期租船人使用海洋气象导航的优势和必要性

从事实与数据出发，分析了期租船人的营运特点与海洋气象汛航之间的关系，从而论述了期租船人在航运经营中使用海洋气象导航的优势及必要性。     

扫描第三方船舶管理业

船舶管理从管理主体来分,分为三种类型,船东本身管理船舶,称为第一方船舶管理;租船人(主要是光租租船人)管理船舶,称为第二方船舶管理;独立专业公司管理船舶,称为第三方船舶管理,这类公司被称为专业船舶管理公司,是指向船东提供船舶管理服务并收取管理费用的经营主体,其迎合了船舶所有人(投资人、非专业船东等)、租船人、船舶经营人等的市场分工需要,服务范围广泛.     

定期租船合同中气导船舶的性能计算和分析

定期租船合同的格式以及定期租船过程中气象导航公司的作用,分析海事仲裁中认可的气象导航对船舶性能计算的方法,并对国际上两家主要气导公司计算方法进行比较,关于实际业务操作中注意事项,希望对使用气象导航的各方有些许帮助。     

谈散货运输租船合同中的保函

散货运输行业的租船合同中普遍使用各类保函,例如无单放货保函、改港保函、分单和换单保函等,在使用过程中租船人以签发保函的形式作出赔偿损失的承诺,换取船东同意租船人所提出的租船合同约定以外的要求.保函的使用虽然可为国际贸易和航运提供便利,但也潜藏了风险,使用不当可能为船东带来极大的损失.阐述保函的定义、法律地位、风险及注意...     

《金康合同》释义

装/卸货 (甲)装/卸费用及风险 租船人应负责把货物置于货舱之内,装货、积载和/或平舱、理货,绑扎和/或加固货物;把货物移出货舱、卸货,船东不承担任何风险、责任和费用。租船人应提供和铺垫合适积载、保护货物所需的一切垫舱物料;船东准允租船人使用船上所存之一切物垫舱物料。根据本合同,租船人应负责支付清理垫舱物料的费用,装/卸作业时间应计算到垫舱物料清理完毕为止。     

《金康合同》释义

租船人应按主要条款(Box)20条的规定的费率,按天(不足一天的按比例计算)支付装/卸港的滞期费。滞期费应逐日计算,租船人在收到船东的发票后即支付滞期费。 如果没有按上述条件支付滞期费,船东应给租船人书面通知,指出租船人的失误之处。如果租船人未能在96个连续小时内支付滞期费,如果船舶在装港,船东     

《金康合同》释义

第16条,托运人营业地(shippersplace of business) 托运人(Shipper)是接受委托而将货物交付承运并获得提单的公司或个人。在租船人与托运人为同一主体的情况下,船东与租船人的关系以租船合同为主,提单仅作为承运人收到货物的证据。然而,在租船人与托运人并非是同一主体的情况下,作为提单收受人的托运人与船东的法律关系以提单为准。此时的提单便不仅仅是收到货物的证据,而是一种运输契约。即使提单没有包括租船合同的所有条款,或者带有租船合同所没有的条款,也不会变更船东与租船人之间的租船合同,除非租船合同双方同意提单条款可以修订租船合同条款。在托运人与租船     

媒体推介

<正> 《中国远洋航务》2009年1月刊规避海盗风险鉴于可能遭遇的海盗袭击风险,船东是否有权拒绝租船人制定的合理航线?这一问题通常是根据战争险条款、在租船合同的基础上进行处理的。其中安全港保单也列在考虑范围之内,因为海盗袭击风险问题不仅适用于通往港口的途中,也适用于到达港口之后。考虑到海盗活动日益猖獗,船东和租船人不能仅仅依赖于租船合同中的安全港保单,还要检验港口以及通往港口的途中是否存在安全隐患,一般来说是要看这些安全隐患能否通过出色的船舶驾驶技术和导航技术加以避免。遭遇海盗劫持风险大小取决于很多因素,船东很难因为海盗风险的存在而断定航行一定会危险重重。鉴于迄今为止还没有一项针对海盗袭击的判例法,船东在使用战争险条款时都应采取谨慎态度,因为船东要想得到战争险条款切实有效的保护取决于多种因素。     

船长如何处理与期租租船人的关系？：浅谈期租体会

定期租船合同是由出租人和租船人订立的收面契约，出租人提供指定的船舶在约定的时间由由租船人按合同条款规定作用船舶进行客货运输或其他作业。阐述了期租船船长如何处理与租船人的关系，强调作为船长为维护船东利益，保证船舶安全，必须严格履行合同。     

期租船燃油公证检验的几个问题

期租,又称定期租船,指按一定期限租赁船舶,即由船东的船舶出租给租船人在规定的租赁期限内,由租船人调动使用并负担由此产生的燃料费、港口费等。燃油费用在船舶运输成本中所占的比例很大。特别是近年来国际燃油市场每吨船用燃油几百美元,燃     

Coastal Tourist Interest in Value-Added,Aquaculture-Based,Culinary Tourism Opportunities

Despite increasing focus on sustainable aquaculture investment in the U.S. coastal zones, the aquaculture industry continues to face skepticism among consumers due to perceived negative environmental impacts, and health and food safety concerns. Partnering with culinary tourism and local food promotion efforts has potential for improving public outreach about the benefits of aquaculture, especially in coastal destinations where sustainable marine aquaculture and tourism are both occurring. Culinary tourism implies that local foods reflect the local livelihood and culture, and may be important to the tourist's experience. Aquaculture is becoming increasingly valuable to coastal destinations for assuring the steady availability of local seafood to meet demand and retaining commercial fisheries as a means to differentiate themselves to tourists. This study examined the role of subjective knowledge and attitude about aquaculture, and their effect on intention to participate in value-added culinary aquaculture tourism experiences. The study found that tourists' subjective knowledge and attitude about aquaculture influenced intentions to participate in culinary aquaculture tourism. In order for farmers or tour operators to be successful in diversifying with value-added culinary aquaculture, attention needs to be paid to educating consumers, which may be possible through strategic partnerships with tourism organizations, chefs, and restaurants.     

我国海上遇险和安全通信系统价值分析

概述了海上遇险和安全通信系统(Global Maritime Distress and Safety System,以下简称GMDSS)的背景、系统构成,对系统功能、地位和作用进行了比较详细的介绍;重点分析了系统工程的价值,由此提出我国建设GMDSS的首要目的是最大限度地保障海上人命与财产安全,并对实施海洋开发具有战略意义;针对我国GMDSS存在的不足,提出了改进措施,为我国GMDSS发展和管理的技术政策、战略、规划等宏观决策提供参考。     

Quantifying uncertainty in high-resolution coupled hydrodynamic-ecosystem models

Marine ecosystem models are becoming increasingly complex and sophisticated, and are being used to estimate the effects of future changes in the earth system with a view to informing important policy decisions. Despite their potential importance, far too little attention has been, and is generally, paid to model errors and the extent to which model outputs actually relate to real-world processes. With the increasing complexity of the models themselves comes an increasing complexity among model results. If we are to develop useful modelling tools for the marine environment we need to be able to understand and quantify the uncertainties inherent in the simulations. Analysing errors within highly multivariate model outputs, and relating them to even more complex and multivariate observational data, are not trivial tasks. Here we describe the application of a series of techniques, including a 2-stage self-organising map (SOM), non-parametric multivariate analysis, and error statistics, to a complex spatio-temporal model run for the period 1988–1989 in the Southern North Sea, coinciding with the North Sea Project which collected a wealth of observational data. We use model output, large spatio-temporally resolved data sets and a combination of methodologies (SOM, MDS, uncertainty metrics) to simplify the problem and to provide tractable information on model performance. The use of a SOM as a clustering tool allows us to simplify the dimensions of the problem while the use of MDS on independent data grouped according to the SOM classification allows us to validate the SOM. The combination of classification and uncertainty metrics allows us to pinpoint the variables and associated processes which require attention in each region. We recommend the use of this combination of techniques for simplifying complex comparisons of model outputs with real data, and analysis of error distributions.     

船体零部件标准化设计思路

为了提高造船效率、降低造船成本、提高造船质量,造船行业需要引入先进的智能制造理念。船舶制造作为典型的离散型制造行业,其传统的船舶设计、制造模式在一定程度上限制了智能制造技术的大范围推广应用,从船体零部件标准化设计角度,研究如何利用标准化设计手段来扩大船厂智能制造应用范围和场景。形成船体零部件标准化、批量化设计原则和标准,达到降低船舶智能制造技术难度,最终实现船舶制造向连续型生产模式转变的目的。     

石垣港换单简介及操船

由于中、日、韩航线及海峡两岸的航运市场不断发展,为了船舶的安全及经济效益,到我国台湾地区的船舶缩短在石垣港的换单时间及操船,关系到船舶的安全营运,抓好这一环节十分重要。     

Disused shrimp ponds: Options for redevelopment of mangroves

Associated with the rapid increase in the production of cultured marine shrimp has been large‐scale conversion of mangroves to shrimp ponds. Production in many regions has proved to be unsustainable, largely due to inappropriate construction methods, poor environmental conditions, overstocking, and disease. A number of shrimp ponds consequently are unproductive and lie idle. Accurate assessments of pond disuse are difficult to obtain; however, unofficial estimates have suggested that as many as 70% of ponds may be disused after a period in production. Pond construction, shrimp culture, and pond disuse lead to alterations to the physical and chemical properties of soil, hydrological conditions, and the flora and fauna composition of the pond area. The case for restoration, or rehabilitation to a sustainable use, is strong. Consideration must be given to the causes of production failure, the environmental conditions remaining following disuse, the needs and preferences of pond owners and coastal managers, and technical constraints.     

大力推进信息化建设 提升企业综合竞争力

结合企业计算机应用的实际,以及造船生产劳动强度大、劳动环境恶劣、船用配件和材料种类繁多等特点,介绍在造船工业中,将设计、制造、管理等集为一体纳入计算机综合管理的集成系统,目的在于寻求一种采用计算机技术挖掘企业内部潜力,提高工作效率、推进企业信息化、加快企业生产和管理现代化、提升企业综合竞争力的新途径。     

Attitudes toward Participation in Cooperative Coastal Management: Four European Case Studies

Findings are reported of the VALCOAST project that had as one of its research objectives to ascertain: (a) stakeholder willingness to participate and cooperate in coastal management (CM), given local and national CM practices; and (b) stakeholder assessment of the "accessibility" and "friendliness" of current CM processes. The project involved case studies and stakeholder interviews in Belgium, Greece, Spain, and the UK. Major findings include: (1) most stakeholders are willing to cooperate in three out of the four case areas, but not to the same extent; (2) the participating "officials" in the case studies are expecting the stakeholders to be less willing to cooperate than the latter indicate; (3) stakeholders in all case studies do not expect to be heard by those responsible for CM, find it difficult to learn about the relevant institutional arrangements, and consider the communication of the objectives and anticipated impacts of CM policies to be inadequate. It is concluded that the strong evidence of stakeholders' potential willingness to cooperate in local initiatives is very encouraging for a devolved, regional approach to European Union coastal management policies, provided that this potential is capitalized upon in such policy processes.     

Examining Residents’ Proximity,Recreational Use,and Perceptions Regarding Proposed Aquaculture Development

Competing interests related to marine resources have the potential to create conflict in the coastal zone. In many parts of the world marine farms exist in close proximity to areas that support recreation and tourism. The purpose of this study was to examine residents’ perceptions of proposed marine farm development related to their proximity to, and recreational use of, a coastal area in New Zealand. Residents from two areas were surveyed about their recreational use of the region and about perceptions related to marine farm development. Results indicated that those living closest to proposed marine farms used the area more often and in different ways, were most sensitive to marine farm development, and were less positive in their evaluations of marine farms, despite agreeing that marine farms can have positive economic consequences for nearby communities. Implications for using stakeholder input for the planning and management of marine farms are discussed.     

风电平台分段吊装计算新方法

以某国内大型风电平台上层建筑分段吊装为例，对新设计的一体式上层建筑分段进行吊装方案编制并借助有限元计算软件进行方案校核。在吊装计算中，主要从2个方面进行考虑：一是如何高质量地完成计算分析，保证计算符合实际情况，得到真实的结构响应；二是对吊装布置和加强方案进行分析，根据有限元分析结果为基地建造部门提出建议，保证吊装方案科学合理。给出一种新的有限元分析方法，并比较其与常规方法的加载方式。比较2种方法的计算结果，验证新方法可真实有效地模拟吊装的受力情况。分析结果可为造船企业今后提升海洋平台建造分段吊装工艺水平提供参考和借鉴。