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1.
A reasonable boarding model can effectively improve the boarding efficiency. Therefore, developing boarding models/strategies to improve the boarding efficiency has been an interesting topic in the air transportation. In this paper, we incorporate the group behavior and the quantity of luggage into the boarding process, and then develop an extended boarding model to investigate the effects of the two factors on the delay time and boarding time. The numerical results show that the quantity of luggage may make each passenger’s boarding behavior more complex, while the group behavior can shorten some passengers’ delay time and the total boarding time. The results can help administrators organize the boarding process and enhance the boarding efficiency. 相似文献
2.
Aircraft boarding is a process mainly impacted by the boarding sequence, individual passenger behavior and the amount of hand luggage. Whereas these aspects are widely addressed in scientific research and considered in operational improvements, the influence of infrastructural changes is only focused upon in the context of future aircraft design. The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the innovative approach of a Side-Slip Seat, which allows passengers to pass each other during boarding. The seat holds the potential to reduce the boarding time by approx. 20%, even considering operational constraints, such as passenger conformance to the proposed boarding strategy. A validated stochastic boarding model is extended to analyze the impact of the Side-Slip Seat. The implementation of such fundamental change inside the aircraft cabin demands for adapted boarding strategies, in order to cover all the benefits that accompany this new dynamic seating approach. To reasonably identify efficient strategies, an evolutionary algorithm is used to systematically optimize boarding sequences. As a result, the evolutionary algorithm depicts that operationally relevant boarding strategies implementing the Side-Slip Seat should differentiate between the left and the right side of the aisle, instead of the current operationally preferred boarding from the back to the front. 相似文献
3.
In this paper, we propose an agent-based simulation approach that is capable of simulating the flow of passengers on board buses and at bus stops. The intention is that it will be applied during vehicle development to analyze how vehicle design affects passenger flow, and thus also how it affects system performance such as dwell time. In turn, this could aid the developers in making design decisions early in the development process. Besides introducing the simulation tool itself, the paper explores the realism of the data generated by the tool. A number of passenger flow experiments featuring a full-scale bus mockup and 50 participants were carried out. The setup of these experiments mirrored a number of ‘bus journeys’ (regarding vehicle design, number of passengers boarding/alighting at each stop and so on) that had previously been simulated using the simulation tool. When the data from the simulations were compared with the data from the passenger flow experiments, it could be concluded that the tool is indeed able to generate realistic passenger flows, although with some errors when a large number of passengers board/alight. The simulated dwell times were rationally affected by the tested bus layout aspects. It was concluded that the tool makes it possible to evaluate how variations in bus layouts affect passenger flow, providing data of sufficiently high quality to be useful in early phases of vehicle design. 相似文献
4.
This study aims to explore how factors including charging infrastructure and battery technology associate the way people currently charge their battery electric vehicles, as well as to explore whether good use of battery capacity can be encouraged. Using a stochastic frontier model applied to panel data obtained in a field trial on battery electric vehicle usage in Japan, the remaining charge when mid-trip fast charging begins is treated as a dependent variable. The estimation results obtained using four models, for commercial and private vehicles, respectively, on working and non-working days, show that remaining charge is associated with number of charging stations, familiarity with charging stations, usage of air-conditioning or heater, battery capacity, number of trips, Vehicle Miles of Travel, paid charging. However, the associated factors are not identical for the four models. In general, EVs with high-capacity batteries are initiated at higher remaining charge, and so are the mid-trip fast charging events in the latter period of this trial. The estimation results also show that there are great opportunities to encourage more efficient charging behavior. It appears that the stochastic frontier modeling method is an effective way to model the remaining charge at which fast-charging should be initiated, since it incorporates trip and vehicle characteristics into the estimation process to some extent. 相似文献
5.
Travel behavior researchers have been intrigued by the amount of time that people allocate to travel in a day, i.e., the daily
travel time expenditure, commonly referred to as a “travel time budget”. Explorations into the notion of a travel time budget
have once again resurfaced in the context of activity-based and time use research in travel behavior modeling. This paper
revisits the issue by developing the notion of a travel time frontier (TTF) that is distinct from the actual travel time expenditure
or budget of an individual. The TTF is defined in this paper as an intrinsic maximum amount of time that people are willing
to allocate for travel. It is treated as an unobserved frontier that influences the actual travel time expenditure measured
in travel surveys. Using travel survey datasets from around the world (i.e., US, Switzerland and India), this paper sheds
new light on daily travel time expenditures by modeling the unobserved TTF and comparing these frontiers across international
contexts. The stochastic frontier modeling methodology is employed to model the unobserved TTF as a production frontier. Separate
models are estimated for commuter and non-commuter samples to recognize the differing constraints between these market segments.
Comparisons across the international contexts show considerable differences in average unobserved TTF values. 相似文献