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汽车驾驶自动化是全球汽车技术及产业的重要发展趋势,对汽车驾驶自动化进行合理分级已经成为国际及主要汽车产业国家和地区的研究热点。2021年8月20日,推荐性国家标准《汽车驾驶自动化分级》(GBT 40429—2021)正式批准发布,解决了我国汽车驾驶自动化分级的规范性问题。本文基于标准内容,系统分析了分级的原则、要素和各级定义,结合产业情况对标准做出深入研究和解析,并从标准法规、宣传培训、企业管理等角度提出标准实施建议。 相似文献
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高级驾驶辅助系统(ADAS)作为入门级的自动驾驶技术,由于技术实现难度低,被大部分主机厂前装到整车上进行销售,有效降低了交通事故的发生概率。介绍了自动驾驶的分级标准和代表车型,之后介绍了别克品牌配置的ADAS系统的功能以及车型配置情况,并分析了ADAS系统的结构特点以及关键技术。 相似文献
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当酒后驾驶倍受关注、被小心提防之时,大家却往往把同样应该引起足够重视的疲劳驾驶给忽略了。这主要是因为:一方面,疲劳驾驶有相当的隐蔽性;另一方面,国际上目前还没有一个通用的界定疲劳驾驶的标准。其实,疲劳驾驶与酒后驾驶一样,已经成为交通事故的主要隐患。驾驶疲劳的征兆 相似文献
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将驾驶模拟器作为试验平台分析使用手机对驾驶的影响,有40名驾驶员参与了多阶段的试验,利用统计数据对不同通讯方式下完成的不同驾驶任务进行比较分析,得到初步结论:带有干扰性的手机通话最有可能引发道路交通事故,而免提可以起到轻微的改善作用,不能有效改善负面影响;使用手机同时完成双重任务的干扰性远比单一任务的干扰性影响大;男性使用手机对于驾驶安全性影响比对女性大。以试验的相关统计数据为基础,建立了使用手机对驾驶的可靠度模型,综合分析验证了使用手机对于车辆驾驶影响的初步结论。进一步为基于模型的驾驶可靠度进行分级,得到结论:使用手机对驾驶可靠度影响显著,干扰对话对驾驶可靠度影响更加显著;任何形式的通话都会使可靠度迅速减小。 相似文献
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汪晓伟颜燕景晓军戴春蓓闫峰 《汽车工程》2018,(10):1146-1150
使用便携式车载排放设备(PEMs)对一辆装有进气道喷射的自然吸气发动机的轻型汽油车按照轻型车国Ⅵ标准进行了真实驾驶排放(RDE)测试,并通过行程动力学定义了温和驾驶和激进驾驶。结果表明:激进驾驶的NOx和PN排放跟温和驾驶相差不大。但在市区行程,激进驾驶的CO排放为温和驾驶CO排放的84倍。而对于总行程,激进驾驶的CO排放为温和驾驶CO排放的75倍。激进驾驶中频繁的加减速是CO排放大幅增加的主要原因。在市区行程,CO排放与加速度正相关;在高速行程,由于发动机运转在高速大负荷的工况点,而这些工况点在企业进行排放标定时往往被忽略,导致CO的排放很高。 相似文献
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自动驾驶车辆在实际道路上行驶之前的测试阶段是一个至关重要的环节。一个低成本、高效率以及高精度测量的自动驾驶车辆的测试方式,对于自动驾驶车辆的开发具有重要意义。将驾驶模拟器运用到研究自动驾驶车辆测试已是近年来的一个研究热点。基于虚拟驾驶场景的自动驾驶车辆的检测,通过组合虚拟驾驶场景的背景车辆、行人、交通灯、建筑、指示标牌等元素,研究将驾驶模拟器与虚拟驾驶场景的联合应用来测试自动驾驶车辆。设计了典型的交通场景,通过自动驾驶车辆和背景车辆的实时交互,研究自动驾驶车辆的各项性能指标。研究结果表明:该驾驶模拟器可以高度拟合人类驾驶体验,驾驶员通过驾驶模拟器控制背景车辆能够很好的模拟现实中的驾驶行为,对自动驾驶车辆的仿真测试起到了促进作用。 相似文献
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为实现险性驾驶行为状态的有效辨识,提出了一套驾驶行为险态辨识方法.以单位时间误操作率为依据,采用自底向上的分段算法实现了行为险态分级,采用因子方差分析,选取听觉感知、动视野、动视力、色觉、暗适应、注意力、判断能力、反应时这8项因子构成驾驶行为状态因子集,构建驾驶行为险态辨识特征向量,然后再对行为状态指标数据予以预先分级的前提下,采用单因子分析法对试验数据予以分析.并设计出BP神经网络行为险态辨识模型,最后进行了实例分析与计算.分析结果表明:反应时、注意力、判断能力3项指标在各分级间差异显著,故可作为驾驶行为险态辨识主因子,行为状态错判误差率为2.5%. 相似文献
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S. Tamsanya S. Chungpaibulpatana B. Limmeechokchai 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2009,10(2):251-264
The exhaust emissions and fuel consumption rates of newly registered automobiles in Thailand are currently assessed using
the standard driving cycle of the Economic Commission of Europe (ECE). Because of the highly different driving conditions,
the assessment results may not reflect realistic amounts of emissions and fuel consumption for vehicles in Bangkok traffic,
which is well known for its congestion. The objective of this study is therefore to develop a new driving cycle for vehicles
traveling on Bangkok’s main roads during peak traffic hours. This paper first presents the development of a method for selecting
representative road routes with traffic conditions that are representative of traffic in Bangkok for conducting real-world
driving speed data collection. These real-world data are obtained by driving a car equipped with a speed-time data logger
along those selected road routes. Several driving characteristics, including various profiles of microtrips, are analyzed
from the collected speed-time data, and a number of target driving parameters are then defined for use as a set of criteria
to justify the best driving cycle. A procedure for generating driving cycles from the analyzed real-driving data is also developed,
and the method to select the cycle that is most representative of Bangkok traffic is described. Comparisons found in the study
show that the target driving parameters of the newly developed driving cycle are much closer to those obtained from the real-world
measured data than those calculated from the presently used European drive cycle. This would imply that the obtained driving
cycle will produce more realistic results of the emissions and fuel consumption assessment tests for vehicles traveling in
Bangkok. The methods developed in this study for route selection and driving cycle construction can easily be adopted by other
big cities to develop their own vehicle driving cycles. Furthermore, although the developed methods are for passenger cars,
similar approaches can be applied to develop driving cycles for other types of vehicle, such as city buses and pick-up trucks. 相似文献
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行驶跑偏是指车辆在行驶过程中偏离了原来直线驾驶的状态,不仅会影响车辆的操纵稳定性和转向性能,更可能会危及乘客的人身安全。某SUV车型从设计到生产导入阶段,进行小批量投产时,出现大量车辆向左行驶跑偏现象,合格率约为60%。经过鱼骨图排查法的人、机、料、法、环等几个方面分析,列举出15种可能造成车辆行驶跑偏的因素。经过逐一排查,发现该SUV车型存在前副车架的控制臂安装支架尺寸超差,白车身的前、后副车架安装点尺寸控制不合理,前后悬模块装配一致性差及测试道路不规范等主要问题,以上四种问题造成的偏差趋势与实际该SUV车辆向左行驶跑偏现象相符,因此需要对以上问题进行优化及改进。文章是在这个背景下,针对该SUV车型的向左行驶跑偏现象,通过对问题零部件进行交叉试验,三坐标尺寸测量以及生产线生产过程一致性的逐一排查,逐一分析了四种问题发生的根本原因,并由此提出了优化改进方案,通过对比方案实施前后的实测数据,验证优化改进方案是否可行。优化后实测行驶跑偏量,符合企业行驶跑偏判定标准,行驶跑偏现象消失并保证了该SUV车型的正式量产时间。 相似文献
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车辆AMT中道路条件及驾驶意图的模糊识别 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文论述了车辆AMT中道路条件及驾驶意图模糊识别的必要性,提出了道路条件及驾驶意图的模糊识别方法,最后给出了在AMT挡位决策中的应用实例。 相似文献
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The aim of the present study was to develop and examine the quality of the Ambulance Driver Self-assessment Questionnaire (ADSQ) and the Ambulance Driver Peer-assessment Questionnaire (ADPQ) measuring aspects of, driving performance, driving style and driving competence. In addition the ADSQ measures self-reflection and safety-attitudes. The aim of the study was also to examine ambulance drivers' self- and peer-assessments as well as to examine the accuracy of self-assessments by comparing self-assessed and peer-assessed driving performance, driving style and competence. 76 ambulance drivers employed at two ambulance stations in northern Sweden completed ADSQ and ADPQ. Item analyses were conducted to examine the psychometric properties of the items, and based on the results some revisions were made to improve the questionnaires. The revised questionnaires were functioning rather well, although some subscale demonstrated low internal consistency. Subscale inter-correlations provided support for construct validity. Self- and peer-assessments indicated safe driving performance and good driver competence, which is positive from a traffic safety perspective. A comparison of mean self- and peer-assessment ratings, controlling for age, gender and driving experience showed no significant differences, except for the subscale overtaking. This indicates that ambulance drivers' self-assessments are realistic in most areas. 相似文献
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Comparing the self-assessed and examiner-assessed driving skills of Japanese driving school students
Previous research about subjective driving skills has revealed that drivers, especially younger males, tend to rate their driving skills more highly than those of the average driver. This study examines the accuracy of Japanese novice drivers' self-evaluation of their driving skills by comparing their self-assessments with assessments made by a driving examiner. We also examined the effects of gender and age on the accuracy of driver self-evaluation of their skills. 相似文献
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