地质雷达新技术在渝怀铁路隧道衬砌质量检测中的应用

文章论述了地质雷达无损检测的原理和参数的选择,重点介绍了SIR2000型地质雷达在渝怀铁路六座隧道衬砌检测中的应用情况,及对隧道衬砌几种缺陷的典型图像显示,最后总结了地质雷达在隧道检测中的应用成果和对隧道施工的指导作用.     

探地雷达技术在隧道衬砌质量检测中的应用

探地雷达作为一种较新型的无损检测设备。因其快速、高效、无损、分辨率高等优点迅速在各个工程行业得到推广。鉴于此,在阐述探地雷达工作原理的基础上,介绍了探地雷达检测工作方法、参数设置及一般数据处理,并结合工程实践说明其在隧道衬砌检测中的实际应用效果。     

地质雷达在隧道衬砌检测中的应用——渝怀铁路武隆隧道衬砌检测

武隆隧道是渝怀线上的第二长隧道，围岩以灰岩为主，岩溶方面相关的灾害特别多。首次在施工中采用地质雷达对隧道衬砌质量进行过程检测，充分利用了此检测手段的准确、高效、无损的优点，对提高工程质量起到积极作用。     

隧道衬砌质量的检测

文章介绍了用探地雷达检测60余座隧道衬砌及坍方等的工作及原理,以及无损电测喷射混凝土厚度的方法,并讨论了检测衬砌强度的技术.     

基于地质雷达无损探测的隧道衬砌质量检测方法

在开展隧道衬砌质量检测过程中,由于检测规模较大,导致难以实现对其整体的高精度检测,因此,提出基于地质雷达无损探测的隧道衬砌质量检测方法研究。分别将SIR3000型地质雷达、钢卷尺以及900MHz天线作为检测设备,沿拱顶及距拱顶水平距离为定值的两侧拱腰布设3条纵向检测线后,按照隧道衬砌施工设计情况,对衬砌厚度数据输出方式进行差异化设置,并根据反馈雷达信号检测隧道中不同位置衬砌的厚度,从而判断衬砌质量。根据测试结果可知,该方法对隧道不同位置衬砌厚度的检测结果误差稳定在0.2cm范围内,具有较高精度。     

地质雷达在衬砌检测中的误差分析

本文从地质雷达在隧道衬砌检测中的应用实际出发,系统地研究了在衬砌检测、数据分析过程中存在的影响检测精度的因素,并从实用的角度出发给出了应对措施和方案,对提高检测精度具有重要意义。     

铁路隧道衬砌施工自动浇筑振捣新技术

铁路隧道衬砌质量问题导致的衬砌背后空洞、开裂、掉块等病害会对铁路正常运营造成极大威胁,混凝土的浇筑和振捣是保证隧道衬砌质量的关键.为此,研发了一种隧道衬砌施工自动浇筑振捣新技术,以提升隧道衬砌质量.研究表明,自动旋转布料机逐窗浇筑技术每次换管时间仅为3～4 min,具有结构简单、操作方便、效果优良、安全可靠的特点,既加...     

大坪山原有隧道衬砌质量检测及其整治措施

本文介绍了泉厦拓宽高速公路大坪山原有隧道病害检测评估结果,总结分析了大坪山隧道目前存在的问题和安全隐患,并就隧道不同的问题和安全隐患采j13不同处理方法进行了探讨.     

地铁暗挖隧道二次衬砌施工质量控制浅析

文章根据深圳轨道交通二期工程安托山站—侨香站暗挖区间的二次衬砌施工经验,分析了地铁暗挖隧道二次衬砌施工质量的影响因素以及二次衬砌施工过程中容易发生的质量问题,并提出了具体的控制措施。通过经验总结,使地铁施工的管理、质量控制、施工通病防治上升一个台阶。     

公路隧道二次衬砌施工技术分析

在公路隧道工程项目施工阶段,二次衬砌施工质量水平的高低在一定的程度上和工程项目的建设进度以及安全性有着一定的联系.因此,为了能够对二次衬砌施工技术的应用情况有更为综合性的了解,依托某工程项目实例为研究背景,对二次衬砌混凝土技术的应用过程进行了综合探究,以期研究之后可以给同类工程提供相应的参考.     

岩石隧道衬砌外水压力问题的讨论

文章从渗流理论出发,对岩石隧道衬砌外水压力进行了分析和讨论,阐述了水荷载作用下隧道设计原则并提出了设计中值得注意的若干问题.     

基于数码摄影技术的隧道围岩变形非接触量测方法研究

基于数码摄影技术的隧道围岩变形非接触量测法是一种与传统测量完全不同的新方法,具有设备简单、不干扰施工、自动化程度高等特点,能更好地满足现在长大隧道各种技术要求。文章对数码摄影测量技术原理及其实现过程进行了比较全面的研究,并对现场试验获取的测量数据加以分析,得到了较好的结论。该方法为地下工程量测技术开辟了一条新的途径。     

敞开式全断面隧道掘进机通过软弱破碎围岩的施工方法

西南铁路桃花铺1号隧道是继西康铁路秦岭特长隧道之后采用敞开式掘进机施工的又一座长大铁路隧道.文章结合工程实践总结了TBM进入软弱破碎围岩的判别方法以及遇到的主要问题,提出了"超前探测,管棚注浆,调整参数,适速推进,减少扰动,防止坍塌"的施工原则以及"密排拱架,搭焊钢管,网板结合,及时喷锚,封闭塌腔,回填密实"的处理措施.     

The interaction between road traffic safety and the condition of sewers laid under roads

The main objective of this paper is to show how the service condition of the underground pipeline infrastructure, especially sewage systems, may contribute to road surface failures such as subsidence, bulging and particularly collapse. The analysis was based on CCTV surveys conducted in Poland to investigate the causes of more than a hundred road surface collapse incidents.The method proposed in this paper enables us to determine the risk of road surface collapse as the product of the category of probability of road collapse caused by damaged sewer pipelines and the weighted arithmetic mean category of their consequences.The key conclusions highlight the causes of road collapse incidents, the scale of the hazards, and the benefits resulting from the application of the proposed method to prioritize roads according to the road collapse risk.     

导洞法施工引起地表与洞内开裂的原因及治理

内昆线曾家坪1#隧道三线进口段采用双侧壁导洞法施工,由于隧道埋深浅、且处于断层影响带中,围技岩为自稳力极差的岩堆体,仅在小断面的左右导洞1、2部施工时,地表就出现了裂缝、错台,洞室支护结构发生大变位,喷混凝土环向开裂,严重影响了后续隧道的施工安全.文章介绍了左右导洞的施工和支护概况,分析了开裂原因,提出了整治措施和优化施工的建议.     

超浅埋暗挖隧道初期支护结构内力监测及稳定性分析

文章以广州地铁林和村段暗挖区间工程为例,通过采用结构内力的监测手段,获得了超浅埋暗挖隧道的围岩径向压力及结构内力的分布规律,并进行了围岩压力、结构内力的稳定性分析.对类似的工程设计、施工有一定的参考价值.     

Correlation between automotive CO, HC, NO, and PM emission factors from on-road remote sensing: implications for inspection and maintenance programs

Carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), and nitrogen oxide (NO) emission factors (EFs) are measured with a commercial vehicle emissions remote sensing system (VERSS) during a large-scale vehicle exhaust emissions study in Las Vegas. Particulate matter (PM) EFs are simultaneously measured for individual vehicles with a newly developed PM-VERSS based on ultraviolet backscatter light detection and ranging (Lidar). The effectiveness of CO and HC EFs as proxy for NO and PM EFs for spark-ignition vehicles is evaluated. Poor correlations were found between EFs for pollutants on an individual vehicle basis indicating that high EFs for one or more pollutants cannot be used as a predictor of high EFs for other pollutants. Stronger functional relationships became evident after averaging the EF data in bins based on rank-order of a single pollutant EF. Low overlap between the highest 10% emitters for CO, HC, NO, and PM was found. These results imply that for an effective reduction of the four pollutants, inspection and maintenance (I/M) programs, including clean screening, should measure all four pollutants individually. Fleet average CO and HC concentrations determined by gaseous VERSS were compared with fleet average CO and HC concentrations measured at low-idle and at high-idle during local I/M tests for spark-ignition vehicles. The fleet average CO concentrations measured by I/M tests at either idle were about half of those measured by remote sensing. The fleet average high-idle HC concentration measured by I/M tests was about half of that measured by VERSS while low-idle I/M and VERSS HC average concentrations were in better agreement. For a typical vehicle trip, most of the fuel is burned during non-idle conditions. I/M measurements collected during idling conditions may not be a good indicator of a vehicle’s potential to be a high emitter. VERSS measurements, when the vehicle is under a load, should more effectively identify high emitting vehicles that have a large contribution to the mobile emissions inventory.     

拼装方式对盾构隧道衬砌结构变形和内力的影响分析

文章结合广州地铁区间盾构隧道管片衬砌结构设计,采用梁-弹簧模型计算法对不同拼装方式下的盾构隧道衬砌环变形和弯矩、轴力、剪力等内力分布以及衬砌环变形量和内力随隧道埋深的变化规律进行了探讨和分析.通过对盾构隧道装配式衬砌结构变形和内力分布规律及影响因素的系统研究,深入探讨了拼装方式对盾构隧道管片衬砌结构设计的影响.     

An analysis of the effects of French vehicle inspection program and grant for scrappage on household vehicle transaction

The French government has implemented a periodical vehicle inspection program, which aims at maintaining proper functioning of the vehicle and ensuring the emissions control systems installed on the vehicle work properly. Also, an incentive program for scrapping old vehicles was introduced in 1994 through 1996 to promote the replacement of those vehicles with higher emissions by newer vehicles with lower emissions. A hazard-based duration model of household vehicle transaction behavior has been developed in this study to examine the effects of the inspection program and the grant for scrappage on vehicle transaction timing. The model is developed as a competing risks model assuming the following three types of competing risks: replacing one of the vehicles in the household fleet, disposing of one vehicle in the fleet, and acquiring one vehicle to add to the fleet. The empirical analysis is carried out using the panel data of French households' vehicle ownership from 1984 to 1998, obtained by the panel survey called Parc-Auto, which has been conducted by a French marketing firm, SOFRES, since 1976. The long panel observation period facilitates the introduction of macro-economic indicators into the model, enabling the analysis to distinguish the effects of policy measures from macro-economic factors. The empirical results indicate that the expected vehicle holding duration becomes 1.3 years longer under the inspection program than before the program commenced, given that the vehicle is replaced by another vehicle at the end of the holding duration; and that the conditional probability of replacing a vehicle aged 10 years and over becomes 1.2 times higher, and the average holding duration becomes shorter by 3.3 years, when the grant for scrappage is available.     

试用TV成像技术研究长大隧道围岩地质参数

文章介绍了TV成像技术的定义和技术原理,阐述了应用该技术研究特长隧道围岩地质参数的特点和难点以及取得的研究成果,对今后该项技术的进一步推广和应用有促进作用.