自适应设计法在连续钢梁桥上的应用

笔者分析、介绍了一种新的钢结构塑性设计法－－自适应设计法（自动应力设计法）,它已成为钢桥设计中的一个新的发展方向。     

应用改进的稳健设计法分析梁柱外节点抗剪强度

介绍了改进的稳健设计法,并引入新的信噪比,考虑的因素包括混凝土强度、水平箍筋屈服强度和竖向箍筋屈服强度.用软化桁架模型分析梁柱外节点抗剪强度,并应用改进的稳健设计法对影响梁柱外节点抗剪强度的因素进行分析,得出了各种影响因素的重要程度,与田口方法相比改进的稳健设计法的分析结果与试验结果吻合较好,应用更加准确、方便.     

山区通乡公路改扩建工程设计中的新测设方法

根据黑龙江省柴莲通乡公路改扩建工程设计实践经验,讲述线位拟合法、机上移线法2种新的测设方法在改扩建工程设计中的应用和具体作法,为山区通乡公路改扩建工程设计和村村通公路建设工程设计提供借鉴。     

关于半刚性材料的开裂及新设计方法振动成型法的探讨

探讨了半刚性材料的开裂原因,根据实例阐述新的半刚性材料的设计方法振动成型法的机理和方法,阐述振动法解决半刚性材料开裂的原理。     

多皿法：液塑限联合测定的新方法

测定土的液塑限，对指导公路工程设计和施工具有重大意义，本文通过实例介绍了一种新的简便易行的方法——多皿法。     

简支转连续梁桥支座更换新技术探讨

基于目前已有的支座更换技术,针对山区的圆形高梁桥,以逐墩顶升为目标,提出一种新的支座更换方法——钢套箍法,并详细介绍钢套箍支座更换方法的基本原理以及钢套箍的设计,可为山区的圆形高墩梁桥的支座更换提供一种新的途径。     

简支转连续梁桥支座更换新技术探讨

基于目前已有的支座更换技术,针对山区的圆形高梁桥,以逐墩顶升为目标,提出一种新的支座更换方法——钢套箍法,并详细介绍钢套箍支座更换方法的基本原理以及钢套箍的设计,可为山区的圆形高墩粱桥的支座更换提供一种新的途径.     

离心通风机叶片进口边优化设计

采用流线曲率法计算了叶轮进口无叶区流场，并根据计算结果和实验验证，设计出一种新的叶片入口中型线，使沿叶片进气边冲角均匀。     

应用改进的稳健设计法分析短牛腿的抗剪承载力

介绍了改进的稳健设计法,并引入新的信噪比.用软化桁架模型分析钢筋混凝土短牛腿抗剪承载力,并应用改进的稳健设计法分析影响钢筋混凝土短牛腿抗剪承载力的几个基本因素,考虑的因素包括混凝土抗压强度、剪跨比和钢筋屈服强度.通过分析可知钢筋屈服强度这个因子对短牛腿抗剪承载力最为敏感,剪跨比和混凝土抗压强度次之.与田口方法相比改进的稳健设计法的分析结果与试验结果吻合较好,应用更加准确、方便.     

混合料配合比矿料组成设计的比例分配迭代法

针对混合料配合比设计中矿料组成设计常用方法的局限性，提出一种新的数解迭代法。该算法以设计级配的分计筛余量为分配基数，按各矿料的分计筛余值在混合料中所占的比例，计算理想状态下各矿料应提供的分计筛余值，通过迭代过程求解满足设计级配要求的混合料中各矿料的组成比例系数。与普通的试算法、正规方程法、规划求解法等数解法及图解法相比，该算法具有良好的收敛稳定性、方便实用性及较高的计算精度。     

波形钢腹板箱梁桥设计方法探讨

波形钢腹板组合箱梁桥是一种新型的钢-砼组合结构.重点介绍了波形钢腹板箱梁的截面设计、腹板构造设计、预应力体系布置、顶底板连接键设计以及主梁的变形计算等,为以后的设计提供一种方法.     

二次旋转组合设计在零件修复试验中的应用

采用二次旋转组合设计的方法进行零件修复试验,并以45钢和球墨铸铁为基材的零件镀铁修复为例,介绍二次旋转组合设计在零件修复中的具体应用,建立镀层结合强度与活化电流密度、活化时间之间的数学模型.结果表明,该方法具有试验次数少、便于分析和应用.     

Discussion on the design value of environmental condition in offshore structure design

Return period is generally adopted to calculate the design value of environmental condition in offshore structure design. However, it can not make relevant adjustment according to structure's, especially the mobile unit's, life time or its operation areas and usually make the design either insufficiently safe or rather uneconomical.A formula is developed to solve this problem in the case of the design wave height, where the risk, the design life, the distributions of wave heights in operation areas and the operating durations in each area are regarded as parameters. The applications of this method and the comparisons with the general method are presented. The result of this method is considered to be proper.     

钢檩条设计中的若干问题

轻型屋面钢檩条的竖向荷载、整体稳定性计算以及檩条与屋面梁、屋架的连接构造是设计的重要环节,本文结合规范和国家标准设计图的编制提出若干问题,供参考.     

基于疲劳等效的钢桥面铺装体系轴载换算方法

针对钢桥面铺装设计必须控制的疲劳和车辙主要破坏形式,提出了钢桥面铺装结构设计的疲劳指标与车辙指标,遵循疲劳和车辙等效轴载换算原则,应用疲劳等效原理,推导出基于疲劳等效的钢桥面铺装体系轴载换算公式。根据室内疲劳试验及力学分析结果,确定了该公式中的换算指数和其他轴型与轮组轴载换算为单轴双轮组的轴载换算系数。结果表明,对于钢桥面浇注式沥青混凝土铺装体系的轴载换算指数为4．35,对于钢桥面改性沥青SMA铺装体系的轴载换算指数为5．30,对于钢桥面环氧沥青混凝土铺装体系的轴载换算指数为6．25,在钢桥面铺装设计与验算中,经换算其结果较为精确、可行。     

钢-混凝土组合连续弯箱梁抗火性能与设计方法

为研究提高钢-混凝土组合连续弯箱梁抗火性能的策略,选取某三跨钢-混凝土组合连续弯箱梁为研究对象,利用通用有限元软件ANSYS建立了其在火灾下的三维非线性两阶段分析模型;基于已有热-结构耦合分析方法,模型考虑了钢箱梁内空腔辐射传热过程和其上翼缘与混凝土板的接触边界条件;将模型得到的预测结果与试验数据进行了比较,验证了模型...     

某大桥V形支撑结构施工方案的设计与论证

以某大桥的V形支撑施工为例,详细介绍了该大桥的V形支撑施工方案论证,并对采用的型钢支架法进行改进设计,改进后的型钢支架方案是安全、经济和快速的.     

南京四桥高弹改性沥青混凝土配合比设计研究

高弹改性沥青混凝土因其优良性能而较多的应用于钢桥面复合浇注铺装的上层,本文基于日本高弹改性沥青混凝土的配合比设计方法,结合南京第四长江大桥钢桥面铺装麒麟互通钢箱梁匝道桥试验段实际工程,确定了适合于南京四桥钢桥面铺装的高弹改性沥青混合料的配比,并对其性能进行了试验检测。     

Real-time life-cycle modular design method based on game theory for jack-up

AbstractTo study an entity the entire jack-up performs as a total system with close interdependency and high level of integration of a myriad of subsystems supporting each individual function.All subsystems should be arranged in regular geometric space with clear regional division according to their respective functions.The "building block"such as arrangement makes it feasible to apply modular design method while the integration and conflicts among subsystems offer an arena for game theoretic analysis.All the contradictions between subsystems should be resolved bye the designer.Here we present a game theoretic analysis methodology,which based on the basic principles of game theory,through the establishment of matrix-mode game models to describe and analyze engineering design tasks.By using this method the optimization process in various fields of expertise can be effectively coordinated and controlled,and the parallel design patterns can be achieved to some extent.Taking account of the impact of commercial or technical activities in platform’s life cycle,time line is considered in the early stage of design process which provides more convenience for effcient upgrade and reconfiguration.Some second-hand three-legged jack-up upgrade design process is used as an example to illustrate the utility of the method.     

Robust expected violation criterion for constrained robust design problems and its application in automotive lightweight design

Metamodeling techniques are commonly used to replace expensive computer simulations in robust design problems. Due to the discrepancy between the simulation model and metamodel, a robust solution in the infeasible region can be found according to the prediction error in constraint responses. In deterministic optimizations, balancing the predicted constraint and metamodeling uncertainty, expected violation (EV) criterion can be used to explore the design space and add samples to adaptively improve the fitting accuracy of the constraint boundary. However in robust design problems, the predicted error of a robust design constraint cannot be represented by the metamodel prediction uncertainty directly. The conventional EV-based sequential sampling method cannot be used in robust design problems. In this paper, by investigating the effect of metamodeling uncertainty on the robust design responses, an extended robust expected violation (REV) function is proposed to improve the prediction accuracy of the robust design constraints. To validate the benefits of the proposed method, a crashworthiness-based lightweight design example, i.e. a highly nonlinear constrained robust design problem, is given. Results show that the proposed method can mitigate the prediction error in robust constraints and ensure the feasibility of the robust solution.