How reliable is the bureau of motor carrier safety truck accident data?

This paper examines the degree of compliance with the accident reporting requirements imposed by the Bureau of Motor Carrier Safety (BMCS) of the U.S. Department of Transportation on motor carriers involved in interstate and foreign transport. It also examines the reliability and validity of the accident information reported by these carriers to the BMCS. The study shows that there is a high degree of accident underreporting, especially by the private and exempt carriers, and that the information reported on variables such as cargo weight, gross vehicle weights, and usage of seat belts at the time of accident, is biased toward the interests of the reporters of the accidents.     

Air carrier demand

Modeling air carrier demand is instrumental to understanding the relative importance of competitive forces that shape the airline environment and determine a carrier's market share. This paper develops a conceptual framework for analyzing carrier demand in a competitive context and applies that framework to study air carrier choice. This framework can be used by carriers to assess the market share and revenue implications of service design, pricing, marketing, and promotional strategies. We adopt an individual traveler choice approach to identify and measure the relative importance of factors which influence air travel demand. Travelers' patterns of air travel, perceptions of carrier service, frequent-flyer program membership, and carrier choice behavior are used to estimate models of individual carrier choice. These models indicate the importance of carrier presence in the origin market, carrier service in a city pair market (share of flights), carrier quality of service reflected in ratings by individual travelers, and traveler loyalty reflected in frequent-flyer program membership on carrier choice. The importance of these variables and the specific quantitative relationship estimated, can be used to estimate the market share impact of service design, pricing, marketing, and promotional changes. The empirical results of this study demonstrate the dramatic impact of frequent-flyer program participation on carrier choice for individual flights. These effects are particularly strong among the most important air carrier market, the frequent business traveler.     

锻造节约型运输

运输业尚难融入节约型社会 20年之前,交通部的开放政策彻底改变了公路运输业的格局.20年之后,交通运输事业成绩斐然,截止2005年底,全国公路总里程达到193.05万公里,高速公路总里程达到4.1万公里,19个省市区的高速公路突破了1000公里,路网结构日益完善.     

加快发展道路运输民营经济

国有经济的战略性调整和国有企业战略性改组,以及交通部结构调整的要求,为民营运输经济的发展带来了机遇.现有的运输市场主体,特别是客运企业,大多为国有专业运输企业,政企不分,行业保护与垄断较普遍.形势的发展呼唤从培育合格的市场主体入手来培育、规范运输市场,大力发展民营经济,从源头上营造行业的公平竞争环境,提高整体竞争力、服务质量和文明程度,建立统一、开放、竞争、有序的道路运输市场体系.     

Deregulating the bus industry in Britain: a reply

In the last four years, some 20 urban areas in the UK have commissioned or considered conducting Integrated Transport Studies, which are designed to develop a transport strategy for the next 20–30 years. Such studies represent a new approach to transport policy formulation, since they respond to a vision of the future for the area, treat a wide range of transport and land use policy instruments, emphasize synergy between those instruments, and provide a framework for facilitating action rather than a rigid blueprint for the future. They also differ from past studies in the speed with which they have been conducted, and in the analytical techniques which have made this possible. This paper reviews the background to these studies, the evaluation approach adopted, the policy instruments considered and the analytical methods developed for the studies. It concludes with an assessment of the policy implications stressing in particular the need to reduce trip length, the crucial impact of pricing as an instrument of transport policy, the importance of achieving synergy in strategy development, and the requirement for a common basis for evaluating and financing different transport policy instruments.     

Strategic management of organizational turnarounds in the transit industry

The traditional wisdom that there are increasing returns to scale among bus transit systems has been shaken with recent research findings. The implication from the literature is that unless many transit systems restructure along new organizational lines the financial and service provision difficulties will continue. Very few public transit systems have attempted to strategically manage change and turnaround organizationally.The objectives of this research were to identify the salient factors in organizational turnarounds and to determine whether these factors were evident within transit organizations that have attempted to manage change strategically. The author reviewed the corporate turnaround literature and conducted four case studies of strategic planning/management within the transit industry.All four cases exhibited organizational declines or perceived declines as imminent. They initiated turnarounds through reorganizations and efforts at strategic management. The reorganizations that occurred at all four cases were relatively minor, involving some changes in function. Only minor changes in management occurred and commitment to strategic management varied. Strategic objectives were not quantifiable. All of the cases could have improved their communication below the middle-management levels. The measures of performance in general did not relate a specific strategy and program to a particular turnaround effect. Through management commitment and some minor organizational restructuring two cases achieved some degree of turnaround. Total commitment to strategic management, organizational change, adequate communication, and accurate performance measures are keys to definitive turnarounds.     

道路客运承运人免责事由

道路客运承运人承担着在约定或合理期间内将旅客安全运输到约定地点的任务.如果承运人未能全面、完整地履行这一义务,是否就一定要承担违约责任和赔偿责任?何种情况下可以免责呢?     

从休闲产业说到游艺机

近年来,随着人民生活水平的提高,旅游和休闲娱乐开始提到议事日程上来.休闲亦称余暇,英文称Leisure,休闲产业是一项新兴产业,它是社会经济和人民生活水平不断发展和提高的必然结果.它是为了满足人们除工作、学习之外,调节人们的生活和心理状态的消费,它是集文化娱乐、康体健身、艺术博览、动植物观赏、饮食文化、休闲度假、旅游观光等于一体的产业.     

汽车租赁业,你准备好了吗?--我国汽车租赁业的现状、问题与对策

1989年北京筹办亚运会之际,第一家汽车租赁公司成立.1995年,北京出现第一家针对个人的计时汽车租赁公司.随后,全国各大省会城市大小不等的汽车租赁公司如雨后春笋般出现.截至目前,全国的汽车租赁公司大约有400家,可供租赁的汽车40000多辆.可以说,我国的汽车租赁行业已经进入一段飞速发展的时期.     

机动车数缘何成谜?

日前,审计人员在养路费征收、管理、使用情况专项审计调查中发现,交通、交警、农机等部门的车辆管理基础工作比较薄弱.     

货运服务业地方保护破局

地方保护的表现 当前货运服务业还存在哪些地方保护? 浙江省的绝大多数地方对货运配载、货运代理等货运服务业采取备案制管理.总体上来说,浙江的货运服务业是开放的,但是仍存在地方保护的现象,主要表现为两种形式:一是当地政府保护下的地方保护,如一些依托商品市场建立起来的货运市场,当地政府一股设有市场管理委员会进行封闭式专线管理,并严格控制货运市场及周边市场进入,有的甚至几年内没有新审批进入者;二是不透明管理引起的地方保护,如个别地方对外声称开放,但是进入程序和需要条件不公开,存在很大的人为因素,一旦有新经营者准备进入时又变相阻扰.     

国内汽车租赁业:低迷中求出路

安飞士和赫兹这样的国际汽车租赁公司在世界市场是一直叱咤风云,但是在中国却一直没有太大起色.最近他们又在美国高调推出新的租赁计划来刺激需求,而在中国市场一直没有达到预期的进展.     

班线开发中的资源整合

长途班线除了经营主体多小散、竞争过度、集约化程度低下外,还面临着铁路全面提速的压力.长途班线的开发应具有前瞻性和可行性,老线的整合和长线的改造势在必行."网络整合、共享市场、系统集成"是公路长途客运资源有效配置的内在要求.