也谈雷雨天气下的签派放行

雷雨天气下运行航班,不但给航空安全带来隐患,而且极大地影响着航空空司的航班正点与经济效益。本文从签派放行的角度分析讨论了雷雨天气的形成机制、信息获取、信息加工、放行决策等方面,以期提高签派放行质量和运行效率。     

完善二次签派放行管理 提升民航运输经济效益

采用二次签派放行的方式,能够加强对不可预期燃油的合理利用,减少飞机的起飞燃油,增加飞机的业载,进而更好地提升民航的运输经济效益。因此,本文对民航的二次签派放行管理的经济价值、存在风险、影响因素、实际案例以及能力提升进行详细的分析。     

试论倒签提单的缔约过失责任

长期以来，法学界对于倒签提单行的法律责任属性众说纷纭，莫衷一是，概言之，有侵权责任说、违约责任说、竞合责任说以及变态责任说四种。笔者紧密结合倒签提单的行为特征，对上述四这说进行评述，提出倒签提单行为的法律责任属性应为缔约过失责任并进行了详细论述，以期能推支理论研究的深化，更好地服务地司法实践。     

倒签提单VS预借提单

1从案例看倒签提单和预借提单倒签提单系指承运人在货物装船后,应托运人的请求签发的,以早于货物实际装船日期为签发日期的提单。而预借提单系指承运人在接收货物以后,尚未装船或尚未装船完毕,应托运人的请求即时签发的提单。这两种提单由于有诸多共同之处,许多人往往将二者混为一谈,甚至有人认为预借提单必然是倒签提单。但事实上,这两种提单存在着显著的差别,值得引起有关人员的注意。     

论扣签提单

从扣签提单产生的原因入手分析了扣签提单的性质，认为它既不是留置权，也不是不安抗辩权或先履行抗辩权，而是一种侵权行为，并分析了对货主托运人和中间托运人赔偿的依据。     

关于实践中应用倒签提单的法律探讨

对倒签提单的性质、应用进行了详细的论述,对目前我国倒签提单的实践应用及法律现状做了仔细分析并提出了自己的观点。     

倒签提单侵权案中的因果关系

由于承运人倒签提单的行为,虽然提单签发的日期与货物实际装船的日期不符,却与信用证规定的货物装船日期相符,使得托运人获取了在提单签发日期如实记载时本不能获取的利益,而提单持有人支付了本可以不支付的货款,所以倒签提单与提单持有人不能避免损失之间具有因果关系。对倒签     

浅析预借、倒签提单的责任性质及赔偿范围

本文通过一个国际案例，分析了预借、倒签提单的责任性质和赔偿范围，判定其法律性质，需从责任性质、责任依据、责任后果和承担方式以及构成要件之不同，来区分违约责任还是侵权责任。从而认定承运人预借或倒签提单的行为是违约行为，而不是侵权行为，行为人应承担由此给收货人带来的一切损失。     

倒签提单侵权案中的因果关系

由于承运人倒签提单的行为,虽然提单签发的日期与货物实际装船的日期不符,却与信用证规定的货物装船日期相符,使得托运人获取了在提单签发日期如实记载时本不能获取的利益,而提单持有人支付了本可以不支付的货款,所以倒签提单与提单持有人不能避免损失之间具有因果关系。对倒签     

倒签保单担保函对海上货物运输险保险责任的影响

在倒签海上货物运输险保险单的情况下,保险合同一般不会因为倒签而无效,但倒签保单担保函作为保险合同的一部分会影响保险合同的成立生效时间并影响到保险合同责任期间。作为保险合同双方当事人对保险责任期间的特别约定,倒签保单担保函可以将担保日之前及当日已经发生的损失或已经产生的近因导致的损失排除在保险责任范围外,其与海上货物运输保险"仓至仓"条款并不矛盾。但无论如何,不能因倒签保单担保函而剥夺善意买受人的保险索赔权。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。