的安全防护勘察工作,经现场勘察及几种防护方案的必选与论证,试图从山区高速公路桥隧连接段直立高陡边坡防护方案优化设计的角度降低防护施工难度及成本。鉴于桥隧连接段及隧道洞口现状直立高陡边坡整体基本处于稳定状态,加接延长隧道洞口明洞工程,并采用SNS主洞防护网与被动防护网相结合的防护方案合理可行,该防护方案的施工工艺简单,易操作,施工成本与施工安全风险低。     

公路工程特殊路基填筑施工技术

某工程存在填挖交界、高液限土以及软土等特殊路基情况,必须针对其特点采取有效的施工技术措施。鉴于此,分别从土工格栅施工、软土路基换填施工、砂砾垫层施工等方面阐述了公路工程特殊路基处理和填筑施工技术。以保证公路工程的施工质量。     

高速公路陡坡高填路堤病害原因及处治探讨

文章结合岑溪至梧州高速公路K46+790～K46+940段陡坡高填路堤工程的病害情况,分析了陡坡高填路堤病害产生的原因,提出了相应的处治方案,并对方案的实施要点及效果进行了阐述。     

公路隧洞变性高聚物混凝土路面施工技术研究

变性高聚物混凝土路面具有黏性和稳定强的功效特点,以某高速公路的隧洞混凝土路面为工程依托,从施工准备、铺摊、养生等方面,阐述了高聚物混凝土公路隧洞路面进行混凝土路面施工工艺,并通过试验段路面质量检测,验证了该技术的工程适用性,对同类隧洞路面工程应用有技术参考价值.     

浅谈“两高土”掺灰改良路基填筑施工技术

为解决"两高土"利用的难题,文章以灌阳(永安关)至全州(凤凰)高速公路为研究对象,对利用高液限、高塑性指数黏土掺灰改良路基填筑施工技术进行了介绍,阐述了施工技术特点、适用范围、工艺流程及操作要点,并分析了"两高土"掺灰改良的经济、生态、环境效益。     

水泥路面改沥青路面施工技术

水泥路面改沥青路面是当前常见的路面改造工程之一。文章探讨了水泥路面改沥青路面的施工技术,从旧路面病害处理、沥青混凝土面层施工工艺以及沥青路面层施工质量控制、成品保护等方面详细阐述了处理要点。     

Space,money, life-stage,and the allocation of time

Demographic, socioeconomic, seasonal, and scheduling factors affect the allocation of time to various activities. This paper examines those variables through exploration of the 1990 Nationwide Personal Transportation Survey, which has been inverted to track activity duration. Two key issues are considered. First, how much can activity duration and frequency explain travel duration? The analysis shows activity duration has positive and significant effects on travel duration, supporting recent arguments in favor of activity based models. Second, which recent trend is the main culprit in the rise in travel: suburbanization, rising personal incomes, or female labor force participation? This paper examines the share of time within a 24-hour budget allocated to several primary activities: home, work, shop, and other. The data suggest that income and location have modest effects on time allocation compared with the loss of discretionary time due to working.

     

Automation of paratransit reservation,routing, and scheduling

Santa Clara County, California experienced a sharp growth in demand‐responsive paratransit ridership for individuals with disabilities, as a result of the passage of the 1990 Americans With Disabilities Act (ADA). This paper describes an automated paratransit system for the ADA‐type paratransit operation implemented in Santa Clara County. It automated paratransit reservation, scheduling, and routing functions. The key components of this system were a digital geographic database (DGD) and an automated trip scheduling system (ATSS). Empirical evidence after one year of operation indicates numerous benefits of this automation. There were significant reductions in the paratransit operating costs and an increase in the percent shared rides. The savings in operating costs far exceeded the annualized capital cost of automation. A user survey indicates that these improvements were achieved without degradation to service quality such as vehicle on‐time performance, invehicle travel times, vehicle response to open return, and ride comfort.     

Estimation of missing traffic counts using factor,genetic, neural,and regression techniques

Analyses from some of the highway agencies show that up to 50% permanent traffic counts (PTCs) have missing values. It will be difficult to eliminate such a significant portion of data from traffic analysis. Literature review indicates that the limited research uses factor or autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) models for predicting missing values. Factor-based models tend to be less accurate. ARIMA models only use the historical data. In this study, genetically designed neural network and regression models, factor models, and ARIMA models were developed. It was found that genetically designed regression models based on data from before and after the failure had the most accurate results. Average errors for refined models were lower than 1% and the 95th percentile errors were below 2% for counts with stable patterns. Even for counts with relatively unstable patterns, average errors were lower than 3% in most cases.     

Integrated scheduling of m-truck,m-drone,and m-depot constrained by time-window,drop-pickup,and m-visit using constraint programming

The idea of deploying unmanned aerial vehicles, also known as drones, for final-mile delivery in logistics operations has vitalized this new research stream. One conceivable scenario of using a drone in conjunction with a traditional delivery truck to distribute parcels is discussed in earlier literature and termed the parallel drone scheduling traveling salesman problem (PDSTSP). This study extends the problem by considering two different types of drone tasks: drop and pickup. After a drone completes a drop, the drone can either fly back to depot to deliver the next parcels or fly directly to another customer for pickup. Integrated scheduling of multiple depots hosting a fleet of trucks and a fleet of drones is further studied to achieve an operational excellence. A vehicle that travels near the boundary of the coverage area might be more effective to serve customers that belong to the neighboring depot. This problem is uniquely modeled as an unrelated parallel machine scheduling with sequence dependent setup, precedence-relationship, and reentrant, which gives us a framework to effectively consider those operational challenges. A constraint programming approach is proposed and tested with problem instances of m-truck, m-drone, m-depot, and hundred-customer distributed across an 8-mile square region.     

Activity sequencing,location, and formation of individual non-mandatory tours: application to the activity-based models for Columbus,Cincinnati, and Cleveland,OH

Most of the earlier activity based models (ABMs) largely relied on a tour-based modeling paradigm which explicitly predicts tour frequency and then adds details including stop frequency, order, and location of stops within each tour. The current study is part of new tour formation design framework for an ABM in which the underlying tour structure and the stop frequency within tours emerge from temporal, sequencing, and locational preferences of activities that the traveler intends to participate during the day. In order to do this, the study developed a modified rank-ordered logit (ROL) framework that is capable of modeling sequence, locations, as well as the underlying tour structure of all activity episodes simultaneously in an integrated manner. Model estimation with the household survey data, provided several important behavioral insights into underlying choices that drive tour formation. Specifically, the study uncovered pairwise ordering preferences among episodes of different activity purposes, clustering tendencies among episodes of same activity purpose, the impact of supply side activity opportunities on the location and sequence choice dimensions, and impedance effects (including distance and mode and time-of-day logsums) on location and tour break dimensions. The developed models are incorporated in the operational ABM structure adopted for three major cities (Columbus, Cleveland, and Cincinnati) in Ohio.     

A game model of international trade,transport costs,invasive species,and protocol compliance

We study the duopolistic interaction between two monopolists located in two different countries who sell an imperfect substitute good in two markets. The traded good is transported between the two nations on ships using solid wood packing materials (SWPMs) and hence the presence of one or more invasive species is a problem. We use a game model to analyze this interaction in three steps. First, we study the benchmark case of autarky or no trade between the two nations. Second, we introduce transport costs and then study the effect of free trade on the profits of the two monopolists. Finally, we suppose that invasive species are present in the SWPMs. This fact requires compliance with an environmental protocol. We model this compliance by increasing the transport costs associated with trade and then demonstrate that a version of the so called Porter hypothesis holds. In other words, we show that compliance with a cost increasing environmental protocol can give rise to higher profits for the two monopolists under consideration.