Basic studies on accuracy management systems based on estimating welding deformations

Accuracy management concerns various aspects of all assembly industries, e.g., final product quality, manufacturing efficiency, and manufacturing costs. In the near future, accuracy management will be even more important in manufacturing systems because of mechanization and automation. This paper considers the concept of computer-aided accuracy management systems, which are based on the concept of integrated manufacturing systems. We propose two management systems, accuracy planning and accuracy estimation, and concentrate on accuracy planning. A model of welding deformations and an easy estimation method for such deformations by computer analysis using the finite element method (FEM) are described. A prototype system based on the accuracy management concept was implemented in the authors' integrated manufacturing systems, and some examples of estimating welding deformations are given here. Translation of an article that appeared in the Journal of The Society of Naval Architects of Japan, vol. 181 (1997): The original article won the SNAJ prize, which is awarded annually to the best papers selected from the SNAJ Journal, JMST, or other quality journals in the field of naval architecture and ocean engineering.     

双层底分段建造过程的方案选优

介绍了双层底分段的七种建造方案，对建造流程进行了分析，并以韩国大宇的一个实际双层底分段的建造为例，用建造时间，建造工时以及其他若干评判准则比较了不同方法的优劣，找出最优的建造方案。     

Locomotion by mechanical pectoral fins

The objectives of this study were the development of a new device for maneuvering an underwater vehicle using the mechanism of a fish swimming, an experimental and theoretical analysis of the hydrodynamic characteristics of the device, and its application to maneuvering a fish robot. Observations and experimental analysis of the pectoral fins of a black bass (Micropterus salmoides) revealed that the locomotion of the fish, such as swimming forward at low speed, swimming backward, and turning in a horizontal plane is generated by using a combination of a feathering motion and a lead-lag motion of the pectoral fins. A mechanical pectoral fin making a feathering motion and a lead-lag motion generates a thrust force in a range of phase differences between both motions. The unsteady vortex lattice method, including the effect of viscosity, can express fairly well the unsteady forces acting on the mechanical pectoral fin in the range of phase differences where it exerts the thrust force. The fish robot, consisting of a model fish body and a pair of mechanical pectoral fins, can not only swim forward and turn in almost the same position, but can also swim in a lateral direction without changing the yaw angle. Translation of an article that appeared in the Journal of The Society of Naval Architects of Japan, vol. 182 (1997): The original article won the SNAJ prize, which is awarded annually to the best papers selected from the SNAJ Journal, JMST, or other quality journals in the field of naval architecture and ocean engineering.     

4000t起重船电力系统设计

基于一型自航起重船,回顾总结了4 000 t起重船电力系统设计的要点:首先根据推进系统的配置及布置情况,为满足DP-2船的设计规范要求,确定采用独立的推进电网设计方案;接着着重介绍电力系统中各关键设备的配置及其特有性能,包括公共直流母线系统、电动机发电机组在本项目上的应用情况;然后结合4 000 t起重船配电网络的构架对各工况下的供电模式进行说明,并对功率管理系统的应用及主要功能进行阐述。     

A study on flow field around full ship forms in maneuvering motion

To estimate the maneuvering ability of a ship, an accurate estimation of the hydrodynamic forces and moment acting on the ship's hull is indispensable. For the purpose of developing a numerical method of computing the viscous flow field around a hull and evaluating its validity, the hydrodynamic pressure on the hull and the velocity field were measured. Two full ship models with different hull forms in the aft part were used for the experiment. From the results of pressure measurements, the distribution of hydrodynamic lateral forces was obtained. The simulation method is a numerical solution of the Navier-Stokes equation based on a finitevolume method and applied to the maneuvering motion. The measured and computed results agree qualitatively well, and the method is a valuable tool for estimating the maneuvering ability of a ship. The typical characteristics of the flow field in the steady turning condition are revealed by the numerical simulation, and the mechanism of the relations between hull form, flow field, and hydrodynamic forces are clarified.Translation and combination of articles that appeared in the Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Japan, vols. 176, 177, 179 (1994–1996): The original article won the SNAJ prize, which is awarded annually to the best papers selected from the SNAJ Journal, JMST, or other quality journals in the field of naval architecture and ocean engineering.This work was conducted as part of the joint SR221 project supported by JSRA (Shipbuilding Research Association of Japan). The authors express their sincere gratitude to the persons concerned, and especially to M. Kanai, S. Eguchi, S. Usami, K. Tatsumi, and T. Kawamura.     

湿法施工在大型船坞工程中的应用

介绍大连新船重工30万吨船坞扩建工程项目设计方案和施工技术特点,该工程是我国首例大型船坞采用湿法施工,无论是设计还是施工,都进行了突破性的尝试,为采用湿法施工的船坞工程的设计和施工提供了宝贵的经验。     

现代船用螺旋桨设计应用程序研究

通过建立在现代螺旋桨数值升方面理论一涡格法基础上的计算程序的数值试验，对照实验数据，改进了程序计算结果的准确性。应用程序设计了螺旋桨，并进行了模型试验，螺旋桨的推进和空泡性能符合设计要求，进一步证明了设计程序的实用性和可靠性。为了方便应用程序，采用混合编程形式，构成现代螺旋桨实用程序包。该程序包可以完成螺旋桨理论设计、水动力性能计算、最佳侧斜选择和绘制螺旋桨图纸等工作。     

800吨自升式风电安装平台的设计特点

800吨自升式风电安装平台是上海振华重工(集团)股份有限公司为江苏龙源振华海洋工程公司设计研发建造的一种新型风电安装平台。本文从总体布置、重量重心控制、锚泊系统、消防系统等方面介绍了该船的设计特点。     

计算机辅助船体分段吊装强度计算方法及系统开发

分段吊装方案的结构补强设计主要依据设计人员的现有经验进行,存在理论不足、材料浪费、优化性差等诸多问题。为了改善分段吊装方案的结构补强设计状况,开发了专门针对VLCC船体分段吊装强度计算系统。论文在研究Tribon系统内分段结构及数据抽取方法的基础上确定了分段重构所需的基本参数,并在ANSYS系统内实现了分段有限元模型的重构,该过程完全由外部程序调用相应的工程软件完成,最终通过输出有限元分析结果来确定结构是否需要补强及补强形式,从而使得分段吊装方案的结构补强设计更加合理、规范。     

基于能量法的船体分段翻身吊装方案优化设计方法

分段翻身吊装难度较大,风险较高,目前主要依靠人工经验设计吊装方案,较少有针对分段翻身的优化设计研究。论文首先对翻身过程中吊绳与相关船体构件的典型干涉问题做出干涉评估并提取干涉约束,结合吊点适应度约束确立若干吊点布置方案。然后以在翻身过程中结构的最大应变能最小为优化目标,得到最优吊点布置方案。最后使用结构分析软件验证最优方案的可靠性。     

Relation between the lifting surface theory and the lifting line theory in the design of an optimum screw propeller

A theory on an optimum screw propeller is described. The optimum means optimum efficiency of a propeller, that is, maximizing thrust horse power for a given shaft horse power. The theory is based on the propeller lifting surface theory. Circulation density (lift density) of the blade is determined by the lifting surface theory on a specified condition in general. However, it is shown that, in the case of optimum condition, the circulation density is not determined by the lifting surface theory, although the circulation distribution which is the chordwise integral of the circulation density is determined. The reason is that the governing equation of the optimization by the lifting surface theory is reduced to that by the lifting line theory. This theoretical deduction is the main part of this paper. The importance of the lifting line theory in the design of the optimum propeller is made clear. Numerical calculations support the conclusion from the deduction. This is shown in the case of freely running propellers and in the case of wake adapted propellers.     

Structural safety assessment of a pontoon-type VLFS considering damage to the breakwater

 A structural safety assessment of a pontoon-type very large floating structure (VLFS) surrounded by a gravity-type breakwater was carried out for extreme wave conditions by considering the damage to the breakwater. Bending and shear collapses are considered to be a failure mode of the floating structure, while overturning damages the breakwater. The probability of the breakwater overturning, and the transmitted wave height before and after damage to the breakwater, are evaluated using design formulae for port and harbor facilities in Japan. The ultimate bending and shear strengths of the floating structure are calculated by the idealized structural unit method (ISUM) and FEM, respectively. The calculated failure probability for the floating structure is compared with the specified target safety level. It was found that the floating structure under consideration is most likely to fail by bending in transverse waves, and that the corresponding failure probability satisfies the target level. Received: September 12, 2002 / Accepted: October 4, 2002 Acknowledgment. The authors are grateful to Dr. Shigeo Ohmatsu, National Maritime Research Institute, Japan, for allowing us to use the program of hydroelastic response analysis. Address correspondence to: M. Fujikubo (e-mail: fujikubo@naoe.hiroshima-u.ac.jp) Updated from the Japanese original, which won the 2002 SNAJ prize (J Soc Arthit Jpn 2002;190:337–345)     

特种专用滑阀设计技术研究

本文根据运行工况对流量的实际要求,提出了船用大型液压升降系统流量控制滑阀的设计准则,分析了滑阀主体结构,推导出阀口面积的计算公式,编制了阀口面积的计算程序,开展了阀口结构数值仿真优化设计,结合样件研制及试验,对比分析了专用滑阀的实际流量控制效果与理论分析值,最终形成了一套适用于大型液压升降系统流量控制专用滑阀阀口设计的理论,可为后续工程优化设计提供参考。     

浅谈18000m^3耙吸式挖泥船电气系统设计

文章对大连中远海运重工有限公司建造的18000m^3耙吸式挖泥船电气系统进行了简要介绍,根据挖泥船的特点,对挖泥作业特有的系统进行了简要说明,对今后类似船舶的建造具有参考意义。     

自主研发建造VLOC

基于熔盛重工承建的38万吨超大型矿砂船设计、建造、交船的全过程,展示了该船的设计特点、工艺难点、建造技术等第一手资料,着重指出首制船"Vale China"号在自主研发建造、节能环保、安全高效及主机自主装备等方面进行的有益探索和实践,实现了该船型的成功研发。     

自升式海洋平台平衡升降控制策略及试验

受海底环境和载荷变化等因素影响,自升式海洋平台在升降过程中需实时确保姿态平衡。针对四桩腿多电机驱动自升式海洋平台的上升作业,提出一种速度-倾角偏差耦合同步控制策略。搭建了四桩腿海洋升降平台物理模型,根据该控制策略完成了模型平台的电气设计及上升程序设计,并进行了模型平台上升时的平衡试验,平台姿态倾角能够保持在合理范围内,验证了该升降系统控制策略的正确性,可为海洋平台的平衡升降控制提供参考。     

浮船坞沉浮自动控制系统的设计和实现

为了提高浮船坞的自动化程度,本文针对某浮船坞,开发了浮船坞沉浮自动控制系统,主要对系统的总体设计、控制程序和监控软件进行了详细阐述。通过在浮船坞上的实际应用表明：浮船坞沉浮自动控制系统能够使浮船坞的沉浮过程更可靠、更快捷、更平稳。     

超大型浮船坞压载系统分析

文章以韩国三星重工12万t举力级超大型浮船坞为依托,主要论述了超大型浮船坞压载系统原理和管系布置的分析及设计方法。通过调研国内外浮船坞技术现状,并吸收韩国先进的设计经验,我们对浮船坞压载系统原理进行分析和研究,掌握浮船坞压载系统的设计方法,并针对超大型浮船坞压载系统的调载能力和使用安全性进一步攻关研究。     

38万吨矿砂船设计建造案例

基于熔盛重工承建的38万吨矿砂船从设计、建造、交船的全过程,展示了38万吨超大型矿砂船的设计特点、建造技术和关键节点等实际作业与工作经验,突出了首制船无论是在自主研发建造、安全环保、节能高效,还是主机自主装备等方面进行的有益探索和实践,实现了提高整体载重吨位和推进性能的目的.     

吊舱式CRP推进系统理论设计研究

采用螺旋桨旋涡理论和低阶速度势面元法对吊舱式CRP进行适伴流设计。在吊舱给定的前提下对前后桨进行升力线设计和升力面修正,吊舱与前后桨之间的相互影响通过诱导速度来考虑,且诱导速度作为伴流的一部分,并采用面元法进行非定常水动力性能预报。通过实例设计分析可知:在设计进速条件下,采用该方法设计的吊舱式CRP系统与设计的单桨相比,其效率可提高8.533%,设计吊舱式CRP尾流周向诱导速度明显小于单桨时的速度。