Online Delay—Evaluation Control for Networked Control Systems

This paper presented an evaluation approach of time delays for networked control systems (NCS). An improved scheme based on optimal LQG control was designed to achieve desired performance despite the uncertain delays in the system. The experimental results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control design and satisfactory performance of the closed-loop system.     

Adaptive robust control for an active heave compensation system

Active heave compensation systems are usually employed in offshore and deep-sea operations to reduce the adverse impact of unexpected vessel’s vertical motion on the response of underwater instruments.This paper presents a control strategy for an active heave compensation system consisting of an electro-hydraulic system driven by a double rod actuator,which is subjected to parametric uncertainties and unmeasured environmental disturbances.Adaptive observer and discontinuous projection type updating law with bounded adaption rate are presented firstly to estimate the uncertain system parameters.Then a similar estimation algorithm is designed by using a multiple delayed version of the system to enhance the performance of parameter observation.A reduced order observer is also introduced to estimate unknown wave disturbances.Using the obtained uncertainty information,the resulting control development and stability analysis are implemented based on the Lyapunov’s direct method and back-stepping technique.The proposed controller guarantees the heave compensation error convergent to a bounded neighborhood around the origin.Simulations illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed control system.     

H_∞ Inverse Optimal Adaptive Fault-Tolerant Attitude Control for Flexible Spacecraft with Input Saturation

An adaptive inverse optimal attitude controller for flexible spacecraft with fault-free actuator is designed based on adaptive control Lyapunov function and inverse optimal methodology subjected to unknown parameter uncertainties,external disturbances and input saturation.The partial loss of actuator effectiveness and the additive faults are considered simultaneously to deal with actuator faults,and the prior knowledge of bounds on the effectiveness factors of the actuators is assumed to be unknown.A fault-tolerant control version is designed to handle the system with actuator fault by introducing a parameter update law to estimate the lower bound of the partial loss of actuator effectiveness faults.The proposed fault-tolerant attitude controller ensures robustness and stabilization,and it achieves H_∞ optimality with respect to a family of cost functionals.The usefulness of the proposed algorithms is assessed and compared with the conventional approaches through numerical simulations.     

Robust intelligent control design for marine diesel engine

This work deals with the nonlinear control of a marine diesel engine by use of a robust intelligent control strategy based on cerebellar model articulation controller （CMAC）. A mathematical model of diesel engine propulsion system is presented. In order to increase the accuracy of dynamical speed, the mathematical model of engagement process based on the law of energy conservation is proposed. Then, a robust cerebellar model articulation controller is proposed for uncertain nonlinear systems. The concept of active disturbance rejection control （ADRC） is adopted so that the proposed controller has more robustness against uncertainties. Finally, the proposed controller is applied to engine speed control system. Both the model of the diesel engine propulsion system and of the control law are validated by a virtual detailed simulation environment. The prediction capability of the model and the control efficiency are clearly shown.     

Nonlinear Predictive Control for PEMFC Stack Operation Temperature

Operating temperature of proton exchange membrane fuel ceil stack should be controlled within a special range. The input-output data and operating experiences were used to establish a PEMFC stack model and operating temperature control system. A nonlinear predictive control algorithm based on fuzzy model was presented for a family of complex system with severe nonlinearity such as PEMFC. Based on the obtained fuzzy model, a discrete optimization of the control action was carried out according to the principle of Branch and Bound method. The test results demonstrate the effectiveness and advantage of this approach.     

Operation Modes and Control Schemes for Internet-Based Teleoperation System with Time Delay

Teleoperation system plays an important role in executing task under hazard environment. As the computer networks such as the Internet are being used as the communication channel of teleoperation system, varying time delay causes the overall system unstable and reduces the performance of transparency. This paper proposed twelve operation modes with different control schemes for teleoperation on the Internet with time delay. And an optimal operation mode with control scheme was specified for teleoperation with time delay, based on the tradeoff between passivity and transparency properties. It experimentally confirmed the validity of the proposed optimal mode and control scheme by using a simple one DOF master-slave manioulator system.     

Design of rail pressure tracking controller for novel fuel injection system

This paper proposes a rail pressure tracking controller based on a novel common rail system. A mathematical model, based on physical equations, is developed and used for feed forward control design. Rail pressure peak sampling mechanism is designed to remove the disturbance of rail pressure due to fuel injection. An enhanced tracking differentiator is designed to get smooth tracking signal and exact differential signal from signal with noise. Double loop control strategy is designed to decouple the system and to improve dynamic performance of the system. Experimental results indicate that fluctuation of rail pressure is within ±1 MPa in steady condition, while within ±3 MPa in transient condition, which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed rail pressure control strategy.     

PSCAD based multi-infeed HVDC system simulation validated by a recorded fault

More and more high voltage direct current （HVDC） converters are being located in a load area in the Yangtze River Delta Region in China. It＇s large transmission capacity and intensive placement are hardly seen in other countries. Accurate and reliable study tools and methods are extremely needed for power system engineers and researchers to deal with such problems which were never met before and otherwhere. A novel approach on electromagnetic modeling of alternating current / direct current （AC/DC） system is proposed and simulation is carried out to replay a real AC 3-phase to ground fault on a multi-infeed high voltage direct current （MIHVDC） system. AC system is specially simplified. Dynamic models and real parameters are adopted in main AC/DC equipments concerned and retained. Modeling and simulation are based on the power system computer aided design/electro-magnetic transient in direct current （PSCAD/EMTDC） system software package. Comparisons between simulation results and the records from the fault recorders are studied including both AC and DC quantities.     

Development of an Autonomous Flight Control System for Small Size Unmanned Helicopter Based on Dynamical Model

It is devoted to the development of an autonomous flight control system for small size unmanned helicopter based on dynamical model. At first, the mathematical model of a small size helicopter is described. After that simple but effective MTCV control algorithm was proposed. The whole flight control algorithm is composed of two parts: orientation controller based on the model for rotation dynamics and a robust position controller for a double integrator. The MTCV block is also used to achieve translation velocity control. To demonstrate the performance of the presented algorithm, simulation results and results achieved in real flight experiments were presented.     

Dynamic modeling and active control of a strap-on launch vehicle

Dynamic modeling and active control of a strap-on launch vehicle are studied in this paper. In the dynamic modeling, the double-compatible free-interface modal synthesis method is used to establish dynamic model of the system, and its model precision is compared with those of finite element method(FEM), fixedinterface modal synthesis method and free-interface modal synthesis method. In the active control, the swing angle of rocket motor is used as design variable, and the control law design based on the model of mass center motion is adopted to validate the system. Simulation results indicate that the double-compatible model synthesis method can properly approximate the FEM which is used as the benchmark solution, and the model precision of the double-compatible modal synthesis method is obviously higher than those of the fixed-interface and freeinterface modal synthesis methods. Based on the control law design, the deflection of mass center of the launch vehicle is very small.     

Adaptive path following controller of underactuated ships using serret-frenet frame

This paper presents an adaptive path following control law to steer underactuated ships along a predefined path at a constant forward speed with uncertain parameters due to changes of added mass matrices. The proposed controller is based on analytic model predictive control and model reference adaptive control. The Serret-Frenet frame is used to describe the ship dynamics. The analytic model predictive control provides a systematic method rather than try-and-error method to get appropriate control parameters to guarantee the stability of the closed-loop system, and the well-defined relative degree is guaranteed by introducing output-redefinition. An identification algorithm based on model reference adaptive control is used to identify the uncertain parameters. Numerical simulations are provided to demonstrate the validity of the proposed control law.     

基于反馈线性化的船舶航向保持模糊自适应控制

针对诺宾（Norbin）非线性船舶模型,基于反馈线性化方法和由径向基函数（RBF）神经网络构建的模糊系统的逼近能力,提出了基于反馈线性化的船舶航向保持模糊自适应控制算法。运用泰勒级数展开的线性化技术,使模糊系统的所有参数均可实时调节,引入了鲁棒控制消除模糊逼近系统带来的误差,在李雅普诺夫稳定性理论的基础上导出了自适应控制率。该算法可以确保闭环系统渐近稳定,使系统的模型跟踪误差为0,优于传统的PID控制策略,具有良好的自适应能力。     

Path following control of underactuated ships based on unscented Kalman filter

A path following controller is proposed to force an underactuated surface ship which is suffering from disturbance to follow a predefined path.The controller is based on analytic model predictive control and unscented Kalman filter(UKF) techniques.The analytic model predictive control provides a systematic method to get appropriate controller parameters to guarantee the stability of the closed-loop system,and the well-defined relative degree is guaranteed by introducing output-redefinition.The UKF is used t...     

船舶进出港低速航向保持

为了在船舶进出港时,船舶处于浅水域并以低速航行,在风、浪等强扰动作用下,增强航向控制性能,减小能源损耗,选择三阶Nomoto模型,将航速和水深变化反映到模型参数的变化上,基于闭环增益成形算法设计出一种具有适应性的鲁棒PID控制器,建立基于风、浪干扰的非线性船舶运动数学模型,并用S函数来实现。用PID控制器对非线性船舶运动数学模型进行控制,在Simulink环境中对各种水深、船速及海况进行航向控制仿真。从仿真曲线可看出其航向跟踪效果良好,静差为0,且施舵合理,所设计的控制器对非线性船舶运动数学模型具有良好的控制性能。     

基于线性矩阵不等式的船舶动力定位滑模控制

为了解决具有非线性和环境干扰的船舶动力定位系统的控制问题, 提出了一种基于线性矩阵不等式的滑模控制算法; 将跟踪误差设计为滑模函数, 设计线性矩阵不等式, 求解状态反馈增益; 基于二次型Lyapunov函数证明了闭环系统的稳定性; 设计切换函数, 使系统对不确定性和外加干扰具有较强的鲁棒性, 避免出现抖振现象; 对基于线性矩阵不等式的滑模控制器进行仿真, 计算出动力定位船舶在无扰动的匀速运动和有外界环境扰动的变速运动2种不同情况下的前进速度、横荡速度、艏向角速度、前进加速度、横荡加速度、艏向角加速度、前进控制力、横荡控制力和艏向控制力矩等; 分析了状态反馈增益线性矩阵、边界层、切换项增益等参数对控制性能的影响。研究结果表明: 采用基本滑模控制使前进速度达到期望值所需的上升时间为29s, 而新算法为15s, 节约了48.28%;采用基本滑模控制使横荡速度达到期望值所需的上升时间为24s, 而新算法为14s, 节约了41.67%;采用基本滑模控制使艏向角速度达到期望值所需的上升时间为13s, 而新算法为10s, 节约了23.08%。可见, 设计的控制器对有非线性和环境干扰的船舶动力定位系统都具有较强的鲁棒性, 具有控制输入连续、控制抖振小、不存在过高增益等特点。      

基于预瞄驾驶员模型的车辆操控稳定性分析

建立了高效、能适应复杂路况的驾驶员模型,以空间方程形式给出了一种基于最大预瞄距离的驾驶员模型;将驾驶员模型、汽车运动学模型及稳定性控制系统有机结合,采用最优控制理论方法,分析了基于该模型的人-车-路闭环控制系统的指数稳定性条件;运用仿真软件MATALB/Simulink建立了4轮车辆驾驶员模型,仿真结果验证了所建立的驾...     

船舶航向不对称信息理论与非线性逆推鲁棒控制算法

应用不对称信息理论和鲁棒控制算法简化非线性逆推算法,针对非线性船舶航向保持系统,设计了其Backstepping逆推控制器,由非线性函数项和常规线性控制器组成,将简化的Back-stepping法与闭环增益成形算法相结合,设计其非线性鲁棒控制器。通过非线性鲁棒控制器的控制能够使船舶无超调、无静差地跟踪设定航向,调节时间为600 s,符合船舶航行的实际情况,控制效果良好;当系统增加干扰后,系统的控制输出除了因干扰产生的抖动外,其跟踪性能仍然较好,航向输出无静差,说明控制器具有一定的鲁棒性;是否全部对消非线性项,对其控制效果相差不大,说明当模型发生参数摄动时,系统的控制性能仍能保证。     

Stability Study of Cable-Suspended Stewart Platform

The control stability of the end manipulator of a cable-suspended Stewart platform in disturbance was studied by combination of the multi-body system dynamics and control theory and the eigensystem realization algorithm (ERA). The corresponding closed-loop vibration control strategies were suggested based on position prediction with PD (proportional plus derivative) control.Numerical simulation was made on a scale model to study the vibration control effects of the stewart platform with flexible suspension, including system response to step load, system response to cyclic load, and instability. Then, experiments for Stewart platform with cable suspension were designed to study the actual control effects and validate the validity of numerical simulation. The results show that the experimental results agree with the simulation results well, and the the system has a fairly good control effect to the end manipulator. Therefore, a preliminary conclusion can be made that it is feasible using the Stewart platform as the vibration control platform of the flexible support system, by position prediction of the base platform and PD feedback control law.     

船舶航向非线性系统的输出反馈鲁棒控制

考虑船舶航向控制系统模型中存在非线性，假设模型参数和外界干扰有界的情况下，首先利用Lyapunov稳定性模型，提出了一种状态反馈鲁棒控制新算法的自动舵设计，进而考虑到实际船舶上，在进行航向控制时，并不是所有船舶运动状态都是可测的，仅有航向是可测的，采用一种高增益状态观测器对状态进行重构，提出了输出反馈鲁棒控制自动舵设计，以大连海事大学远洋实习船“育龙轮”为例，进行了输出反馈鲁棒控制自动舵设计，并利用Matlab工具箱进行了仿真研究，结果证明该算法是十分有效的。     

基于自适应动态面的航向跟踪控制器设计

针对船舶航向控制非线性系统模型中存在的不确定性和外界干扰的影响,采用动态面控制算法设计了一种鲁棒自适应控制器。由于在反步法设计过程中加入了一阶低通滤波器使得该方法无需对模型非线性多次微分,因而设计方法简单。所设计的鲁棒自适应控制器不仅能保证闭环系统的半全局渐近稳定,使得输出渐进跟踪期望轨迹;而且,跟踪误差可以通过控制器的设计参数加以调整。以中远集装箱船COSCO Shanghai号为例进行仿真研究,结果证明所设计的控制器是有效的。