江苏沿海滩涂围垦对近岸波浪场的影响

采用当前较先进的第3代海浪模式SWAN,根据江苏沿海滩涂围垦规划(2010—2020年),分别模拟了围垦前后夏季、冬季及台风期间的波浪场,并结合Jason-1卫星高度计观测的有效波高数据进行验证,分析江苏沿海滩涂围垦对江苏近岸波浪场的影响。江苏沿海滩涂围垦规划工程实施后,江苏北部沿海规划围垦区波高及周期变化较小,而南部规划围垦区海域波高及周期变化较大,但影响幅度有限,数量级较小。     

海州湾大规模围垦规划工程水沙环境影响研究

滩涂资源的开发利用成为沿海地区经济快速发展的重要途径,也可能会对海洋环境造成一系列的负面影响。根据江苏沿海发展规划,建立嵌套式二维潮流泥沙数学模型,对规划工程引起的水沙环境变化进行预测分析。结果表明,海州湾大规模滩涂围垦规划工程对大范围水沙环境的影响较小,并未改变海域的潮流运动和悬沙分布特征。围垦规划工程的影响主要集中在临洪河入海口海域,近岸潮流、悬沙高值区发生较为明显的变化,而在埒子口和绣针河口处,围垦规划工程引起的变化相对较小。     

南通市沿海滩涂资源围垦开发现状与成效*

通过对南通沿海滩涂资源潜力的分析,结合南通沿海地区当前滩涂围垦现状,总结该区域滩涂围垦所带来的一系列成效。研究表明：南通沿海地区加强滩涂围垦有利于拓展渔业发展空间,提升渔业发展水平;加快陆海产业合理布局,促进产业转型升级;完善港口基础设施,促进临港产业发展;促进港产城融合发展,壮大滨海旅游业。     

各地应把新生港口岸线纳入规划管理——关于加强港口岸线管理的几点新思考

<正>随着经济社会的快速发展,沿海一些地区纷纷掀起了打造沿海产业带的热潮,通过对沿海滩涂的围垦、吹沙、填方、造地,在扩大土地资源的同时,又新增了数量可观的港口岸线资源。这些岸线由于是新生岸线,基本属规划外岸线。加之一些港     

浙江省滩涂资源现状及开发利用对策探讨

随着社会经济的飞速发展,土地资源日渐紧缺。面对人多地少的的现状,滩涂是中国重要的后备土地资源。本文介绍了浙江省滩涂资源的现状,并提出现阶段我省对滩涂资源开发利用存在的问题和相关建议意见,使滩涂资源开发利用达到可持续发展,从而缓解我省土地资源不足的现状。     

基于模糊聚类的滩涂围垦方案优选

为更科学合理地开发滩涂资源,以水动力、水质、生态环境三种指标体系为基础,往下细分为二级指标,结合熵值法和灰色模糊聚类的方法对滩涂围垦工程方案进行适宜性评价。用熵值法通过数值计算确定各项指标权重,通过灰色关联分析进行滩涂围垦工程的适宜性评价及排序,并根据适宜性评分来进行模糊聚类,得到不同的分类,综合考虑适宜性评分最高的一类,为优化已有的滩涂围垦工程方案提供参考。在乐清湾围垦工程适宜性评价中,五个滩涂围垦工程方案按适宜性从高到低排序为:湾口开发工程方案、已有滩涂围垦工程方案、湾顶开发工程方案、高滩开发工程方案、滩涂极限开发工程方案。并将其进行聚类,为更合理地开发乐清湾滩涂资源提供参考。     

海州湾滩涂围垦对临洪河口闸下河道淤积的影响

随着沿海经济的发展,围垦已成为解决土地资源稀缺问题的主要方法。海州湾滩涂围垦面积较大,且距离临洪河口较近,有可能造成其上游河道的淤积,进而影响该地区的防洪排涝。应用MIKE21模型对海州湾及邻近海域的潮流场进行模拟,分析围垦前后河道内水动力条件的变化。相较于围垦前,围垦邻近区域的涨落潮平均流速基本均有所减小,而河道内的水动力条件变化则很小,沿程各断面的落潮平均流量均有所减少,但减少的量值不大。采用根据窦国仁河相关系推导出的分析模式,预估围垦引起的河道淤积厚度为2 cm左右,说明海州湾滩涂围垦不会对临洪河口闸下河道的淤积产生大的影响。     

强潮海湾围垦工程对水动力的影响

近年来,经济需求、土地资源紧缺加上沿海地区大量可供围垦的滩涂,掀起了数次围填海热潮,给附近海域的环境带来不可逆转的影响,潮差越大的海域对围填海响应也越显著。强潮多汊道海湾主要受潮流控制,以一定的自我调节响应围填海带来的岸线变动、滩涂减少等变化,一旦围填海强度超过其自身调节能力,潮汐汊道将有消亡危险。三门湾是一个典型的半封闭式强潮多汊道海湾,湾内多级港汊深嵌内陆并与大面积舌状潮滩相间排列,长期以来的大规模围填海大大减少了三门湾潮容量,改变了湾内的水动力环境。     

运用地主港模式进行滩涂资源开发利用研究与实践

对地主港模式的内涵及其在国内外实践情况进行了介绍,阐述了浙江港口建设实施地主港模式的现实要求。针对浙江省土地资源紧缺、经济亟需转型等现状,论述了地主港模式对滩涂资源开发的借鉴作用,从加强港区规划与围填、开展多元化融资开发滩涂、完善新建港区基础设施配套三方面指出了政府现阶段对地主港模式科学开发利用滩涂资源的重点。     

长三角竞相围滩之忧

科学合理地开发利用海洋及长江资源是落实科学发展观的具体内容之一。近年来,随着我国土地资源的逐渐稀缺,作为＂地皮仓库＂的滩涂湿地,犹如一个＂聚宝盆＂,不断地吸引着沿江沿海的一些地方政府,加之＂政绩＂的需要,各地的围填造地如洪水泛滥成灾。据不完全统计,全国围海造地从上世纪50年代开始,到目前已经围了200多万公顷,另因城乡工矿占用湿地100多万公顷,两项相当于沿海湿地总面积的50%以上。特别是近几年来,除了辽宁沿海经济带、河北曹妃甸、天津滨海新区、广西北部湾和珠江三角洲、山东胶州湾等地外,在我国经济最为发达的长江三角洲（简称长三角）占有较大的份额。新年伊始,新一轮的大规模造地运动也徐徐拉开了帷幕。     

沿海地区海洋经济可持续发展能力实证研究

实现海洋经济可持续发展是解决当前人类所面临的资源匮乏、空间紧张、环境恶化等问题的一条有效途径。本文通过构建可持续发展的评价指标体系,运用主成分分析法对我国沿海地区11个省市的可持续发展能力进行定量评价和分析,量度了沿海地区海洋经济可持续发展的总体能力和水平。该研究可以对沿海地区实施海洋开发战略,获取最优的经济和社会效益提供依据。     

The First Step for the Environmental Management of Australian Beaches: Establishing an Effective Policy Framework

Beach management and coastal management are interwoven and scale-dependent activities in Australia. Present coastal policies are broad and designed for large, national, and statewide scales. They specify ecologically sustainable development as the overarching goal for coastal management and provide the context for beach management. On smaller scales, an approach focusing on the reduction of geomorphic hazards as the basis of beach management was established by the Coastline Hazard Policy, with nonhazard aspects of beach management such as ecological, economic, and social concerns assuming secondary importance. Although beach management can occur effectively under these coastal management arrangements, better guidance is required to make this process as effective and efficient as possible. This guidance - the policy framework - could be better developed for beach management and better integrated with existing coastal management arrangements. While this policy development is not strictly necessary to achieve positive outcomes from beach management, it is necessary to effectively guide implementation of the existing broad coastal policies. Effective goals for beach management are yet to be thought out and clearly articulated in Australia. A good start would be to couple the present goals of ecologically sustainable development and hazards reduction into a coherent goal for beach management. A specific policy for beaches should be developed given the importance of beaches in Australia.     

基于投资强度概念的沿海工业岸线开发准入标准研究

以集约利用工业岸线资源为目标,提出沿海工业岸线的投资强度概念.根据岸线功能、后方陆域平面尺度和沿海地区工业投资相协调的原则,提出基于投资强度概念的沿海工业岸线开发准入标准,并应用于某临港工业岸线开发项目.实践证明,引入工业岸线投资强度的概念,对于沿海地区有效地规划和利用稀缺的岸线资源、发展集约型临港工业,具有一定的指导...     

如东海域西太阳沙人工岛陆岛通道实体堤合理长度潮流数模研究

分析了江苏如东海域烂沙洋南水道的稳定性,建立了基于不规则三角形网格有限差分法的江苏如东海域大范围和小范围嵌套二维潮流数学模型,在对模型验证的基础上,对西太阳沙人工岛工程的陆岛通道实体堤合理长度进行了潮流场数值模拟研究。研究结果表明,烂沙洋南水道主槽基本上是稳定的,从潮流场和烂沙洋南水道的稳定性角度考虑,陆岛通道实体堤合理长度应不超过6 km.     

Land use implications of sea level rise: A case study at myrtle beach,South Carolina

Abstract

the prospect of global warming and consequent sea level rise will have important implications for coastal communities. this article examines the land use implications of alternate sea level rise scenarios on the city of myrtle beach, south carolina. current trends as well as high and low sea level rise scenarios are superimposed on the city's beach profile and near shore contours to estimate the type and value of land development likely to be impacted.

It is found that losses associated with accelerated sea level rise would be particularly high in the city's hotel district and that overall property loss could range from 21 to 60% of the city's total property value. to lessen these potential losses, coastal communities such as myrtle beach must choose among one of three policy options including: (1) barricade the beach, (2) raise the land, and (3) implement a strategic retreat. specific alternatives within each of these options are explored in turn. the article concludes that successful development plans will incorporate ground rules sensitive to and consistent with dynamic coastal processes.     

Economic Valuation of Coastal and Marine Resources: Bohol Marine Triangle,Philippines

This article provides results on the net benefits generated from the natural resources in the Bohol Marine Triangle (BMT) in the Philippines. The BMT spans over 112,000 ha and its coastal ecosystems are rich in biodiversity and provide economic opportunities to the coastal communities. With a 10% discount rate, the accumulated total net benefits for the BMT resources over a 10-year period is US$11.54 million. Tourism and the municipal fisheries are the most important direct use values of the coastal and marine resources of the BMT accounting for 44% and 39% of the total net benefits. Annual revenues attributed to ecosystems were as follows: coral reefs, US$1.26 million; beach/intertidal area, US$1.12 million; marine waters, US$646,501; mangrove, US$239,561; and seagrass, US$105,990. The large market values indicate the dependence of the local community on the BMT coastal and marine resources. In the same way, non-market values show the important life-support functions of coastal and marine ecosystems. The net benefits reflect the magnitude of potential losses due to improper management of coastal and marine resources in the BMT. This valuation highlights the importance of the coastal services to the BMT economy and draws attention to the benefits the local stakeholders derive from BMT coastal resources. Policy measures can now take into account these values to justify a sufficient investment in coastal management efforts to sustain the flow of coastal services in the interest of current and future generations.     

海岸地区长周期地貌模型研究进展

海岸地区的长周期地貌演变关系到了人类对海岸带资源的合理开发、保护及可持续利用。研究者不断改进和提高了海岸地区长周期地貌模型的适用性和可靠性。文章从发展概况、时空尺度、计算原理、信息约减技术以及模型应用等方面简述了海岸地区长周期地貌模型的研究进展,并认为模型的理论、技术还可进一步提高,模型的应用范围还可拓展到更大尺度。     

江苏沿海港口开发与物流业发展研究

江苏沿海港口物流业已经初步形成协调发展、层次分明、重心突出的格局,但与它们承担的任务相比还有很大差距,港口物流资源有待进一步整合开发。在借鉴国内外港口物流业发展实践经验的基础上,提出江苏沿海港口开发与物流业发展战略,以期提高江苏沿海港口物流业的整体效益,充分发挥江苏沿海港口物流在区域经济发展中的提速作用。