共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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This research studied and compared different construction techniques for the road subgrade, embankment and pavement of different types of roundabout intersections in order to assess their environmental sustainability. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was carried out on double lane, turbo- and flower roundabouts.We considered virgin materials and reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) for the pavement construction. Also the environmental effects due to in situ lime stabilization of fine-grained soils were assessed in order to reduce the use of virgin material in road subgrades.The use of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) can lead to a significant reduction in pollutant emissions and energy consumption (especially due to the lesser material transport) – though with a slightly different impact according to the different percentages employed – compared to the pavements constructed with virgin materials. The same consideration can be made for fine soils with in situ lime stabilization: on the one hand, the technique allows to improve significantly the mechanical properties of soils which would be otherwise dumped and, on the other, to provide considerable environmental benefits. The life cycle assessment of the pavement was carried out with the help of the PaLATE software (by comparing different maintenance scenarios) while emissions and energy consumption in the use phase at intersections were evaluated by means of closed-form models (to estimate vehicle delays and speeds of vehicles) and the COPERT software.Finally, the generalized costs covered in the whole life cycle of roundabouts (i.e. sum of construction, maintenance and environmental costs) were assessed and associated to the different construction options. 相似文献
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文章基于对沥青混合料路用性能的分析,从原材料的选择、施工工艺、管理办法及施工控制等方面,论述了沥青混凝土路面病害产生的原因,提出了病害的处治措施及控制技术。 相似文献
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This paper seeks to use life cycle assessment to investigate the comparative environmental impacts of two proposed bridge designs for the new Mjøsa Bridge over Lake Mjøsa in Norway. The Norwegian Public Roads Administration has designed one timber and one concrete alternative for the 1650 m 4-lane highway bridge. If the timber bridge design is chosen, it will be the longest timber bridge in the world once constructed.The main motivation for building the timber bridge is to utilize local industry and to reduce environmental impacts in road infrastructure. This study aims to determine the expected emissions from both construction designs by using life cycle assessment. Life cycle assessment studies on smaller timber bridges have been carried out in the past with favorable results towards timber designs, but no bridge of this scale has been built and therefore a more comprehensive study is required to confirm if a timber bridge of this size is a sustainable choice for transport infrastructure.The results of the study show that the timber bridge has significantly lower emissions than the concrete bridge across all impact categories included in the scope of this study. Additional environmental gains can be made from end-of-life treatment of materials. This study shows that large scale timber bridge designs should be considered for future road projects. 相似文献
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China has built the world’s largest High Speed Rail (HSR) network. Its environmental impacts have been examined by the means of life cycle assessment (LCA) which describes the whole picture of the HSR system instead of single stages, with a case study for the high-speed railway that links Beijing and Shanghai. The research employs the China-specific life cycle inventory database Chinese Core Life Cycle Database (CLCD). Vehicle operation dominates most impact categories, while vehicle manufacturing/maintenance/disposal and infrastructure construction contribute mostly to mineral consumption (43% and 38%) and organic compounds in water (54% for infrastructure construction). Several scenarios are developed to explore effects of changes in HSR development, utilization, electricity mix, and infrastructure planning and construction. Suggestions are provided for improving the life cycle environmental performance of China’s HSR systems. 相似文献
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Maged Dessouky Mansour Rahimi Merrill Weidner 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2003,8(6):433-465
In certain fleet systems, the environmental impacts of operation are, to some extent, a controllable function of vehicle routing and scheduling decisions. However, little prior work has considered environmental impacts in fleet vehicle routing and scheduling optimization, in particular, where the impacts were assessed systematically utilizing life-cycle impact assessment methodologies such as those described by the Society of Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology. Here a methodology is presented for the joint optimization of cost, service, and life-cycle environmental consequences in vehicle routing and scheduling, which we develop for a demand-responsive (paratransit or dial-a-ride) transit system. We demonstrate through simulation that, as a result of our methodology, it is possible to reduce environmental impacts substantially, while increasing operating costs and service delays only slightly. 相似文献
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文章通过对肇庆市国道G321线高要市小湘至封开涌口段路面大修工程实例进行分析,介绍了该路段在旧水泥混凝土路面上加铺沥青混凝土路面的设计方案、施工及质量控制方法,为此类工程提供借鉴。 相似文献
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底面层是沥青路面结构层中承上启下的重要层位,文章结合六宜路沥青路面施工实例,以骨架密实型为目标对底面层沥青混合料配合比进行了优化设计分析,并通过室内试验与施工质量检测,验证了生产配合比优化后的沥青混合料的路用性能与施工质量。 相似文献
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在沥青混凝土路面施工工艺中,温度、摊铺厚度以及压实度的良好控制是确保沥青路面质量的重要保证,从而使公路沥青路面检测在施工质量控制与保障方面显得尤为重要。文章开发设计出一种沥青路面检测机器人,替代沥青路面检测人员的人工检测职能,以求降低劳动强度,减少高温、核子仪带来的各种风险,提高施工安全性能以及沥青路面施工质量。 相似文献
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沥青混凝土路面的结构设计及施工过程中对离析缺陷的控制,直接决定沥青混凝土面层的路面使用性能和使用寿命。文章结合G321国道肇庆市西段路面大修工程沥青混凝土路面的结构设计及施工工艺,介绍了在沥青混凝土路面施工过程中如何加强对离析等路面缺陷的控制。 相似文献
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Brendan O&#x;Donnell Anne Goodchild Joyce Cooper Toshi Ozawa 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2009,14(7):487-492
This life cycle assessment case study puts the supply chain contribution of transportation to greenhouse gas emissions in context with other contributors using American wheat grain as a representative product. Multiple locations, species and routes to market are investigated. Transportation contributes 39–56% of the supply chain emissions, whereas there is a 101% intra-species and 62% inter-species variation in greenhouse gas emissions from production, demonstrating that transportation is both of smaller magnitude, and less sensitive than other factors, in particular, field sequestration. 相似文献
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Murat KucukvarOmer Tatari 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2012,17(1):86-90
An ecologically-based hybrid life cycle assessment model is used to evaluate the resource consumption and atmospheric emissions of continuously reinforced concrete and a hot-mix asphalt pavements. The cumulative mass and ecological resource consumption values are lower for continuously reinforced concrete, but the median values of cumulative energy and industrial energy consumption were lower for hot-mix asphalt. In addition, the use of reclaimed asphalt pavement results in a higher sensitivity for the ecological resource consumption of hot-mix asphalt compared to that of fly ash when use on the natural capital utilization of continuously reinforced concrete pavement. The cumulative and industrial exergy consumption values are significantly reduced with increases in reclaimed asphalt pavement and fly ash, and the use of low fuel transportation modes. 相似文献
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This paper provides an assessment of the lifecycle Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions associated with the four most common sleeper (railroad tie or cross-tie in North America) types present in the UK rail network. It estimates the embodied material, process and transport emissions linked with the lifecycle activities of construction, relay/renewal and end-of-life of these variants at low and high traffic tonnage. The analysis suggests that at low traffic loads, the softwood sleepers perform the best over the whole simulated-period. At high traffic loads, the concrete sleepers outperform all other variants in terms of lifecycle CO2e emissions, followed by hardwood, softwood and steel. Regardless of the scenario examined, the steel sleepers perform the worst due to the carbon intensive nature of their manufacturing process. This performance gap is amplified at high traffic loads, as their service life is excessively compromised. The analysis reveals that the end-of-life pathway of timber is a critical determinant of its footprint. Results suggest that the impact of disposing of these sleepers results in their footprint being magnified. Nevertheless, if a minimum of 50% follows the combustion pathway with subsequent heat recuperation, then a GHG reduction potential of between 11% and 18% of their footprint is feasible. From a whole-lifecycle cost lens, for higher tonnage routes, the choice of concrete sleepers results in considerable financial savings. If the infrastructure manager was to install sleepers with stiff under sleeper pads (USPs), it may achieve additional economic and GHG savings, with potential for increasing the latter using recycled carbon-neutral USPs. 相似文献
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文章结合新疆地区的气候特点,分析了新疆公路沥青路面裂缝产生的主要原因,并从设计、施工、材料、社会因素等方面入手提出了相应的裂缝防治措施。 相似文献
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文章结合国道322线全州-桂林段旧水泥混凝土路面改造工程实例,阐述了沥青混凝土加铺层设计原则,以及沥青混凝土加铺层在施工过程中的技术要求和质量控制重点. 相似文献