三体船横向结构波浪设计载荷试验与规范比较研究

三体船连接桥结构波浪设计载荷的确定对结构设计中关注的横向强度问题来说是非常重要的.为了研究一艘三体船连接桥横向波浪载荷,进行了该三体船的水池模型试验,包含不同浪向下规则波与不规则波试验.试验对连接桥遭受的分离弯矩Msp、分离剪力Qsp和横向扭矩Mtt进行了测量,分析了其传递函数和统计的特性.根据对这些连接桥横向波浪载荷在试验值、推断值与规范计算值之间的比较分析表明:劳氏规范关于这些横向波浪载荷的计算值可能对应于规则波双幅波高6.0m;对于不同的横向波浪载荷来说,保证率为99%的设计载荷推断值对横向扭矩Mtt来说要大于规范计算值,而分离弯矩Msp和分离剪力Qsp的推断值对应的规范计算值则相当,这意味着没计人员在用劳氏规范进行校核时,横向扭矩Mtt的规范计算值是偏向于冒险的,应给予特别关注.     

三体船波浪载荷预报研究

根据现有某三体船的相关资料和海浪统计资料,采用三维频域计算方法,给出横纵向波浪载荷分量的传递函数及长短期预报值。横向波浪载荷包括各纵剖面的横向对开力、横垂向剪力、横垂向弯矩、纵摇有关扭矩等;纵向波浪载荷包括各横剖面的纵垂向剪力、纵垂向弯矩、纵向扭矩和水平弯矩。短期预报采用P-M双参谱;长期预报采用IACS推荐的Rec.34标准海浪统计资料,考虑到高速三体船适用于7级海浪的要求,根据实际情况把海浪资料波高截断,即有义波高变化范围为0.5⁶ m及0.56 m及0.5⁹ m,其中6 m及9 m有义波高的出现概率按照插值的方法得到。根据计算结果,可给出高速三体船的波浪载荷特征,为结构的进一步优化设计提供重要依据,并为相关规范公式的修改提供参考。     

三体船垂向波浪载荷预报

以一艘三体船为例,采用基于三维线性势流理论的流体动力计算程序,进行船体波浪载荷的长期预报,并将波浪载荷的长期预报值与英国劳氏船级社三体船规范计算值进行比较分析。结果表明,在现有条件下预报结果具有一定的准确性,可用于指导船体初步结构设计。     

三体船连接桥结构波浪载荷研究

根据三体船船型简要分析连接桥结构波浪诱导的剖面载荷特征。以三维势流理论为基础,应用简单格林函数法对三体船在波浪中运动与载荷的时历进行仿真计算,并将时域结果转换为频域,之后对航行于北大西洋的三体船的连接桥波浪载荷进行长期预报,最终探索三体船连接桥纵向剖面的各载荷分布规律和趋势。     

三体船波浪诱导载荷计算研究

基于三维势流理论和简单格林函数法,探索了三体船在规则波中运动的频响函数,并对航行于北大西洋海域的全船典型剖面波浪载荷进行了长期预报,分析了不同浪向角时典型剖面的剪力、弯矩和扭矩极值,研究了三体船剖面载荷的分布规律和趋势,为三体船结构设计提供了一定的依据.     

三体船重量分布对波浪载荷的影响

三体船根据执行任务、续航时间、航行区域等实际要求,存在着不同的载重状态。文中基于三维势流理论和简单格林函数法,分别对三体船4种典型重量分布情形下的剖面波浪载荷进行长期预报,比较分析了纵向重量分布对三体船波浪载荷的影响。结果表明,三体船全船纵向重量分布更加均匀,有助于降低剖面波浪载荷。     

五体船波浪载荷计算研究

基于势流理论和格林函数,探索五体船在不规则波中运动的波浪载荷响应函数,并且运用波谱分析法,采用北大西洋波浪散布图,对船体的几个典型剖面作波浪载荷的长期预报。分析不同航速、不同浪向角下典型剖面上的弯矩和剪力,研究五体船在波浪中运动时剖面载荷的分布规律。     

水深对三体船运动和波浪载荷的影响

利用三维势流理论和简单格林函数计算了迎浪航行时不同航速和不同水深组合下的波浪运动响应和载荷传递函数,研究不同水深和航速组合对三体船的波浪运动响应和波浪载荷的影响,并对船舯垂向弯矩和舯后1/4船长处剪力进行了长期预报.将预报值与规范值进行比较,结果令人满意.计算结果表明三体船在不同水深下航行时,水深对其运动响应和波浪载荷都会产生显著影响.     

片体位置及航速效应对三体船波浪载荷的影响

基于三维时域Rankine源法计算不同航速下三体船的总纵垂向弯矩、垂向剪力和总纵扭矩以及连接桥上的横向弯矩、垂向剪力和横向扭矩。基于北大西洋海况的长期预报结果,研究片体纵向位置以及航速效应对三体船波浪载荷沿船长、随浪向的分布规律以及对载荷大小的影响,得出基于波浪载荷的片体优化分析和航速建议,可以为三体船的载荷直接计算和结构强度分析提供参考。研究发现,片体位置对纵向扭矩以及连接桥弯扭载荷的分布和大小影响很大,片体位于距船尾约35%~40%L比较有利;船舶在中高航速(0.25≤Fn0.4)下的波浪载荷比较小。此外,改善片体重量分布有利于减小连接桥载荷。     

多功能支持船波浪载荷研究

波浪载荷研究是船舶性能预报和结构安全评估的关键内容。文中利用势流理论直接数值求解多功能支持船遭受的波浪载荷(包括一阶波频力和二阶漂移力),利用统计方法得到波浪载荷的长期预报和短期预报极值,包括波浪总纵弯矩和垂向波浪剪力以用于后续的船舶整体结构安全评估,以及纵向漂移力、横向漂移力和首摇漂移力矩用于船舶的动力定位能力分析中。研究结果表明:求解波浪载荷的势流理论方法精确,能为后续的船舶性能预报和结构安全评估提供可靠的载荷输入。     

基于波浪载荷直接计算的三体船总纵强度评估研究

采用基于自由面格林函数法的三维线性势流理论求解三体船辐射和绕射的水动力问题,得到各重现周期和概率水平下的垂向弯矩和垂向剪力的长期预报极值,分析其统计特性和分布规律,并与规范计算值进行比较,在此基础上运用簿壁梁理论进行总纵强度评估,为三体船的载荷预报和结构分析提供参考。     

三体船型PCC风荷载的实验性研究

In recent years, demands for car transportation by a ship have been increasing with favorable economic conditions in auto sector, and the need of a pure car carrier (PCC) has grown quickly. A PCC needs huge parking space but smaller displacement since a car is comparatively light for its volume. As a result, almost all PCCs have wide breadth, shallow draft and huge structure above the water surface. These features cause some technical issues of a PCC, like lack of stability, effect of strong winds on its resistance, difficulty of course keeping in rough seas, difficulty of berthing in strong winds, and so on. To overcome these technical issues, one of the authors has proposed a new concept for a PCC. This is a trimaran PCC which has very limited transverse bulkheads in the center hull by using two side hulls as fenders. In the present research, wind forces acting on a scale model of the trimaran PCC were measured in the towing tank with a wind generator at Osaka Prefecture University. Furthermore, in order to clarify the characteristics of wind pressure on the trimaran, height and width of tunnels which are between a main hull and side hulls were changed. And then, in order to imitate a real ship, we used wind reduction technology of corner-cut design for accommodation house of the ship. Moreover, the wind pressure acting on the trimaran was compared with that on a mono-hull PCC. Using these experimental and theoretical results, an estimation method of wind pressure acting on the trimaran PCC is deduced.     

Wave slamming loads on wave-piercer catamarans operating at high-speed determined by hydro-elastic segmented model experiments

Catamaran vessels operating at high-speed can be exposed to deck diving and bow damage and one resolution of this problem is the wave-piercer design of INCAT Tasmania. Owing to the complexity of the unsteady non-linear flow in the bow area during large wave encounter model testing has been undertaken to identify the peak dynamic slam loads on the ship structure. This paper provides experimental benchmark information relating to the wave slam loads on wave-piercing catamaran ferries. Since the time frames of transient slam loadings and whipping vibration of the entire hull in its first bending mode are similar it is important that the test model replicates the whipping response and therefore needs to be a hydro-elastic model. A 2.5 m hydro-elastic segmented catamaran model has been developed based on the 112 m INCAT Tasmania wave-piercer catamaran to establish the peak wave slamming loads acting on the full-scale vessel. Towing tank tests were performed in regular seas at a maximum full-scale operating speed of 38 knots. The model was instrumented to measure the dynamic slam loads acting on the centre bow and vertical bending moments acting in the demihulls of the catamaran model as a function of wave frequency and wave height. Peak slam loads measured on the centre bow were found to approach the total weight of the model, this being a broadly similar result to the peak loads measured at full-scale. It was found that global dimensionless heave and pitch accelerations peaked in the same range of encounter frequency as did the peak slam load.     

三体船模型试验阻力分析

该文在傅汝德数Fr=0.1～1.0范围内进行了三体船静水阻力试验,分析了侧体不同位置对剩余阻力的影响。文中将傅汝德数分成几个小区间,分别讨论了各个区间内最有利于减小剩余阻力的侧体位置,以期能在特定要求航速下选取出最佳的侧体位置,使得三体船的阻力性能有效提高。     

气垫船波浪载荷预报方法研究

高速气垫船对船体结构重量控制严格,而合理确定作用于船体的波浪载荷是结构设计、优化和安全性评估的基础。本文在气垫船船体结构受力特点分析的基础上,采用“分段船模”模型试验方法对目标气垫船开展了波浪载荷预报研究,重点解决了试验模型垫升系统动力特征相似、重量控制等关键问题。试验结果能反映目标气垫船围裙气垫的响应特点,说明所用分段船模试验方法预报气垫船运动与载荷的结果可信。基于此,对目标气垫船波浪载荷设计值的规范计算结果表明,给定的载荷规范计算方法可为气垫船结构设计提供参考。     

三体船侧体位置水动力布局试验研究

利用船模水池试验,考察了对应侧体不同纵横向位置时三体船的阻力性能,分析了随航速的变化,阻力性能较优的三体船方案对应的侧体布局方式,与国内外相关文献发表的三体船的这种侧体布局规律是一致的。     

深水钻井船波浪载荷预报

以两艘钻井船为例,分别计算其波浪载荷传递函数和波浪载荷长期预报值,将计算结果与规范计算值比较,且对其中一艘钻井船计算其不考虑月池开孔时的波浪载荷预报,试图找出钻井船与常规船型的差异,为结构设计人员在钻井船设计方面提供一定的借鉴。     

Resistance analysis of unsymmetrical trimaran model with outboard sidehulls configuration

The application of multi-hull ship or trimaran vessel as a mode of transports in both river and sea environments have grown rapidly in recent years.Trimaran vessels are currently of interest for many new high speed ship projects due to the high levels of hydrodynamic efficiency that can be achieved,compared to the mono-hull and catamaran hull forms.The purpose of this study is to identify the possible effects of using an unsymmetrical trimaran ship model with configuration（S/L） 0.1-0.3 and R/L=0.1-0.2.Unsymmetrical trimaran ship model with main dimensions： L=2000mm,B=200 mm and T=45 mm.Experimental methods（towing tank） were performed in the study using speed variations at Froude number 0.1-0.6.The ship model was pulled by an electric motor whose speed could be varied and adjusted.The ship model resistance was measured precisely by using a load cell transducer.The comparison of ship resistance for each configuration with mono-hull was shown on the graph as a function of the total resistance coefficient and Froude number.The test results found that the effective drag reduction could be achieved up to 17% at Fr=0.35 with configuration S/L=0.1.