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随着我国东线南水北调工程的建设,内河船舶对水域环境造成的污染引起了高度的重视,为了保障南水北调工程的建设和人民群众生活及生态环境安全,加强内河船舶污染控制工作成为海事船检部门工作的重中之重。严格把关船舶污染水域源头,从现行法制手段、国家监督管理机制、船舶防污设计等多个方面进行分析,采取有效的防污染措施,提高当前内河船舶防污染工作,重视内河船舶防污染治理,提升内河船舶防污染水平。本文针对京杭运河徐州段船舶防污现状,浅析内河船舶防污染面临的问题,并研究解决对策。 相似文献
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本文是交通运输部海事科技项目《内河船舶污染事故损害赔偿机制》的研究成果。为建立适合我国国情的内河船舶污染强制责任保险限额的制定方法,本文通过分析国内外船舶污染责任保险限额设定内容、设定方式和设定依据,明确其设定思路并分析其优缺点,进一步确定我国内河船舶污染责任保险限额的法律依据,比较责任限额的科学设置方法。在"限额设置区间、区间递进方式、限额变动、起始吨位、使用货币、责任限额的确定方式、对责任限制的免除条件、法律基础"等方面进行了理论创新,提出了详细的可操作性设置建议。 相似文献
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《交通建设与管理》2013,(6):17
在国务院公布的第一批取消的行政审批项目中,包括由交通运输部实施的国际船舶运输经营者之间兼并和收购的审核,承担船舶油污损害民事责任保险的商业性保险机构和互助性保险机构的确定,国际船舶代理业务审批,船舶修造、水上拆解地点的确定;由省级地方海事机构实施的从事内河船舶船员服务业务审批。而保留的行政审批项目,主要集中在安全监管和市场秩序监管领域。保留这些审批项目,主要出于三个方面考虑:一是履行安全管理和防治水域污染职责的需要;二是履行国际公约的需要,国际海事组织、国际劳工组织在船舶管理、船员管理以及防治船舶污染海域等方面制定了一系列公约,中国作为公约的成员国,必须遵循这些规则;三是维护国家主权、实施对等管理的需要,出于对国家主权和国家经济安全的保护,世界上很多国家在公路水路运输 相似文献
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正2018年年底,交通运输部印发《船舶大气污染物排放控制区实施方案》(以下简称《实施方案》),该方案明确,在已设立的环渤海(京津冀)、长三角、珠三角水域船舶排放控制区基础上,进一步扩大控制地理范围,严加控制排放要求,降低船舶硫氧化物、氮氧化物、颗粒物和挥发性有机物等污染物的排放,促进沿海和内河港口城市空气质量持续改善。《实施方案》的出 相似文献
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通过分析目前宁波市城区内河水环境存在的水流不畅、季节性明显、河道发臭等问题,提出生态修复和污染源头控制两大原则,对城区内河进行整治。主要通过截流污水、雨水预处理和水体调控等措施来改善河网水环境,恢复河道生态功能,从而提高居民生活的环境质量。 相似文献
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Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD). An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip. It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links. 相似文献
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Joseph N. Prashker 《Transportation》1979,8(4):329-346
Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area. 相似文献
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本文阐述了混合动力列车的技术特点及其相应优势与劣势,同时介绍了其在国内外的研究动向,并对其应用前景进行了展望。尽管该类新型铁道车辆的续航能力、电池寿命以及成本等相关问题目前仍有待改善,但以其对城市环境的美化作用与优越的舒适驾乘性能,以及高效节能、绿色环保的显著优势,依然不失为一类充满前景的新型轨道交通运输方式。 相似文献
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This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress. 相似文献
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天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本. 相似文献
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明确埋地管道防腐保温层的技术评价标准,对埋地钢质管道的安全运行,延长管道使用寿命具有重要意义。为了对埋地管道防腐保温层做出有效评价,从间接检测与开挖检测2个方面,结合现场检测数据,提出了基于防腐保温层的电流衰减率、绝缘电阻率、质量状况与厚度的分级评价标准及基于4种评价指标的综合评判方法。工程实践表明,该评价标准对防腐保温层是否存在失效能做出有效判断。 相似文献