单桩荷载-沉降曲线的修正指数曲线模型拟合研究

在对已有的数学模型预测方法进行分析并将指数曲线模型按照一定的修正方法进行优化的基础上,构造了一个新的修正指数曲线模型。通过对不同类型的单桩静载荷试验数据进行拟合,相关系数均高于0.996,拟合效果好于双曲线模型和完整指数曲线模型。修正指数曲线模型对单桩P-s曲线能进行很好的描述,可以利用该模型获得的拟合结果对单桩承载力进行预测。     

Gompertz曲线模型在海堤软土地基沉降预测中的应用研究

利用Gompertz曲线模型,采用三段法求解模型参数,结合工程实例对海堤地基沉降进行预测,并将计算结果与实测值进行对比,通过曲线良好的拟合,证实了这种方法在海堤地基沉降预测中的可行。     

船舶锚系三维建模及拉锚试验的仿真分析

提出了一种基于ADAMS和UG的轮船锚系三维建模和拉锚过程动态仿真分析的方法,利用该方法可以验证锚链筒、锚穴形状、尺寸及在船上位置等设计的可行性,及时发现设计上存在的问题,根据仿真结果对锚链筒和锚穴位置和形状进行设计修正,取代传统的木模拉锚试验.该方法可节约人力物力,提高工作效率.通过对2600kW近海拖轮船首及锚系三维建模及基于ADAMS动力仿真分析,验证了该方法的正确性和可行性,并且具有木模拉锚试验所不能实现的优越性.     

舰载无人机电磁弹射器应用能力分析

在预研阶段对舰载无人机电磁弹射器的应用能力进行分析,有利于研制重点的确定和关键部件的选型。建立了应用能力的层次结构模型,以此为基础采用层次分析法给出了应用能力的幂指数模型,并利用幂指数模型确定了舰载无人机电磁弹射器的研究重点和直线电机、储能装置这两类关键部件的选型。     

船舶含裂纹焊接结构剩余疲劳寿命可靠性预报

船舶服役期间工程技术人员需要对已检测到裂纹的构件进行剩余疲劳寿命可靠性评估,以便做出维修决策.鉴于基于S-N曲线和累计损伤理论的常规疲劳寿命预报方法对于损伤难以明确定义,本文基于裂纹扩展理论对船舶疲劳热点剩余疲劳寿命可靠性预报方法进行研究.在考虑应力比和应力强度因子幅门槛值的情况下,研究求解裂纹扩展预报的快速数值计算方法.通过与蒙特卡洛模拟相结合,预报可靠性指标随时间的变化曲线、一定存活率下的剩余疲劳寿命等.以油船上某疲劳热点为研究对象,进行剩余疲劳寿命可靠性预报,为工程应用提供参考.     

A new time-frequency analysis method based on single mode function decomposition for offshore wind turbines

The Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) has been widely applied and recognised as a powerful time-frequency analysis method for nonlinear and non-stationary signals in numerous engineering fields. One of its major challenges is that the HHT is frequently subject to mode mixing in the processing of practical signals such as those of offshore wind turbines, as the frequencies of offshore wind turbines are typically close and contaminated by noise. To address this issue, this paper proposes a new time-frequency analysis method based on single mode function (SMF) decomposition to overcome the mode mixing problem in the structural health monitoring (SHM) of offshore wind turbines. In this approach, the structural vibration signal is first decomposed into a set of window components using complex exponential decomposition. A state-space model is introduced in the signal decomposition to improve the numerical stability of the decomposition, and then a novel window-alignment strategy, named energy gridding, is proposed and the signals are constructed in the corresponding gridding. Furthermore, energy recollection is implemented in each gridding, and the reassembling of these components yields an SMF that is comparable to the intrinsic mode function (IMF) of the HHT, but with a significant improvement in terms of mode mixing. Four case studies are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The first case attempts to detect three different frequencies in a simulated time-invariant signal. The second case attempts to test a synthesised signal with segmental time-varying frequencies (each segment contains three different frequencies components). The analysis results in these two cases indicate that mode mixing can be reduced by the proposed method. Furthermore, a synthesised signal with slowly varying frequencies is used. These analysis results demonstrate the effective suppression of non-relevant frequency components using SMF decomposition. In the third case, the experimental data from vortex-induced vibration (VIV) experiments sponsored by the Norwegian Deepwater Programme (NDP) are used to evaluate the proposed SMF decomposition for vibration mode identification. In the final case, field data acquired from an offshore wind turbine foundation and offshore wind turbine are analysed. The mode identification results obtained using SMF decomposition are compared with those produced by the HHT. The comparison demonstrates superior performance of the proposed method in identifying the vibration modes of the VIV experimental and field data.     

框架-剪力墙结构分析模型的地震响应比较研究

将框架-剪力墙算例模型中的剪力墙简化为单墙柱和双墙柱模型后,分别作弹塑性静力分析,得出层剪力-层间位移曲线,确定和框架-剪力墙算例模型相对应的多质点系振动层模型侧移刚度,进行弹塑性地震响应时程分析,并与ANSYS软件直接计算得到的结果进行比较,得出如下结论：采用框架-剪力墙平面铰结体系进行抗震分析,剪力墙单墙柱和双墙柱模型具有一定的合理性和实用性,可作偏于安全设计,能为结构抗震初步设计提供参考．     

基于SVM的船体外板冷弯回弹预测模型研究

研究方形压头非对压成形装置成形原理的基础上,分析准确预测回弹对板材数控冷弯成形的意义。针对预测样本较少的情况,采用支持向量机技术进行回弹预测分析,并对模型中的核函数及其损失函数参数ε和惩罚因子C进行分析研究,建立板厚与回弹量的预测模型,并将其预测结果与试验结果及采用BP神经网络预测结果进行比较验证其准确性,为船体外板数控成形加工解决回弹问题提出新的思路。     

滑行艇尾部结构的模态分析和响应预报

针对某滑行艇尾部结构振动问题,建立尾部结构三维有限元模型,应用MSC.Patran/Nastran软件对其进行模态分析和响应预报。其中,采用虚拟质量法模拟流体与结构相互作用来计算附连水质量;运用瞬态响应分析方法计算螺旋桨脉动压力引起的尾部结构振动响应。通过分析获得该艇尾部结构的振动特性,为结构减振设计提供依据。     

Strain rate sensitive steel constitutive models for finite element analysis of vessel-structure impacts

Civil infrastructure systems such as bridge piers, navigational guide walls, and protection structures that are located near navigable waterways are inherently at risk for being impacted by cargo vessels such as barges and ships. To safely design such systems to possess adequate vessel impact resistance, structural loads associated with potential vessel-structure collision conditions must be quantified in a conservative manner. While high-resolution finite element impact simulations may be employed to compute such loads, care must be exercised in defining the material characteristics of the vessel if conservative structural design loads are to be obtained. Importantly, constitutive relationships assigned to steel components in the vessel model must be capable of accounting for strain rate sensitivities and large-scale plastic deformations.In the present study, strain rate sensitive constitutive models were developed for two types of steel commonly utilized in marine construction in the United States—ASTM A36 and ASTM A1011. Tension tests were conducted over a wide range of strain rates (7.00 × 10⁻⁵ s⁻¹ – 250 s⁻¹) spanning from quasi-static to intermediate and high rates that are typically associated with vessel-structure impact events. A novel testing apparatus—employing an impact pendulum as an energy supply mechanism—was designed for this study to conduct intermediate to high-rate material testing. Features of the apparatus, discussed in this paper, overcome key problems encountered in other studies that have employed impact loading for tensile material testing. From the testing program, representative stress–strain relations and Cowper–Symonds strain rate sensitivity parameters were developed for the materials tested. Rate sensitivities of the two steel grades tested were found to be very similar to each other. Additionally, rate sensitivities from the present study agreed well with ultimate stress data measured in past studies of mild steel, but were found to be less rate-sensitive than yield stress data measured in past studies.     

基于代理模型的集成上层建筑开口群角隅应力分析

针对具有开口群的船舶集成上层建筑,使用ANSYS分析其开口区域的强度特性.在多方案有限元计算的基础上,提出兼顾计算精度和计算成本的强度计算模型.基于该模型,以影响开口区域应力的主要设计参数为设计变量,构造了快速预报开口群角隅节点应力的4种代理模型,并对这4种代理模型进行误差检验,得出在所选取的样本点比例下,Kriging代理模型拟合精度较高.因此,采用构造的Kriging模型分析了结构尺寸对开口角隅节点应力的影响.结果表明:开口面板厚度的变化对角隅节点应力水平影响最大.