混沌理论和神经网络相结合的舰船摇荡运动极短期预报

舰船摇荡运动具有混沌特性,因而可以应用混沌理论对其进行预报.介绍了混沌时间序列预测原理;建立了基于混沌理论相空间重构技术的RBF神经网络模型,并将其用于舰船摇荡运动预报;通过对某实船纵摇时历的预报计算,证明了采用混沌和神经网络相结合的预报方法,能有效提高预报精度和延长预报时长.     

规则波浪中舰船不规则摇荡运动计算分析

采用舰船波浪中操纵性基本方法建立操纵与摇荡耦合动力学方程,简化后得到摇荡耦合动力学方程.针对文献资料进行了舰船规则斜浪中航向保持运动模拟,结果显示,规则波浪中操纵与摇荡耦合运动响应出现不规则摇荡运动现象,而摇荡耦合运动响应则不出现不规则摇荡运动现象.通过对遭遇频率的频谱分析,得到规则波浪中操纵与摇荡耦合运动的不规则响应...     

基于自适应Backstepping方法的舰船电力系统混沌控制

将自适应Backstepping方法运用到舰船电力系统的混沌运动的控制中,可以将混沌系统稳定在平衡点,从而达到对船舰电力系统混沌运动的有效控制。根据船舰电力系统应用模型,该文设计了自适应控制器,当舰船电力系统处于混沌运动时该控制器自动开启。数字仿真表明该方法能够达到迅速抑制混沌的目的。     

风浪中螺旋桨推力损失计算

舰船在风浪中摇荡时,螺旋桨推力将发生明显变化.该文提出了一种在非规则波中舰船螺旋桨推力损失的计算方法仿真表明,该方法可用于舰船失速、螺旋桨水动力性能等的分析和计算.     

风浪中螺旋桨推力损失计算

舰船在风浪中摇荡时,螺旋桨推力将发生明显变化.此文提出了一种在非规则波中舰船螺旋桨推力损失的计算方法.仿真表明,该方法可用于舰船失速、螺旋桨水动力性能等的分析和计算.     

混沌理论研究及其在舰船目标识别中的应用

为有效提取舰船目标的特征,进行舰船目标自动识别.以混沌理论为基础,研究了混沌的定义和基本特征,从混沌系统运动特征中,以实际采集的舰船辐射噪声为研究对象,找出对舰船目标识别有效利用的关联维数这一混沌特征量,对其提取算法进行研究和仿真.通过对各类舰船辐射噪声的关联维数的提取仿真实验表明,关联维数这一混沌特征量能有效对各类舰船进行分类识别,从而对水中兵器的制导系统及目标识别系统设计具有一定的借鉴意义.     

基于相空间重构和回声状态网络的舰船摇荡预报

为了改进利用传统回声状态网络(Echo Stale Network,ESN)方法预报非线性舰船摇荡时历时预报精度不足的问题,提出将相空间重构和回声状态网络相结合的方法,在依托海军某型舰实船采集摇荡数据的基础上,采用相空间重构技术提取舰船摇荡时历的内部结构信息,获取摇荡时历的相空间特性,对时历数据进行可用性筛选,然后将重构后的数据输入到回声状态网络进行学习训练,用于预报舰船极短期的摇荡姿态。利用实船数据进行不同预报时长条件下的试验仿真,并按照均方误差、均方根误差等误差标准对仿真结果进行误差分析。试验结果表明:所提方法对于舰船摇荡的预报具有精度高及稳定性强的优点,预报值与真实值相比从摇荡值和摇荡相位上都具有较好的精度,证明了该方法的可行性。     

基于多媒体技术的舰船航行环境模拟仿真分析

在对舰船航行环境模拟仿真过程中,舰船航行阻力大小很难实时同步,导致回转运动视景仿真首向角偏离。因此,提出基于多媒体技术的舰船航行环境模拟仿真分析。分析舰船航行过程中横摇和纵摇受力情况,模拟舰船摇荡运动,以风力作用和水流压力作用为主要环境参数,计算风动压力和流压力,以多媒体技术中的Vega开发软件作为仿真平台,将舰船摇荡运动数据和环境参数载入到平台中,在舰船对象模拟完成后,仿真出航行环境。实验结果表明:设计的基于多媒体技术的仿真方法在回转运动视景仿真中,没有出现首向角偏离的情况,仿真效果更好。     

基于经验模式分解的船舶摇荡运动极短期预报

针对船舶摇荡运动的非平稳、非线性特性,提出了一种基于经验模式分解的预报方法.首先通过经验模式分解方法将船舶摇荡时历分解为若干性态单一的基本模式分量,然后对这些分量分别采用最小二乘支持向量机方法进行预报,最后将各预报结果重构得到摇荡运动的预测值.对某实船摇荡时历的仿真计算表明,采用基于经验模式分解的预报方法,能有效提高预报的精度.     

舰船波浪补偿关键技术研究

海上舰船实施并靠补给的重要作业时,受海上风浪、水动力等因素的干扰,舰船在过驳过程中会产生六个自由度的波浪运动,伴随剧烈的摇荡,易造成货物补给撞击速度过大,偏离着落点,增大事故风险性。为保证过驳作业顺利进行,应采用波浪补偿技术控制摇荡运动,保证重物着舰的稳定性。本文概述舰船波浪补偿技术的原理和分类,并对波浪补偿的关键技术进行详细论述,提高我国舰船配套装备的技术水平。     

Practical estimation methods of the design loads for primary structural members of tankers

Various design loads used in the strength evaluation of ship structures have been introduced currently by classification societies. As most of these design loads have been determined as the standard loads for the sake of convenience, the relationships between the design loads and the sea states actually encountered by ships seem to be weak. Accordingly, it may be difficult to refer and utilize them as the fundamental design concepts for ship designers or the operational guidelines for ship operators. To overcome these difficulties, the authors have developed practical estimation methods of the design loads having transparent and consistent backgrounds to the actual loads acting on primary structural members of tankers. In this paper, the design sea states that closely resemble the actual sea states which are considered as the most severe for hull structures are firstly proposed. Secondly, the practical estimation methods of the design sea states are proposed by parametric studies using the results of series calculation of representative tankers. Thirdly, the practical estimation methods of design regular waves resulting in the same level of stresses with that induced in irregular waves under the design sea states are proposed. Finally, the practical estimation methods of the design loads such as ship motions, accelerations, hull girder bending moments and hydrodynamic pressures that are induced under design regular waves are proposed.     

Efficient calculation of slamming pressures on ships in irregular seas

An efficient method for calculation of the slamming pressures on ship hulls in irregular waves is presented and validated for a 290-m cruise ship. Nonlinear strip theory was used to calculate the ship–wave relative motions. The relative vertical and roll velocities for a slamming event were input to the slamming calculation program, which used a two-dimensional boundary element method (BEM) based on the generalized 2D Wagner formulation presented by Zhao et al. To improve the calculation efficiency, the method was divided into two separate steps. In the first step, the velocity potentials were calculated for unit relative velocities between the section and the water. In the next step, these precalculated velocity potentials were used together with the real relative velocities experienced in a seaway to calculate the slamming pressure and total slamming force on the section. This saved considerable computer time for slamming calculations in irregular waves, without significant loss of accuracy. The calculated slamming pressures on the bow flare of the cruise ship agreed quite well with the measured values, at least for time windows in which the calculated and experimental ship motions agreed well. A simplified method for calculation of the instantaneous peak pressure on each ship section in irregular waves is also presented. The method was used to identify slamming events to be analyzed with the more refined 2D BEM method, but comparisons with measured values indicate that the method may also be used for a quick quantitative assessment of the maximum slamming pressures.     

考虑晃荡耦合船舶运动的晃荡压力算法（英文）

The effect of coupling between sloshing and ship motions in the evaluation of slosh-induced interior pressures is studied. The coupling between sloshing loads and ship motions is modelled through a hybrid algorithm which combines a potential flow solution based on transient Green function for the external ship hydrodynamics with a viscous flow solution based on a multiphase interface capturing volume of fluid(VOF) technique for the interior sloshing motion. The coupled algorithm accounts for full nonlinear slosh forces while the external forces on the hull are determined through a blended scheme of linear radiationdiffraction with nonlinear Froude-Krylov and restoring forces. Consideration of this level of nonlinearities in ship motions is found to have non-negligible effects on the slosh-coupled responses and slosh-induced loads. A scheme is devised to evaluate the statistical measure of the pressures through long-duration simulation studies in extreme irregular waves. It is found that coupling significantly influences the tank interior pressures, and the differences in the pressures between coupled and uncoupled cases can be as much as 100% or more. To determine the RAO over the frequency range needed for the simulation studies in irregular waves, two alternative schemes are proposed, both of which require far less computational time compared to the conventional method of finding RAO at each frequency, and the merits of these are discussed.     

超大型自航抓斗挖泥船作业流程载荷分析

以大型自航抓斗挖泥船为研究对象,建立相应的水动力计算模型。主要研究抓斗挖泥作业不同阶段下船舶运动、锚泊线受力情况以及其随不同环境载荷的变化规律,为船舶安全作业提供依据。研究结果表明,船舶在抓斗旋转和卸料时最为危险,船舶横荡、横摇及各锚泊线张力受其影响很大,实际作业时应尽量保持迎浪状态,进而确保船舶作业安全。     

Characteristics of low-frequency motions of ships moored inside ports and harbors on the basis of field observations

In order to understand characteristics of low-frequency motions of ships moored inside ports and harbors, analysis on actual cargo handling logbook of stevedoring services company, including events of interruption of cargo handling, and countermeasure for ship mooring problems are investigated by field observations at two ports and numerical simulation on moored ship motions. First model port concerns with interruption of cargo handling due to the low-frequency motions. Second model port relates to a resonant effect of long-period waves or harbor oscillations, and its countermeasure by mooring system. From the investigation, it is confirmed that the low-frequency motions of ships are induced by a resonance between surge motions and long-period waves or harbor oscillations and an asymmetry in the mooring system, and affect safe ship mooring and operation efficiency of cargo handling in ports and harbors significantly.     

舰船摇摆下舰载火箭弹初始扰动可能域研究

舰船摇摆产生的过载将对舰载火箭弹的初始扰动产生影响。初始扰动是影响舰载火箭弹密集度水平的主要因素,但却无法由现有的试验水平测得。本文采用有限幅值随机激励仿真的方法,同时考虑舰船的横摇和纵摇运动,得到了不同安装位置下舰船摇摆引起的初始扰动可能域。仿真结果表明,横摇对初始扰动的影响大于纵摇对初始扰动的影响,但二者引起的初始扰动量级相同,因此对安装位置不在舰船横轴或纵轴上的舰载火箭弹的初始扰动进行计算时必须考虑舰船的纵摇运动。     

三维波对船舶运动响应影响研究

通常情况,实际海况的波浪更接近三维波,而在船舶运动预报时,目前主要考虑二维波(长峰波)中的响应,不能真正反映船舶在实际海浪中的运动.文中利用不同方法(频域方法、时域方法以及模型)研究了三维波的方向扩散性对船舶运动响应的影响.三种方法得到的三维波对船舶运动的影响是一致的.结果显示,在研究实际海况中的船舶运动时,考虑三维波的方向扩散性是非常重要的.     

Extensive study on the design loads used for strength assessment of tanker and bulk carrier structures

ClassNK has undertaken wide-ranging basic research covering many aspects related to the safety of ship structures, including design loads, structural analysis, strength assessment of buckling, collapse, and fatigue, and rational corrosion margins to develop new design standards which have transparency and consistency. Among the wide-ranging basic research, this article summarizes the results of extensive work on the design loads used for strength assessments of tanker and bulk carrier structures. The main aim of the research was to develop practical estimation methods of design loads with rational technical backgrounds relating to the actual loads acting on the primary structural members of tankers and bulk carriers. During this study, we proposed the following methodology. Design sea states that closely resemble the actual sea states which are considered to be the most severe for hull structures. Find practical estimation methods for the design sea states by parametric studies using the results of series calculations on representative tankers and bulk carriers. Find practical estimation methods for design regular waves which will result in the same level of stresses as those induced in irregular waves under the design sea states. We also briefly introduced some practical estimation methods for the design loads, such as ship motions, accelerations, hull-girder bending moments, and hydrodynamic pressures that are induced under design regular waves. The findings in this study have been summarized and implemented in the new design standards for tanker and bulk carrier structures.Updated from the Japanese original which won the 2003 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2002; 191:195–207; 2002; 191:208–220; and 2002; 192:723–733)     

URANS analysis of a broaching event in irregular quartering seas

Ship motions in a high sea state can have adverse effects on controllability, cause loss of stability, and ultimately compromise the survivability of the ship. In a broaching event, the ship losses control, naturally turning broadside to the waves, causing a dangerous situation and possibly capsizing. Classical approaches to study broaching rely on costly experimental programs and/or time-domain potential or system-based simulation codes. In this paper the ability of Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) to simulate a broaching event in irregular waves is demonstrated, and the extensive information available is used to analyze the broaching process. The demonstration nature of this paper is stressed, as opposed to a validated study. Unsteady RANS (URANS) provides a model based on first principles to capture phenomena such as coupling between sway, yaw, and roll, roll damping, effects of complex waves on righting arm, rudders partially out of the water, etc. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method uses a single-phase level-set approach to model the free surface, and dynamic overset grids to resolve large-amplitude motions. Before evaluating irregular seas two regular wave cases are demonstrated, one causing broaching and one causing stable surf riding. A sea state 8 is imposed following an irregular Bretschneider spectrum, and an autopilot was implemented to control heading and speed with two different gains for the heading controller. It is concluded that the autopilot causes the ship to be in an adverse dynamic condition at the beginning of the broaching process, and thus is partially responsible for the occurrence of the broaching event.     

Cargo ship aft panel stresses prediction by deconvolution

This article introduces novel extreme value prediction method that can be used for a variety of offshore engineering applications. First, to demonstrate the novel method, fictitious data from a non-linear Duffing oscillator and measured wave heights were used as examples. The second incident included a container ship that experienced significant deck panel strains while traveling across the Atlantic Ocean in bad weather. The main concern for cargo ship transportation is potential loss of container owing to violent movements. It is challenging to model such a situation because waves and ship motions are both non-stationary and complicatedly nonlinear. Extreme motions greatly increase the role of nonlinearities, activating effects of second and higher order.Furthermore, due to the scaling and the choice of sea state, laboratory testing may also be called into doubt. Therefore, data collected from actual ships during difficult weather voyages offers a special perspective on the statistics of ship motions.This paper aims to highlight an alternative method of extrapolation that is based on intrinsic properties of the data set itself and does not assume any extrapolation functional class. Extreme value predictions typically originate from certain statistical distribution functional classes to fit the data and then extrapolate. Engineering design can make use of the unique extrapolation method that has been proposed. The proposed method's forecast accuracy has been verified in comparison to the Averaged Conditional Exceedance Rate (ACER) extrapolation method.