迎浪状态下三体船垂荡和纵摇运动参数

运用基于势流理论的三维频域格林函数方法对三体船的垂荡、纵摇运动进行参数研究,讨论三体船附体位置对垂荡、纵摇运动的影响。将计算结果与实验结果进行对比,比较结果表明数值计算是可靠的。设计了十二种不同附体位置配置方案,并计算出各个方案在三个航速下的垂荡和纵摇频率响应函数曲线。计算结果表明:(1)航速对三体船的垂荡、纵摇运动影响剧烈,随着航速提高,运动幅值增加明显;(2)当三体船的航速为零时,附体位置对垂荡、纵摇的影响不明显,随着三体船航速的增加,附体位置对垂荡、纵摇影响也随之变大;(3)附体纵向位置变化对垂荡、纵摇的影响要大于其横向位置变化的影响。     

Spar平台垂荡一纵摇耦合运动的不稳定性

研究了深水Spar平台垂荡—纵摇耦合不稳定运动的形式和条件。以经典Spar平台为例,基于垂荡包络线概念,分析了平台垂荡—纵摇耦合运动的相互放大效应及"舞动"运动。结果表明,当垂荡包络线周期与纵摇固有周期相等时,纵摇运动失稳;因纵摇对垂荡的耦合影响,垂荡幅值不断增大,同时垂荡运动的变化又影响纵摇运动,使得纵摇幅值小幅度增加,平台运动存在相互放大效应。纵摇失稳后,Spar平台将处在一种奇特的"舞动"运动形式。     

迎浪规则波中小水线面双体船纵向运动及波浪载荷非线性特性数值分析

基于RANS方程和VOF模型求解船体粘性兴波流场,开展了小水线面双体船(Small Waterplane Area Twin Hulls,SWATH)迎浪规则波中纵向运动及波浪载荷的非线性特性研究.通过数值计算结果与模型试验结果的对比分析,验证了文中方法的有效性;在此基础上,较为系统地分析了SWATH船的垂荡及纵摇运动响应、垂向加速度和波浪载荷的一阶及二阶量随入射波高的变化规律,指出SWATH船的运动响应及载荷与波高存在非线性的关系,尤其体现在响应共振区附近;相比于船体垂荡和纵摇运动,垂向加速度及波浪载荷的非线性特性更为显著.     

迎浪规则波中小水线面双体船纵向运动及波浪载荷非线性特性数值分析（英文）

基于RANS方程和VOF模型求解船体粘性兴波流场,开展了小水线面双体船(Small Waterplane Area Twin Hulls,SWATH)迎浪规则波中纵向运动及波浪载荷的非线性特性研究。通过数值计算结果与模型试验结果的对比分析,验证了文中方法的有效性;在此基础上,较为系统地分析了SWATH船的垂荡及纵摇运动响应、垂向加速度和波浪载荷的一阶及二阶量随入射波高的变化规律,指出SWATH船的运动响应及载荷与波高存在非线性的关系,尤其体现在响应共振区附近;相比于船体垂荡和纵摇运动,垂向加速度及波浪载荷的非线性特性更为显著。     

浅水FPSO垂荡和纵摇运动的低频响应

对软刚臂系泊FPSO在浅水不规则波作用下的垂荡和纵摇运动响应进行数值计算与模型试验研究,水深16.7 m.试验中的波浪校验结果显示,在波浪谱中出现明显低频长波成分.计算结果与试验结果均显示,垂荡和纵摇波浪力、运动响应既有传统的波频成分,也出现显著低于波浪频率的低频成分,而且低频响应的能量和幅值甚至会远大于波频响应.垂荡和纵摇运动的低频响应不具有能量集中的共振频率,而是具有较宽的低频能量分布.这种显著低频响应的出现,与浅水中低频长波的存在有关,表明其不仅对系泊FPSO水平面运动性能影响极大,也会显著影响垂荡和纵摇这类垂直面运动的波浪力和运动响应,在理论预报时需要予以重视.     

试验养殖工船与液舱晃荡耦合运动时频响应

为分析液舱晃荡和航速对养殖工船运动的影响,采用三维势流理论对一艘试验养殖工船的横摇、纵摇和垂荡进行频域数值计算,并通过Malenica提出的方法考虑液舱晃荡黏性的影响。应用脉冲响应函数法计算系泊工况下的时域耦合运动响应。结果表明,液舱晃荡对横摇运动影响较为显著,横摇固有频率发生偏移;对纵摇谐振幅值影响有限;对垂荡运动几无影响。随着航速的提高,横浪中航行的船舶横摇运动响应没有发生变化,而迎浪中航行的船舶纵摇谐振频率范围内的响应幅值则逐渐增加。试验养殖工船的横摇响应较大,计算结果与实船测量结果比较吻合。     

基于N-S方程的航行船舶辐射问题数值模拟

基于N-S(Navier-Stokes)方程,进行了航行船舶辐射问题的数值模拟,包括强制垂荡和强制纵摇的模拟.计算了船舶垂荡和纵摇的附加质量和阻尼.数值模拟中,控制方程--BANS(Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes)方程和连续性方程使用有限体积法离散,非线性自由面采用VOF方法处理.文中给出了以不同航速前进的船舶强制垂荡和纵摇的力与力矩,以及船舶垂荡和纵摇的附加质量系数和阻尼系数,并与DUT(Delft University of Technology)的试验数据进行了比较,二者吻合良好.     

新型漂浮式垂直轴风力发电机平台的动态响应分析

针对一种功率为50 kW的H型垂直轴风力机,为解决传统半潜式平台垂荡响应大的问题,设计一种安装垂荡架的半潜式风力机平台。考虑风、流及波浪载荷的综合作用,采用绕射/辐射理论和水动力分析方法,对传统平台和垂荡架平台的运动进行数值模拟,结合正交设计方法研究外浮筒数目、垂荡架安装位置、垂荡架形状对平台运动响应的影响。结果表明,在频域分析中,与传统平台相比,垂荡架平台在垂荡、纵荡、纵摇3个方向上的响应极值均有明显降低,垂荡响应极值减小10.4%;时域耦合分析结果与频域分析规律相同,垂荡架平台在垂荡、纵荡、纵摇3个方向上的响应极值、标准差均比传统平台降低,表明安装垂荡架后平台的稳定性更好;正交试验结果表明,对半潜式垂荡架平台垂荡时域RAO极值影响最大的因素是外浮筒的数目,其次是垂荡架布置位置,影响最小的是垂荡架的形状。     

多点系泊起重船数值分析与试验对比研究

以一艘工作水深46m的现役起重船为研究对象,采用基于全QTF法的时域准静态分析法对实际尺度起重船与系泊系统进行耦合数值分析,并与1:50的模型试验结果进行比较。结果表明:由于不考虑粘性阻尼影响,纵荡、纵摇的计算结果偏大,垂荡运动计算结果较为可信;垂荡、纵摇运动具有一阶低频成分,该响应对起重船的作业安全具有一定的威胁,应当给予重视;粘性阻尼、缆绳动力响应与水深对系泊起重船运动与缆绳张力的影响还有待研究。     

频率散射对船舶垂荡与纵摇耦合运动的影响

为研究遭遇频率散射现象对船舶垂荡与纵摇耦合运动所造成的影响,以某船为研究对象,假设船舶在顶浪航行,通过船舶纵向速度振荡产生频率散射。基于弗汝德—克雷洛夫假定,推导并得到了垂荡与纵摇耦合运动响应方程。采用切片法计算了耦合运动方程中的水动力系数。通过理论求解方法验证了数值求解耦合运动方程的准确性。同时,还分析了散射强度和散射频率单独对耦合运动的影响,以及两者对耦合运动的综合影响。结果表明,增大散射强度和散射频率可以减弱垂荡和纵摇耦合运动及其剧烈程度。     

浮式钻井生产储卸装置运动性能分析

首先介绍了浮式钻井生产储卸装置(FDPSO)设有月池开口的船型特点,为评估月池开口对FDPSO船体运动性能的影响,设计了不同月池尺寸的方案。采用三维势流理论对不同月池尺寸方案水动力性能进行计算,得到FDPSO船体运动传递函数,总结FDPSO船体横摇和垂荡运动响应随月池尺寸变化的规律,并确定合理的目标FDPSO方案。最后对目标FDPSO方案进行运动性能实例分析,评估目标FDPSO方案的耐波性。     

Effects of excitation angle and coupled heave–surge–sway motion on fluid sloshing in a three-dimensional tank

Sloshing waves in moving tanks is an important engineering problem, and most studies of this phenomenon have focused on tanks that are excited by forcing motion in a limited number of directions and with fixed excitation frequencies throughout the forcing. In practice, the excitation comprises multiple degree of freedom motion that potentially couples surge, sway, heave, pitch, roll, and yaw motions. In the present study, a time-independent finite difference method is used to simulate fluid sloshing in three-dimensional tanks filled to an arbitrary depth for various excitation frequencies and multiple degree of freedom motion. The numerical scheme developed here was verified by rigorous benchmark tests. The coupled motions of surge and sway are simulated for various excitation angles, frequencies and water depths. Five kinds of sloshing waves found under coupled surge–sway motions: diagonal, single-directional, square-like, swirling, and irregular waves. The effect of excitation angle on the frequency responses of different sloshing waves is analyzed and discussed in the present study. Further, the components of horizontal force of various sloshing waves are also presented. The coupled effect of surge, sway and heave motions is also discussed, and the results show that unstable sloshing occurs when the excitation frequency of the heave motion is twice the fundamental natural frequency. Moreover, the effects of heave motion on the different types of sloshing waves are explored. It is found that heave motion causes all of the sloshing waves to change type.     

Experimental and numerical study of the effects of heave plate on the motion of a new deep draft multi-spar platform

The heave motion of a floating structure is critical, as a favorable heave characteristic permits dry tree systems, amongst other benefits. The heave response can be suppressed by installing heave plates. However, the associated hydrodynamic effects, which include viscous damping and added mass, are very complicated. Moreover, there are limited experimental investigations to understand the heave plate effects on actual platform designs. This paper aims to study the abovementioned issue based on a novel deep draft multi-spar (DDMS) platform, for four different configurations (with/without upper and lower heave plates). A set of experiments (free decay, regular and irregular wave tests) are conducted, and compared with time domain and linearized frequency domain analyses. Amongst other things, the investigations and discussions include the added mass and damping coefficients for the platform and heave plates, comparison of experimental and numerical results, and the influence of the heave plates on the surge, heave and pitch motions.     

船舶垂荡与纵摇耦合运动频率散射机制研究

针对船舶纵向速度振荡对垂荡与纵摇耦合运动建立运动响应模型,基于弗劳德-克雷洛夫假定,采用切片法推导切片的浮力、阻尼力和惯性力,通过对切片的积分得到了船体垂荡与纵摇的水动力(矩),推导并得到垂荡与纵摇耦合运动响应方程。以某隐身船为实例,初步分析遭遇频率散射强度和散射频率对耦合运动的影响,得到增大散射强度和散射频率可以减弱耦合运动及其剧烈程度的初步结论。     

深海系缆动张力的超谐动力响应

文章考虑深水系缆的拉伸和弯曲变形,取正交坐标和切向量描述任意结点的6个广义位移,考虑缆变形的几何非线性和水动力影响,基于细长杆理论推导缆索的单元刚度矩阵,引入单元内张力一致假设,推导出12×12的非线性刚度矩阵,并与有限元软件对接。针对1800m水深平台的系缆,考虑系缆端点垂荡运动,以及端点垂荡、横荡和海流作用两种状态下系泊系统的动力响应。计算结果表明,端点运动和海流作用,引起系缆系统的二倍超谐动力响应,并且随着流速增大,系缆超谐动力响应增大,系缆的超谐动张力分量对于缆索疲劳累积损伤具有重要影响,在系缆疲劳分析时应该予以考虑。     

Truss Spar平台非线性垂荡-纵摇耦合随机运动分析(英文)

Considering the static stability and the change of the displacement volume, including the influences of higher order nonlinear terms and the instantaneous wave surface, the nonlinear coupled heave-pitch motion was established in stochastic waves. The responses of heave-pitch coupling motion for the Truss Spar platform were investigated. It was found that, when the characteristic frequency of a stochastic wave is close to the natural heave frequency, the large amplitude pitch motion is induced under the parametric-forced excitation, which is called the Mathieu instability. It was observed that the heave mode energy is transferred to pitch mode when the heave motion amplitude exceeds a certain extent. In addition, the probability of internal resonant heave-pitch motion is greatly reduced while the characteristic wave frequency is away from the natural heave frequency.     

考虑一阶和二阶力spar平台垂荡-纵摇非线性耦合运动时域分析（英文）

In this study, the coupled heave-pitch motion equations of a spar platform were established by considering 1st-order and 2nd-order random wave loads and the effects of time-varying displacement volume and transient wave elevation. We generated random wave loads based on frequency-domain wave load transfer functions and the Joint North Sea Wave Project(JONSWAP) wave spectrum, designed program codes to solve the motion equations, and then simulated the coupled heave-pitch motion responses of the platform in the time domain. We then calculated and compared the motion responses in different sea conditions and separately investigated the effects of 2nd-order random wave loads and transient wave elevation. The results show that the coupled heave-pitch motion responses of the platform are primarily dominated by wave height and the characteristic wave period, the latter of which has a greater impact. 2nd-order mean wave loads mainly affect the average heave value. The platform's pitch increases after the 2nd-order low frequency wave loads are taken into account. The platform's heave is underestimated if the transient wave elevation term in the motion equations is neglected.     

6750箱集装箱船非线性波激振动和颤振响应分析

本文采用三维时域非线性水弹性方法分析了一艘6750箱集装箱船的水弹性响应以及运动和垂向弯矩特征。通过考虑入射波力、静水恢复力、砰击效应的非线性,研究了在恶劣海况下船体的非线性运动和垂向弯矩响应,同时分析了波激振动及颤振对垂向弯矩的影响。数值计算结果表明:(1)非线性入射波力对运动的影响较小,但是对垂向弯矩的影响较大,使得其有明显的倍频成分,同时中垂弯矩显著大于中拱弯矩。另外,非线性入射波力也引起了明显的非线性波激振动;(2)非线性静水恢复力对运动和载荷的影响均较大,但是没有引起明显的非线性响应。非线性计算的垂荡响应小于线性结果,而纵摇和垂向弯矩响应大于线性结果;(3)砰击效应对运动的影响较小,但对垂向弯矩的影响较大,砰击效应引起了显著的船体弹性高频振动,增大了载荷幅值,但是其引起的合成中垂和中拱幅值相差不大;(4)非线性水动力的作用主要引起垂向弯矩的倍频响应,包括倍频可能引起的二节点垂向弯矩弹性共振,而砰击效应主要引起船体二节点垂向弯矩共振;(5)本文的非线性水弹性响应计算结果与Kim给出的数值计算结果吻合很好。     

Nonlinear random motion analysis of coupled heave-pitch motions of a spar platform considering 1st-order and 2nd-order wave loads

In this study, we consider first- and second-order random wave loads and the effects of time-varying displacement volume and transient wave elevation to establish motion equations of the Spar platform’s coupled heave-pitch. We generated random wave loads based on frequency-domain wave load transfer functions and the Joint North Sea Wave Project (JONSWAP) wave spectrum, designed program codes to solve the motion equations, and then simulated the coupled heave-pitch motion responses of the platform in the time domain. We then calculated and compared the motion responses in different sea conditions and separately investigated the effects of second-order random wave loads and transient wave elevation. The results show that the coupled heave-pitch motion responses of the platform are primarily dominated by wave height and the characteristic wave period, the latter of which has a greater impact. Second-order mean wave loads mainly affect the average heave value. The platform’s pitch increases after the second-order low frequency wave loads are taken into account. The platform’s heave is underestimated if the transient wave elevation term in the motion equations is neglected.