世界NCAP年会

2006年10月31日,在日本东京国联大学举行了第四届世界NCAP大会,参会代表来自世界各地的NCAP相关机构组织。会上各国代表就各自NCAP的进展情况进行了发言和探讨,并介绍了目前的活动状况以及今后的发展计划。其中中国、韩国和印度均为首次参加NCAP年会。     

欧洲NCAP与我国汽车

介绍了欧洲NCAP的评价体系和评分标准,列举了有关正碰和侧碰的试验数据,通过与欧洲NCAP评价体系的对比,初步分析我国汽车目前相对欧洲NCAP标准的星级水平,研究了国外汽车提高欧洲NCAP星级水平的方法,探讨了我国汽车提高星级水平的途径和可能性。     

NCAP及其在中国

当前,汽车的安全性,尤其是碰撞安全性能越来越受到人们的关注和重视,也因此车辆强制性碰撞的评价规范——NCAP体系已然成为汽车行业研究、开发的重点。文章从NCAP体系的诞生出发,详细介绍了NCAP的产生、发展和作用,以及各类NCAP的试验和评价规程差异。最后,文章详细介绍了C-NCAP,论述了C-NCAP在中国的发展现状,并指出其目前存在的问题和缺陷,为C-NCAP今后的良性健康发展提出参考性意见。     

未来全球各NCAP将如何变化——2014年世界NCAP大会深入报道

<正>2014年10月底,由中国汽车技术研究中心承办的世界NCAP大会首次在中国成功召开。全球共10个NCAP机构聚会在天津,分别介绍了各自的测试情况及未来发展动态,共同商讨世界各国NCAP发展融合,探讨NCAP共同面临的重大问题、寻求解决对策、规划未来发展等相关议题。作为C-NCAP的官方媒体,《世界汽车》全程参与了会议。世界各NCAP未来将如何发展?规则将如何变化?是很多人关心的问题,本文就此进行详细阐述,以飨读者。     

澳大利亚NCAP

他山之石，可以攻玉。在C—NCAP正如火如萘进行的时候，有必要了解国外NCAP情况。 澳大利亚新车评价规程（AustraliannewcarassessmentprograR简称A-NCAP）是澳大利亚最权威的新车安全评价机构。它由澳大利亚汽车主管机构和汽车相关行业协会支持，并由澳大利亚国家道路及车辆驾驶人协会（NRMA）．各汽车俱乐部等共同创立。测试标准参考欧洲NCAP，主要包括正面40％重叠可变形壁障碰撞试验。可变形壁障侧面碰撞试验和柱碰3项。值得一提的是，虽然A-NCAP的测试方法与欧洲NCAP非常相似，但由于评价体系不同，潮试结果不完全一样，而且往往还会有很大差异。[编者按]     

2008年Euro NCAP回顾

2008年对Euro NCAP的发展来说是非常重要的一年。在这一年中,Euro NCAP增加了新的测试车型——小型皮卡．扩大了评价的范围。此外,Euro NCAP在2008年成功完成了追尾（鞭打）试验的前期论证及试验准备工作．并在2009年将其正式列为测试内容。     

最早的NCAP

在以往几期杂志中，我们谈了欧洲的EURO NCAP，介绍了日本的JNCAP，却一直没有涉及到NCAP的始作俑者——美国，这似乎有点“忘本”的嫌疑，这次就让我们来了解一下最早的NCAP——美国的NHTSA。[编者按]     

NCAP测试日本两款小车

作为NCAP专栏的一部分,本刊将定期介绍国外最新安全测试的情况。2005年10月25日,欧洲E-NCAP 公布了日本两款小车的最新安全测试结果,它们均取得了不错的成绩。改变了人们对日本车不安全的错误观念。     

中日NCAP进行全面深入交流

2008年11月6-7日,中国汽车技术研究中心(CATARC)与日本独立行政法人汽车事故对策机构(NASVA)在天津共同举办了中日NCAP交流研讨会.这是有关NCAP的国际交流活动第一次正式在中国进行.     

2020年EURO NCAP回顾

2020年是极不平凡的一年,这一年始于新冠疫情的大规模爆发,随之而来的封闭与隔离给社会运行和经济发展带来了重大的影响。回顾这一年,受疫情影响,Euro NCAP测试一度被搁置了半年之久,但由于Euro NCAP实验室以及下属员工的积极响应和对特殊环境下工作节奏的逐渐适应,Euro NCAP的相关工作在下半年得以有效的恢复和开展。     

基于NCAP规则的正面碰撞乘员小腿伤害分析

基于NCAP评分,重点分析了37组100%正面碰撞、40%偏置碰撞两种形态下驾驶员、乘员的小腿伤害分布特征,并总结了特征参数对小腿伤害的影响规律。     

Design methodology to reduce the chest deflection in US NCAP and EURO NCAP tests

There have not been many studies on the factors that affect chest deflection, although the US NCAP thoracic injury criterion was recently shifted from the 3-msec clip to chest deflection. This study explored these factors and proposed a design methodology for the factors to minimize chest deflection. Because injuries can become severe if the driver crashes against the vehicle interior, this study also sought a solution using a penalty function to prevent crashes with the interior and minimize injuries. First, a MADYMO model was made to simulate US NCAP and EURO NCAP tests by one-to-one and stochastic verifications. Second, a sensitivity analysis was conducted to find the major factors that affect chest deflection. Lastly, the factors identified via the sensitivity analysis were optimized to propose design guidelines that helped vehicles receive high star ratings in US NCAP and EURO NCAP tests and helped minimize the possibility of hard contact between the driver and the vehicle interior by utilizing a penalty function and the Taguchi method.     

Hybrid Ⅲ 50百分位假人胸部低速撞击标定研究

对Euro NCAP新的Hybrid Ⅲ 50百分位假人胸部低速撞击标定程序进行了理论分析,比较了其与现行高速撞击标定程序的异同.然后通过胸部撞击标定试验对其影响因素进行分析,并结合我国实际情况讨论了符合我国国情的胸部低速撞击标定程序.     

新车评价规程NCAP分析

介绍NCAP的由来和目前主要国家NCAP的情况。     

保护行人大腿的汽车前端结构的研究

为进行行人保护研究,建立了某车型前端的有限元模型,并通过试验验证了该模型的精确性.以提高EuroNCAP行人大腿碰撞试验的得分为目标,对汽车前大灯采取了自身刚度弱化的措施,试验结果表明效果良好.文中还尝试将安全气囊运用到发动机罩上,仿真计算验证了该安全气囊对行人大腿保护的有效性.     

乘员膝部碰撞台车试验与车身结构设计

介绍了Euro NCAP关于膝部碰撞试验要求和试验方法。依据该试验方法采用现有的台车试验系统对配有膝部气囊的某车型进行了典型膝部碰撞试验研究。在膝部碰撞伤害区域内选取驾驶员左膝侧、乘员左膝侧、乘员右膝侧和转向柱下护板4个位置作为碰撞试验点,通过分析大腿力和膝部滑移量碰撞试验结果可知,4个碰撞位置设计均符合要求。     

一种针对C-NCAP中MPDB工况碰撞兼容性的优化方法

本文中对中国新车评价程序(C-NCAP)2021年版中首次引入的移动渐进变形壁障(MPDB)碰撞试验工况进行了介绍,对碰撞兼容性的评价指标进行了说明,并提出了一种针对于MPDB工况碰撞兼容性的优化方案.仿真分析与验证的结果表明,此优化方案可明显改善碰撞兼容性得分,可应用性强.     

Comparison on rating methods for female dummy in NCAP frontal impact test

From MY2010 US-NCAP, the 5th percentile female Hybrid III dummy has been used for the safety evaluation of the right front passenger position in the frontal impact test. In Korea, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (MLIT) decided to evaluate the safety of the 5th percentile female dummy in the frontal impact test from 2013 KNCAP. In this paper, using the frontal NCAP data for the 5 vehicles available from the NHTSA test database, the safety of the 5th percentile female dummy were examined. Using the evaluation and rating method by the KNCAP, 5 vehicles received 5 stars. Using the evaluation and rating method by the US-NCAP, only one vehicle received 5 stars and the remaining 4 vehicles received 4 stars. In the US-NCAP, the N_ij was the most influential factor for the star rating. In the KNCAP, the evaluation and rating method for the 5th percentile female Hybrid III dummy is less stringent than the method of the US-NCAP. The evaluation and rating method is proposed to increase the stringency of the star rating for the female dummy in the KNCAP.     

Cyclist target and test setup for evaluation of cyclist-autonomous emergency braking

From 2018, Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB) systems dedicated to avoid or mitigate passenger car-tocyclist collisions will be considered in the safety assessment by Euro NCAP. To test such systems, appropriate equipment has been developed in a project called CATS “Cyclist-AEB Testing System”, that has run between April 2014 and August 2016. Moreover, a proposal for the most relevant test scenarios was set up. The objective of the project was to provide proof to Euro NCAP of the relevance of the proposed test scenarios and of the feasibility of practical implementation of the scenarios and test setup. The process regarding the selection, verification and validation of test scenarios is described. The cooperation between 17 industrial partners (car manufacturers and automotive suppliers) in the CATS project has stimulated the harmonization and acceptance of the protocol, target and test setup. The process and intermediate results including the used methodology, have been reviewed by the German Federal Highway Research Institute (BASt) and have been shared on a regular basis during the project with stakeholders in Europe, Japan and the USA. Euro NCAP already indicated to consider the results of the CATS project as the main input to draft the test protocol, including scenarios and target for Cyclist-AEB systems in 2018 and 2020.