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上海申通地铁集团有限公司 《交通节能与环保》2012,8(4):5-10
轨道交通地下车站内部空间广、发热量大,为维持其热环境,通风空调系统的风机、冷水机组、空调机组的装机容量较大。根据上海轨道交通运营线路的能耗统计数据分析,地下车站通风空调系统能耗约占车站总用电量的50%~60%,占整个轨道交通能耗的25%~30%,系统用电成本占运营成本约30%,对轨道交通运营经济性影响较大。因此,降低通风空调系统能耗对轨道交通车站的节能具有十分重要的意义。 相似文献
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结合城市轨道交通给排水节能环保设计的要求,详细阐述了轨道交通车站、车辆段与综合基地给排水系统环保节能设计的思路和措施,并介绍了太阳能利用及雨、废水回收利用的相关内容。 相似文献
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哈尔滨轨道交通车站环境控制系统以冬季防寒为主,兼顾夏季通风降温。通过对哈尔滨轨道交通1号、3号线部分车站公共区温、湿度测试数据的对比分析,根据不同制式下车站在冬、夏、春、秋季的环境温度情况,归纳总结严寒地区开/闭式系统和屏蔽门系统制式的特点,结合实际运营情况,优化各季节的节能通风控制策略。 相似文献
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为了响应国家节能减排的发展趋势,如何有效地降低城市地下轨道交通环控系统的高能耗问题已经迫在眉睫。文中提出一种因地制宜的温和地区城市轨道交通地下车站的环控系统。该系统主要采用机械通风+多联机系统等联合设计方案,通过环控系统制式将温和地区外界丰富自然冷源引入地下车站中,降低地下车站与区间隧道等工作环境温度,满足城市地下轨道交通车站正常运行的温度环境要求,有效降低地下车站环控系统建设成本,同时降低环控系统年运行能耗,有效助力城市轨道交通绿色节能减排。 相似文献
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A model is developed for jointly optimizing the characteristics of a rail transit route and its associated feeder bus routes in an urban corridor. The corridor demand characteristics are specified with irregular discrete distributions which can realistically represent geographic variations. The total cost (supplier plus user cost) of the integrated bus and rail network is minimized with an efficient iterative method that successively substitutes variable values obtained through classical analytic optimization. The optimized variables include rail line length, rail station spacings, bus headways, bus stop spacings, and bus route spacing. Computer programs are designed for optimization and sensitivity analysis. The sensitivity of the transit service characteristics to various travel time and cost parameters is discussed. Numerical examples are presented for integrated transit systems in which the rail and bus schedules may be coordinated. 相似文献
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An optimization model for station locations for an on-ground rail transit line is developed using different objective functions of demand and cost as both influence the planning of a rail transit alignment. A microscopic analysis is performed to develop a rail transit alignment in a given corridor considering a many-to-one travel demand pattern. A variable demand case is considered as it replicates a realistic scenario for planning a rail transit line. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) based on a Geographical Information System (GIS) database is developed to optimize the station locations for a rail transit alignment. The first objective is to minimize the total system cost per person, which is a function of user cost, operator cost, and location cost. The second objective is to maximize the ridership or the service coverage of the rail transit alignment. The user cost per person is minimized separately as the third objective because the user cost is one of the most important decision-making factors for planning a transit system from the users’ perspective. A transit planner can make an informed decision between various alternatives based on the results obtained using different objective functions. The model is applied in a case study in the Washington, DC area. The optimal locations and sequence of stations obtained using the three objective functions are presented and a comparative study between the results obtained is shown in the paper. In future works we will develop a combinatorial optimization problem using the aforementioned objectives for the rail transit alignment planning and design problem. 相似文献
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围绕轨道交通地下车站的施工工序,对地下车站的施工风险进行了分析,并有针对性地提出了一些风险控制措施。通过研究其中潜在的风险发生机理,将有助于建立轨道交通建设风险控制体系,减少并控制轨道交通地下车站施工中的风险事故。 相似文献
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针对上海轨道交通5号线沿线环境以及轻轨车站的特点,介绍了该工程车站建筑的设计特色,并对设计布置做了多方面的探讨,包括车站功能完善、规模控制、设计方法、建筑造型、结合环境以及投资控制等。 相似文献
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通过对上海轨道交通清分系统构架的现状分析,明确清分、线路中央计算机、车站计算机等系统之间业务功能的调整方向。根据云计算技术的特点,阐述在城市轨道交通自动售检票系统中如何建立私有云计算系统、不同服务层次服务的对象以及实施的技术路线,并提出城市轨道交通自动售检票系统云计算构架的设想与模型。 相似文献
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Transit oriented development (TOD) has been an important topic for urban transportation planning research and practice. This paper is aimed at empirically examining the effect of rail transit station-based TOD on daily station passenger volume. Using integrated circuit (IC) card data on metro passenger volumes and cellular signaling data on the spatial distribution of human activities in Shanghai, the research identifies variations in ridership among rail transit stations. Then, regression analysis is performed using passenger volume in each station as the dependent variable. Explanatory variables include station area employment and population, residents’ commuting distances, metro network accessibility, status as interchange station, and coupling with commercial activity centers. The main findings are: (1) Passenger volume is positively associated with employment density and residents’ commuting distance around station; (2) stations with earlier opening dates and serving as transfer nodes tend to have positive association with passenger volumes; (3) metro stations better integrated with nearby commercial development tend to have larger passenger volumes. Several implications are drawn for TOD planning: (1) TOD planning should be integrated with rail transit network planning; (2) location of metro stations should be coupled with commercial development; (3) high employment densities should be especially encouraged as a key TOD feature; and (4) interchange stations should be more strategically positioned in the planning for rail transit network. 相似文献
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以既有的上海轨道交通1号线莲花路站进行开发建设可行性方案研究为例,探讨围绕既有轨道交通站点的开发建设理念、交通功能、建设管理和技术经济性,可为类似轨道交通站点开发建设提供借鉴。 相似文献
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为准确把握轨道交通网络化运营的新态势和新要求,力求轨道交通系统在大客流下做到运输能力和服务水平的供需匹配,需对轨道交通网络的关键瓶颈进行有效识别和疏解。本文借鉴交通渗流理论,提出了限制网络整体服务水平和连通效能的动态服务瓶颈的识别方法,该方法综合考虑了城市轨道交通系统的网络特性、客流特性和服务特性。其中针对区间服务水平状态,该方法提出了定量评定的复合指标模型。以成都地铁线网为案例,基于实际客流运营数据,构建动态网络,识别服务瓶颈,验证了方法的适用性和准确性,对城市轨道交通系统运营管理有实际指导意义。 相似文献
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本文结合各地轨道交通工程建设的实况,详细分析了国内现有轨道交通地下车站消防设计模式的差异性,并就如何使地下车站布局对人员疏散及消防扑救更为有利的问题进行了论述。 相似文献