Copepod diversity in the water masses of the southern East China Sea north of Taiwan

The warm oceanic current Kuroshio and the continental shelf water of the East China Sea meet in the western North Pacific, north of Taiwan and form an upwelling when they converge. The intrusion of the Kuroshio westward over the East China Sea shelf thus results in complicated exchanges of waters between these two water masses. We studied the copepods in the plankton collection taken from an east–west transect crossing these waters in April 1995 when the intrusion of the Kuroshio over the East China Sea shelf was beginning to retreat. The taxonomy of copepods was carefully treated and erroneous species records reported in the literature were guarded against. We evaluated the copepod diversity, the association of copepod species, and the association of stations in these water masses.     

Distribution and exchange of water masses in the Northeast Water polynya (Greenland Sea)

On the basis of classical hydrographic and nutrient analysis, water masses and their spreading in the Northeast Water (NEW) Polynya were investigated from RV Polarstern ARK IX (1993) data. It is shown that a local water body, East Greenland Shelf Water, occupies the top layer in the NEW and that this water is different from Polar Water exported from the Arctic Polar Ocean. Polar Water, as well as the underlying and also imported Knee Water, follows a path crossing the broad East Greenland Shelf diagonally from northeast to southwest but both waters do not enter the NEW Polynya. Intermediate waters in the NEW are also modified locally. A local source of silicate, contributing to an intermediate silicate maximum in the trough system, is identified in the centre of the anticyclonic movement over Belgica Bank. Furthermore, it is confirmed that there is no one-directional through-flow of deeper waters in the trough system. Belgica Trough and Westwind Trough contain two different water types of Atlantic origin, which are not directly related to Return Atlantic Waters. The deeper waters in Norske Trough are supplied from Belgica Trough over a sill of about 250 m depth.     

长江水上服务区

专为各类过往船只沿途补给服务的常规趸船已开始被一种集供应与修憩为一体、充满“人性化”色彩水上服务区所取代。介绍了南京长江水上服务区的构思与设计特点。     

滑坡涌浪水域船舶通航安全试验研究

山体滑坡是指部分不稳定的岩土由于重力的作用沿山体边坡下滑并在一定的软弱结构面上剪切位移的现象。在水库、河流、港口或者海岸等具有一定水深的区域发生山体滑坡,将会产生巨大的水波沿岸传播,冲击涌浪会对船舶的安全构成一定的威胁,而落入水中的土石还会堵塞河道、恶化航道水流条件。本文通过河道模型试验,对滑坡涌浪作用下船舶通航安全的问题进行深入研究。试验研究得到滑坡涌浪在直道和弯道处的衰减规律,船舶横摇运动幅值与山体滑坡位置、滑坡量大小、船舶与滑坡点距离等因素有关,结合试验数据,为船舶航行安全提供一定的理论依据。     

浅谈黄泥滩灌区供水工程建设的水土保持

水土保持对于黄泥滩灌区供水工程建设十分重要,通过水土保持工作可以有效地防治水土流失,降低水土流失危害,实现可持续发展要求。     

南水北调对宿迁辖区水上安全的影响及对策

为了缓解我国北方地区水资源短缺的现状,国家实施了南水北调工程,其中东线工程基本与现在的京杭运河苏北段走向一致,东线一期供水将于2013年6月30日前实现。南水北调将对京杭运河等苏北重点通航水域的船舶航行安全带来重大影响,文中分析南水北调对宿迁辖区水上交通安全的影响,并提出规避影响的相关措施。一、流速变化影响及对策根据南水北调的规划,东线一期     

Propagation and origin of warm anomalies in the Angola Benguela upwelling system in 2001

Warmer than average sea surface temperatures were observed by the Tropical Rainfall Mission Microwave Imager in the Angola Benguela Current system in late austral summer 2001 and persisted for about three months. These coastal anomalies extended offshore by 1 to 4° longitude and were not due to local ocean atmosphere interaction or relaxation of the upwelling favorable southerly winds. Instead, they were remotely forced by ocean atmosphere interaction in the Tropical Atlantic. Satellite remote sensing and a linear ocean model suggest that relaxation of trade winds along the equator triggered Kelvin waves that crossed the basin within a month in early 2001. Westerly wind anomalies were also observed in December 2000 and January 2001 over most of the Tropical Atlantic contributing to a warm preconditioning due to an enhancement of the oceanic annual cycle. This led to abnormal sea level heights near equatorial Africa that propagated southwards along the coast towards the Angola Benguela Frontal zone. This process increased the seasonal penetration of warm and salty water of tropical origin into the Angola Benguela upwelling system.     

有限水域水中爆炸气泡脉动的数值模拟

为研究炸药在有限水域内的气泡脉动规律,在Ansys AUTODYN程序内建立相应的计算模型,该模型考虑静水压力梯度和包括自由面、侧壁和水底在内的边界条件。以Pentolite炸药为例,计算其在Φ12 m×9.5 m爆炸水池内的水中爆炸过程,计算得到的气泡脉动周期与试验结果相吻合。基于该模型,可以计算炸药在有限水域中的气泡脉动过程,对于炸药水中爆炸气泡脉动研究具有参考价值。     

小区生活污水回用技术与策略

概述了小区中水处理站的常用工艺流程,详细介绍了以生物接触氧化为主体的中水回用工艺,该工艺出水经过消毒处理即可达到中水回用的标准,为小区污水处理及回用提供了一种可供选择的工艺及配套设备。     

珠海香洲港海域水体交换能力研究

文章利用开源代码Delft3D数值模式建立了珠海香洲港海域的二维潮流数学模型,在对模型进行验证基础上,模拟了香洲港海域水体交换能力。结果表明,香洲港海域从初始浓度下将为1%需要10d时间,下降为1‰需要16 d时间。受珠海歌剧院、野狸岛和防波堤的阻隔,香洲港海域水流动力较小,使得港区内水体交换能力较弱。香洲港海域无机氮含量超第四类海水水质标准,应减少陆源排放,加强环境保护。     

长三角水上旅游网络营销平台的构建

为推动长三角地区水上旅游业的发展,在分析长三角地区水上旅游网络营销现状的基础上,借鉴国外相关旅游企业网络营销经验,提出整合网站的基本要素和营销策略,以及符合水上旅游特点的7项水上旅游网站指标要素：功能、内容、风格、互动性、营销策略、操作性、特色等。     

小水线面双体船声辐射特性研究

运用结构有限元法与声学边界元法,对小水线面双体船振动声学特性数值计算问题进行了研究.通过结构动力响应分析,获得结构振动响应特性参数.以船体结构频响分析计算结果为声学边界条件,对小水线面双体船近场声学特性进行了边界元计算.对比不同工况下的结构声学特性,为进一步实现结构减振降噪提供参考.     

天津水域水上交通事故统计分析和对策研究

文中通过统计分析天津水域九年间水上交通事故资料,探索水域内水上交通事故的发生规律,分析了导致事故频发的人、船、环境、管理各方面的主要原因,并在此基础上对未来水域内事故发展趋势进行了预测。     

天津港人工沙滩环抱水域泥沙回淤研究

为提高对环抱堤内水域的泥沙回淤状况的认识,以天津港东疆人工沙滩环抱堤内水域为实例,通过综合分析浑水现象调查、悬沙粒径时空分布、含沙量时空分布、余流等方面的资料得出了环抱堤内水域的泥沙来源,然后采用套图法计算了地形冲淤变化并分析了冲淤原因。结果表明,环抱堤内的浑水主要随涨潮水体自口门外流入;淤积区域的年均淤积厚度约为0.2 m,环流集中区所在的重淤积区的淤积厚度约为平均淤积厚度的2~4倍;口门约束形成的大流速和从口门直接入射的波浪,以及NE向小风区波浪的作用,造成口门—宾馆区沙滩水域出现深度约为0.2 m的冲刷带;环抱堤内水域的冲、淤分布与动力条件分布密切相关。     

开敞水域蝶形码头泊位长度优化试验研究

通过对20万吨油轮系泊船舶的模型试验,研究波浪周期、波高及潮流流速、流向对系缆力和运动量的影响,并对我国规范和OCIMF系泊指南、英国海工规范得出的蝶形泊位长度进行了优化,对规范修订及工程设计有一定的参考价值.     

成山头水域商船与渔船碰撞事故原因及对策

针对成山头水域商船与渔船碰撞事故的特点,从6个方面分析总结该水域商船与渔船碰撞事故发生的原因,在渔政管理、通航环境、船公司监管、船员管理及培训、雾航规则制定、VTS监控及航路设计等方面,提出避免碰撞的对策。     

三峡库区:打造“长江清洁水域”

自三峡库区蓄水以来,由于流速降低,水体自净能力持续下降,环境敏感度逐步增加,库区水域的生态环境压力呈现出逐步加大的趋势。随着国家西部开发建设的逐步深入,库区船舶流量特别是易燃易爆及有     

排水沥青混合料在湿热多雨地区耐久性的研究

通过分析排水沥青混合料的特性及优点,对透水沥青混合料的材料选择、配合比、集料级配等方面进行探讨与研究,针对湿热多雨地区的气候特点,讨论了水损害产生的机理和高温天气对路面的影响,以及排水沥青路面寿命较低的原因,给出了一些提高耐久性的建议。     

小水面双体船结构优化分析

分析某型号小水线面双体船在2种航态下的结构强度问题,并在此基础上实现该船体结构的优化,以达到提高结构总体性能,减小结构重量并降低结构重心之目的.在研究中,根据 CCS 规范计算双体船结构的外载荷,并用有限元法进行结构强度分析.最后,通过集成多学科优化平台,以遗传算法为搜索策略,同时对2种航态下的船体结构进行优化.数值计算表明,优化结果具有可行性,可为现实设计提供参考.