基于高雷诺数的并联双圆柱绕流研究

文章采用基于边界瞬时涡量守候的拉格朗日方法(IVCBC),结合并列双圆柱的特点,建立了双圆柱绕流数值计算模型。对高雷诺数下Re=6×10~4,间隙率为T/D=1.1~7的并联圆柱双圆柱二维绕流特性进行了研究。提出了双圆柱间隙中点的速度区别宽窄尾流的新方法。分别讨论了流体力系数随间距增加的特点,脉动流体力的特点,尾流特征以及斯托哈尔数特征。研究发现:区别宽窄尾流的新方法是可靠的;在双圆柱尾流附近有五种尾流模型存在;同时发现了在宽窄尾流的频率,存在一个中间频率。     

并列双圆柱绕流中宽窄尾流的识别方法

采用基于边界瞬时涡量守恒(IVCBC)的纯拉格朗日涡方法,结合并列双圆柱的结构特点,建立双圆柱绕流数值计算模型。在间隙率T/D=1.1~2.6时,并列双圆柱绕流会出现宽尾流(WW)和窄尾流(NW)现象。利用两圆柱间隙中心点的诱导速度方向与间隙流的偏转方向同步的特性,提出一种区别宽、窄尾流的数值计算方法;比较间隙流的偏转方向与该间隙中点的速度偏转方向,并进行典型的算例分析。结果表明:该方法能准确区别宽尾流和窄尾流,可为数值研究这一特殊区域的流体特征提供重要的数值计算方法。     

近壁旋转圆柱流场特性数值模拟分析

[目的]为探讨近壁旋转圆柱尾流及流体力特性,对典型间隙比下旋转圆柱绕流进行研究。[方法]对雷诺数Re=200下3种典型间隙比（G/D=0.2,0.8,1.4）的旋转圆柱绕流展开数值模拟,对比不同间隙比和转速比下的圆柱尾流及流体力特性。[结果]结果显示：当G/D=0.2时,圆柱表面脱涡会受到显著抑制,圆柱表面升阻力无波动;当G/D=0.8和1.4且转速比较低时,会发生“尾流涡”脱落现象,其结构与2S模式相似,升阻力系数呈正弦周期性波动,振幅较小;当正旋转速较大时,圆柱表面无漩涡脱落,形成稳定的D模式尾流（随转速比增大由D+模式变为D-模式）,“尾流涡层”与“壁面涡层”发生分离,“壁面涡”呈现多周期性脱落现象,升阻力系数呈多周期波动,振幅显著增大;当反旋转速较大时,圆柱表面被一层正涡量的涡层包裹,漩涡脱落受到显著抑制,升阻力无波动。[结论]所得结论可为高效流动控制技术发展提供参考。     

三角形布置圆柱体群绕流特性与流动机理研究

基于浸没边界-多松弛-格子玻尔兹曼方法,对Re=100时等边三角形布置三圆柱体群绕流问题进行数值模拟,分析间距比(K_d)与来流角度(α)两个关键参数对流体力系数及流场特性的影响,揭示其流动机理。计算结果表明：不同流场下尾流模式分为单漩涡、单漩涡体向双漩涡过渡、不规则的双漩涡、规则的双漩涡、双漩涡向三漩涡过渡、不规则的三漩涡和规则的三漩涡模式,在α=30°时流场下游涡街更加规则,尾流模式转变更快。三圆柱所受的时均流体力系数受间隙流流速影响较大,各来流角度下随间距比(除小间距比外)的变化趋势基本一致,尾流模式转变会导致三圆柱群的流体力系数均方根值发生显著变化,在K_d≥3.5后上游圆柱流体力系数均方根值有较大起伏。除α=0°工况外,在K_d≥2.5后中游圆柱的涡脱落频率受α和K_d影响较小,数值相对稳定。     

低雷诺数圆柱绕流的大涡模拟分析

以二维圆柱为研究对象,采用大涡模拟的方法对圆柱绕流进行数值模拟。计算的雷诺数Re=400。计算结果能够清晰地反映卡门涡街的周期性脱落。通过对圆柱表面压力分布的深入探究,揭示圆柱尾流中产生周期性旋涡脱落的原因。研究结果中的阻力、升力呈周期性变化规律以及斯特劳哈尔数(St)都与前人实验结果较好吻合,说明大涡模拟能够对低雷诺数的圆柱绕流进行准确的模拟。     

基于格子Boltzmann方法的船舶风力助推转子绕流特性

风力转子推进装置节能环保,降低推力成本,有利于船舶行业的绿色发展。基于多松弛格子Boltzmann方法,对并列风力助推转子绕流进行数值模拟。首先模拟单圆柱绕流的流动特性,以验证程序的可靠性,重点探究双圆柱的间距比和转速比对圆柱绕流特性的影响。获取圆柱的升阻力系数以及尾流流型,验证临界转速比的存在。结果显示:旋转可以有效地抑制涡的生成和脱落,当转速比达到临界转速比时,漩涡彻底消失,流场变得稳定;时均升力系数的绝对值和时均阻力系数随转速比的增大分别增大和减小。     

基于格子Boltzmann方法的船舶风力助推转子绕流特性

风力转子推进装置节能环保,降低推力成本,有利于船舶行业的绿色发展。基于多松弛格子Boltzmann方法,对并列风力助推转子绕流进行数值模拟。首先模拟单圆柱绕流的流动特性,以验证程序的可靠性,重点探究双圆柱的间距比和转速比对圆柱绕流特性的影响。获取圆柱的升阻力系数以及尾流流型,验证临界转速比的存在。结果显示:旋转可以有效地抑制涡的生成和脱落,当转速比达到临界转速比时,漩涡彻底消失,流场变得稳定;时均升力系数的绝对值和时均阻力系数随转速比的增大分别增大和减小。     

亚临界雷诺数下圆柱和方柱绕流数值模拟

基于RNG k-ε模型,采用有限体积法对亚临界雷诺数条件下(Re=3×102~3×105)的二维单圆柱和单方柱绕流进行数值模拟与仿真。得到了圆柱和方柱绕流阻力系数Cd与Strouhal数随雷诺数的变化规律。同时对雷诺数Re=22 000下的圆柱、方柱绕流相关特性进行详细对比分析。计算结果表明:同一雷诺数下,单圆柱绕流阻力系数Cd较单方柱低,但圆柱的Strouhal数较单方柱则要高。虽然二者边界层分离点不同,但流场的演变与漩涡的脱落具有一定相似特性。     

格子Boltzmann方法在串列双圆柱绕流数值模拟中的应用研究

基于格子Boltzmann方法,对二维静止串列双圆柱绕流进行了数值模拟,并将模拟结果与已有研究结果进行了对比分析。为提高计算效率和计算精度,采用了多块网格耦合算法,并在圆柱曲边界处采用了较为精确的边界处理方法。提取了圆柱的升阻力系数,讨论了圆柱间距对圆柱受力情况和尾流特征的影响。数值模拟在雷诺数Re=200条件下进行,对两圆柱中心间距为1.5~4.0D(D为圆柱直径)之间的典型间距进行了数值模拟,获得了圆柱升阻力系数以及尾流中涡和流线的变化,验证了临界间距的存在,模拟结果和已有研究结果符合得较好。     

基于全相似的串联双立管大雷诺数涡激振动研究

为了解串联双立管的涡激振动情况,基于完全动力相似,采用ANSYS/CFX针对大雷诺数串联双立管的涡激升力和脉动拖曳力以及圆柱绕流和流固耦合,基于物理模型分析串联双立管在不同雷诺数、不同间距下双立管的受力情况,结果表明,当两立管间距较大,采取圆柱绕流的方法代替流固耦合来模拟立管受力时,结果可信并偏安全。     

Empirical model of the wake-induced lift force on a cylinder with low mass ratio

The vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) of two flexible circular cylinders in a tandem configuration were studied numerically for spacing ratios ranging from 6 to 18 and the reduced velocities ranging from 2.35 to 12.59. The VIV response amplitude, response frequency, fluid force, pressure distribution and vortex structure of the tandem cylinders with different spacing ratios under different reduced velocities were compared. The results indicate that there is a great difference between the lift forces on the downstream and upstream cylinders. The lift coefficient of the downstream cylinder undergoing the wake-induced vibrations (WIV) is larger than that of the upstream cylinder, and the dominant frequency curves of the lift coefficients of the upstream and downstream cylinders separate. It can be found that the length and intensity of the wake are quite different under different reduced velocities and spacing ratios, and the reattachment positions between the wake and the downstream cylinder are different, which leads to a great change in the flow around the downstream cylinder and have a great effect on the wake-induced lift force on the downstream cylinder. Considering these factors, an empirical model for the wake-induced lift force on a cylinder with low mass ratio was proposed and verified.     

串列双圆柱流致振动数值模拟

基于开源程序OpenFOAM和动网格技术,利用切应力平衡法建立水流作用下的海上风电基础局部冲刷数学模型。通过模拟结果与实验数据的对比发现,所建立的冲刷数学模型能够合理反映圆柱型单桩基础周围的水流结构,冲刷深度与实验结果吻合较好。     

具有向下渗漏特性的沙质渠道中串列桥墩绕流及冲刷特性试验研究（英文）

Experimental investigations have been carried out to study morpho-hydraulic characteristics such as scour geometry and turbulent flow properties around tandem piers in alluvial channels. Experiments were carried out in a plane sand bed with two circular piers of same diameter arranged in tandem manner under no seepage, 10% seepage and 20% seepage conditions. Downward seepage minimizes the scour depth around piers and restrains the development of scour depth with time. Strong reversal flow is found near the bed at upstream of piers and near free surface at downstream of piers where velocity and Reynolds shear stress are found to be negative which reduce in magnitude with downward seepage. The flow is more critical within the gap between two piers where velocity is lesser near free surface and gradually increasing towards bed. Quadrant analysis shows that contribution of each event to the total Reynolds shear stress increases with downward seepage. Sedimentation effect prevails within the scour hole whereas outside the scour hole erosive forces become more dominant. Reduced reversal flow at upstream of pier because of downward seepage results in decreasing higher order moments and turbulent kinetic energy. At downstream of piers, secondary currents are dominant due to wake vortices. Strouhal number decreases in case of seepage runs than no seepage condition.     

Effect of downward seepage on turbulent flow characteristics and bed morphology around bridge piers

In this work, experimental investigations have been pursued to analyse the influence of downward seepage on the turbulent characteristics of flow and corresponding changes in vortex structure around circular bridge pier in alluvial channel. Experiments were conducted in sand bed channel with circular piers of different sizes for no seepage, 10% seepage and 20% seepage cases. The measurement of turbulent flow statistics such as velocity and Reynolds stresses is found to be negative within the scour hole at upstream of the pier whereas application of downward seepage retards the reversal of the flow causing a decrement in the velocity and Reynolds stresses. Higher Reynolds shear stress prevails at the downstream side because of the production of wake vortices. Contribution of all bursting events to the total Reynolds shear stress production has been observed to increase with downward seepage. The analysis of integral scale suggest that size of eddies increases with seepage, which is responsible for increase in particle mobility. Initially rate of scouring is more which abatements gradually with expanding time as well as with the increased of downward seepage. Presence of downward seepage reduces the depth and length of vortex and shifts towards downstream side of the pier.     

桥墩下游渗流对湍流和桥墩周围地表形态的影响（英文）

In this work, experimental investigations have been pursued to analyse the influence of downward seepage on the turbulent characteristics of flow and corresponding changes in vortex structure around circular bridge pier in alluvial channel. Experiments were conducted in sand bed channel with circular piers of different sizes for no seepage, 10% seepage and 20% seepage cases. The measurement of turbulent flow statistics such as velocity and Reynolds stresses is found to be negative within the scour hole at upstream of the pier whereas application of downward seepage retards the reversal of the flow causing a decrement in the velocity and Reynolds stresses. Higher Reynolds shear stress prevails at the downstream side because of the production of wake vortices. Contribution of all bursting events to the total Reynolds shear stress production has been observed to increase with downward seepage. The analysis of integral scale suggest that size of eddies increases with seepage, which is responsible for increase in particle mobility. Initially rate of scouring is more which abatements gradually with expanding time as well as with the increased of downward seepage. Presence of downward seepage reduces the depth and length of vortex and shifts towards downstream side of the pier.     

均匀粘性流体中截断直立圆柱体受迫振荡的三维数值模拟

研究了直立截断圆柱体受迫振荡时的三维绕流问题.以不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程为控制方程,采用有限体积法和PISO算法,以自身泻涡频率为振荡频率建立数值模型对受迫振荡圆柱体进行研究分析.分析对比了受迫振荡圆柱体与静止圆柱体力系数差别及流场特性,并取多组雷诺数对柱体的力系数和流场进行了研究分析,总结了受迫振荡圆柱体力系数幅值及平均力系数随雷诺数的变化规律.     

上游静止柱体对圆柱体结构尾激振动的影响

文章运用半隐式特征线分裂算子有限元算法对串列布置的静止上游柱体和下游圆柱的尾激振动问题进行了数值模拟研究。数值结果表明:上游柱体结构的形状、尺寸比(d/D)和折减速度(Ur)三个参数对下游圆柱体结构的动力响应、运动轨迹与涡脱落模态有着显著的影响,且与单圆柱工况相比存在明显区别;随着尺寸比的增大,上/下游柱体结构之间的互扰作用会由流致效应逐渐转变为尾流效应,使得频率特性发生变化,并会导致下游圆柱体结构的振动响应增强;当d/D=0.5和1.0时,下游圆柱体结构的运动轨迹主要为“8”字形;当d/D=1.5时,除了“8”字形外,运动轨迹还会呈现双弯刀形、“双8”字形和不规则形状。通过对流体力系数与位移时程曲线及位移PSD曲线特性进行分析,揭示了其相互作用的内在机理。另外,下游圆柱体结构的尾流场特性也会随参数的变化而变化,其涡脱落模态主要为2S、P+S和2P三种。     

受渗流影响的冲积河道中圆型和矩形桥墩受腐蚀情况和流动特性比较（英文）

The present study examines scour geometry and turbulent flow characteristics around circular and oblong piers in alluvial channel with downward seepage. Experiments were conducted in plane sand bed of non-uniform sand under no seepage, 10% seepage and 15% seepage conditions. Scour depth at oblong pier is significantly lesser than the scour depth at circular one.However, the scour depth at both piers reduces with downward seepage. The measurements show that the velocity and Reynolds stresses are negative near the bed at upstream of piers where the strong reversal occurs. At downstream of oblong pier near the free surface, velocity and Reynolds stresses are less positive; whereas, they are negative at downstream of circular pier. The streamline shape of oblong pier leads to reduce the strength of wake vortices and consequently reversal flow at downstream of pier. With application of downward seepage turbulent kinetic energy is decreasing. The results show that the wake vortices at oblong pier are weaker than the wake vortices at circular pier. The strength of wake vortices diminishes with downward seepage.The Strouhal number is lesser for oblong pier and decreases with downward seepage for both oblong and circular piers.