浅水超大型FPSO脉动压力研究

随着浅水超大型FPSO在渤海湾海域的广泛应用,水深对波浪诱导载荷的影响成为新的热点课题.文章推导了有限水深复合格林函数,结合三维势流理论用于计算浅水FPSO的水动力特性.采用开发的程序计算了一艘浅水300KDWT FPSO的脉动压力.计算结果表明浅水脉动压力与深水脉动压力的分布规律明显不同.     

浅水超大型FPSO波浪弯矩设计值与不同水深预报值的比较

针对水深对浅水超大型FPSO波浪诱导载荷的影响,在国际船级社协会(IACS)纵向强度标准的基础上,探讨了不同水深波浪诱导弯矩的长期预报值与波浪弯矩设计值的关系.开发了基于有限水深复合格林函数波浪诱导弯矩数值计算程序模块,对一艘300K DWT FPSO在不同水深海况下的波浪诱导载荷进行了长期预报.研究结果表明,水深对波浪弯矩设计值的影响很大.     

极浅水单点系泊FPSO低频响应分析

对单点系泊FPSO在极浅水中波浪作用下的低频响应进行频域数值计算与模型试验研究,水深16.7m,入射波有义波高4.1m.计算结果与试验结果符合良好.试验中的波浪校验结果显示,在不规则波浪谱中出现明显的低频成分.由此产生了一阶低频波浪力,其能量谱是通常二阶波浪力谱的近百倍,导致FPSO在极浅水中所受低频波浪力大大增加,并引起极大幅度的共振纵荡运动响应.极浅水时,低频纵荡运动响应主要是一阶的,二阶成分几乎可以忽略,而且与深水相比,由于阻尼和二阶波浪力同时增加,二阶响应变化不大.低频浅水长波和一阶低频波浪力及其诱导大幅运动响应会给极浅水FPSO和系泊系统设计带来严重影响,在水动力性能预报时必须仔细予以考虑.     

水深对水上软刚臂单点系泊系统影响研究

在渤海海域服役的大型FPSO作业水深较浅,水深的变化会直接影响FPSO运动性能。为研究水深对FPSO附加质量、阻尼系数、运动幅度以及波浪力等水动力参数的影响,应用AQWA软件,基于三维势流理论,求解FPSO各项水动力参数;利用多体动力学方法,建立FPSO和软刚臂系统的耦合时域运动方程,求解FPSO的六自由度运动及系泊载荷。计算结果表明,附加质量在低频范围内对水深更为敏感;随着水深的减小,6个自由度上的阻尼呈均增大,且在低频时变化比较明显;纵荡响应幅值在低频时远大于高频;随着水深的减小,纵荡运动极值和系泊力均显著增大,各运动平均值有所增大。     

超大型浮体单模块在浅水斜底系泊下的动态响应

岛礁附近的海域通常水深极浅且海底为斜坡,在这类海域中,浮式结构物对环境载荷的动态响应与其在深水中的表现会有较大差别。本文研究超大型浮体的单模块在浅水斜底海域中对风浪载荷的动态响应,分别通过Orca Flex数值计算和模型试验得到了单模块横荡和横摇运动的时历及统计数据以及锚链张力的统计结果。结果显示定常风对单模块运动的稳定性以及锚链的最大张力影响较小,而波浪载荷对单模块运动及锚链最大张力都有显著的影响。     

浅水FPSO垂荡和纵摇运动的低频响应

对软刚臂系泊FPSO在浅水不规则波作用下的垂荡和纵摇运动响应进行数值计算与模型试验研究,水深16.7 m.试验中的波浪校验结果显示,在波浪谱中出现明显低频长波成分.计算结果与试验结果均显示,垂荡和纵摇波浪力、运动响应既有传统的波频成分,也出现显著低于波浪频率的低频成分,而且低频响应的能量和幅值甚至会远大于波频响应.垂荡和纵摇运动的低频响应不具有能量集中的共振频率,而是具有较宽的低频能量分布.这种显著低频响应的出现,与浅水中低频长波的存在有关,表明其不仅对系泊FPSO水平面运动性能影响极大,也会显著影响垂荡和纵摇这类垂直面运动的波浪力和运动响应,在理论预报时需要予以重视.     

新概念多筒式FPSO设计及幅频特性研究

在总结分析传统船形FPSO特点的基础上,提出了一种多筒式FPSO的概念设计。多筒式FPSO整体采用钢筋混凝土结构具有造价低和抗腐蚀等优点,并可以钻井和安装干式井口。针对多筒式FPSO,计算分析了该结构的完整稳性和破舱稳性。考虑南海海域100米水深海洋环境条件,进行了新型多筒式FPSO的频域响应分析,得到了多筒式FPSO运动和波浪载荷响应幅值算子(RAOs),以及运动响应的短期统计。研究表明新型多筒式FPSO具有良好的稳性和水动力性能。     

西非海域环境条件下FPSO运动及载荷响应特性研究

针对在西非海域作业的某多点系泊30万吨FPSO,研究西非海域特定环境条件下的双向风浪及涌浪的联合作用对该FPSO运动及载荷响应的影响。文中基于三维势流理论对FPSO运动响应进行数值分析,并与试验值幅值响应算子(RAO)对比。利用双Ochi-Hubble谱的短期预报,论述FPSO在双方向风浪及涌浪作用下的运动幅值、加速度及载荷响应;论述涌浪方向对运动及载荷响应的影响,并考虑涌浪周期敏感性的影响,对FPSO运动加速度、幅值、波浪弯矩、波浪剪力进行数值分析;总结了FPSO在双方向风浪及涌浪作用下运动及载荷响应根据浪向的变化特点,以及FPSO波浪载荷受风浪和涌浪周期敏感性影响的特点,为西非FPSO后续的结构设计提供参考。     

30万吨级FPSO波浪诱导载荷研究

应用三维势流理论,以挪威船级社(DNV)的SESAM程序系统作为主要工具,分析研究了一条在西非海域作业的30万吨级浮式生产储油轮(FPSO)的水动力特性,包括船体运动与波浪诱导载荷的规律,给出了该轮主要截面上波浪诱导载荷的长期预报计算结果.     

FPSO与穿梭油轮的耦合水动力及运动响应研究

为探明通用型FPSO与穿梭油轮串靠外输模式下耦合水动力及运动响应特性,利用Aqwa软件,对通用型FPSO与穿梭油轮进行频域水动力分析,得到FPSO与穿梭油轮的水动力响应数据。选取墨西哥海域典型外输状态海况条件,开展FPSO与穿梭油轮系泊状态下耦合运动响应的数值预报,分析FPSO与穿梭油轮的间距、海况、装载工况等因素对运动响应及系泊系统载荷的影响。本文研究成果对通用型FPSO与穿梭油轮外输作业时选取合理的海况和间距具有指导意义,同时可用于指导系泊系统的设计。     

“海洋石油112”号FPSO单点系泊模型试验与数值计算对比分析

国内有多艘大型软刚臂系泊FPSO在浅水服役,或多或少均存在一定故障,因此浅水FPSO水动力性能和安全问题受到广泛重视。"海洋石油112"号FPSO软刚臂单点系泊系统位于渤海浅水水域。文中对该单点系泊系统进行了系泊分析数值模拟,并与水池试验结果进行对比,验证三维动力响应数值模拟在浅水中应用的准确性。     

水深对某典型FPSO及其系泊系统影响研究

以某典型转塔式FPSO为研究对象,利用大型海洋工程水动力及时域耦合分析软件AQWA对FPSO及其系泊系统进行相关计算比较分析;首先通过ANSYS建模并且划分网格,然后通过AQWA-LINE,应用势流理论进行水动力分析,并分别选择914.4m、1800m、3000m作业水深,进行相应的静力计算、运动响应对比分析以及锚链张力的对比计算,得出FPSO的静力、运动响应以及锚链张力随水深变化的规律。     

Hydroelastic responses and interactions of floating fuel storage modules placed side-by-side with floating breakwaters

This paper is concerned with the hydroelastic responses and hydrodynamic interactions of two large floating fuel storage modules placed side-by-side with the presence of floating breakwaters. These modules and breakwaters form the floating fuel storage facility (FFSF). The floating storage modules and breakwaters are modeled as plates and the linear wave theory is used to model the water waves in the numerical model. The numerical model is verified with existing numerical results and validated with experimental test. Numerical simulations are performed to determine the hydroelastic behavior and hydrodynamic interactions of floating storage modules placed adjacent to each other and enclosed by floating breakwaters under various incident wave angles. The effects of breakwaters, drafts, channel spacing formed by the two adjacent modules and water depth on the hydroelastic responses of the modules are investigated. The wave induced responses of multiple floating storage modules enclosed by floating breakwaters are also examined.     

Wave loads on ships sailing in restricted water depth

The effect of shallow water on the vertical wave-induced loads acting on the hull is studied by a modified linear frequency domain deep water strip theory. A more general form is applied for the diffraction force and the incident wave. The trends in motion and load responses with water depth are discussed for two particular ships.     

A B-spline Galerkin scheme for calculating the hydroelastic response of a very large floating structure in waves

This paper presents an effective scheme for computing the wave-induced hydroelastic response of a very large floating structure, and a validation of its usefulness. The calculation scheme developed is based on the pressure-distribution method of expressing the disturbance caused by a structure, and on the mode-expansion method for hydroelastic deflection with the superposition of orthogonal mode functions. The scheme uses bi-cubic B-spline functions to represent unknown pressures, and the Galerkin method to satisfy the body boundary conditions. Various numerical checks confirm that the computed results are extremely accurate, require relatively little computational time, and contain few unknowns, even in the region of very short wavelengths. Measurements of the vertical deflections in both head and oblique waves of relatively long wavelength are in good agreement with the computed results. Numerical examples using shorter wavelengths reveal that the hydroelastic deflection does not necessarily become negligible as the wavelength of incident waves decreases. The effects of finite water depth and incident wave angle are also discussed.     

支撑条件对浮动式厚弹性板水弹性行为的影响分析（英文）

The hydroelastic response of very large floating structures(VLFS) under the action of ocean waves is analysed considering the small amplitude wave theory. The very large floating structure is modelled as a floating thick elastic plate based on TimoshenkoMindlin plate theory, and the analysis for the hydroelastic response is performed considering different edge boundary conditions.The numerical study is performed to analyse the wave reflection and transmission characteristics of the floating plate under the influence of different support conditions using eigenfunction expansion method along with the orthogonal mode-coupling relation in the case of finite water depth. Further, the analysis is extended for shallow water depth, and the continuity of energy and mass flux is applied along the edges of the plate to obtain the solution for the problem. The hydroelastic behaviour in terms of reflection and transmission coefficients, plate deflection, strain, bending moment and shear force of the floating thick elastic plate with support conditions is analysed and compared for finite and shallow water depth. The study reveals an interesting aspect in the analysis of thick floating elastic plate with support condition due to the presence of the rotary inertia and transverse shear deformation. The present study will be helpful for the design and analysis of the VLFS in the case of finite and shallow water depth.     

有限水深复合格林函数的数值计算

有限水深格林函数值的正确求解对处于浅水的海洋结构物运动响应和载荷计算起着非常关键的作用.本文根据海洋结构物的物面对称性,在有限水深复合格林函数表达式的基础上推导出了格林函数偏导数的数值计算表达式,并对格林函数的奇异性进行了分析.采用抛物线积分法对其进行了积分,为有限水深海洋结构物的水弹性分析奠定了基础.计算结果表明,利用抛物线积分法所求得的运动响应与挪威DNV船级社SESAM软件的计算结果吻合得很好.