共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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船舶碳排放核查是航运碳减排的基础工作。船舶主机作为主要的碳排放源,是船舶碳排放核查的重中之重。根据国际公约的要求,为核查评估船舶记录的主机碳排放数据,通过研究主机、螺旋桨的功率、转速相关特性,基于航海日志和轮机日志等船舶日志记录的船舶营运参数,提出估算船舶主机油耗量等碳排放数据的方法,并考虑多种因素将估算值相对记录值的绝对偏差设定在5%以内,以评估船舶日志记录的主机碳排放数据的合理性。该方法简单易行,可方便主机碳排放数据的核查评估,供相关方参考。 相似文献
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通过比较分析国际控制船舶碳排放公约及立法的要求与中国控制船舶碳排放现状,结合国家与地方政府关于船舶检查和碳排放等方面的具体要求,对上海港船舶碳排放控制的立法提出建议,从立法角度控制船舶碳排放,建设绿色航运,实现碳达峰碳中和的目标。 相似文献
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低碳经济下船舶航行速度选择 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
温室气体排放引起的全球气候变暖是人类迄今面临的最重大的环境问题,备受国际社会广泛关注.研究报告显示,航运业目前每年排放的CO2超过12亿t,约占全球碳排放总量的4%.因此减少海运业的CO2排放乃大势所趋.在这样的背景下,必须研究船舶在低碳经济下的最优运行速度.在建立了船舶CO2排放量与航速之间的关系的前提下,运用数学方法求出使整个船队碳排放量最小的航行速度;接着又建立了船东盈利与航速之间的关系函数,找到在确定的燃油价格下,使船东盈利最大的航速,并揭示了它与使船队CO2排放量最小的航速之间的差异;进而,提出了政府引导航运企业降低营运航速、减少碳排放量的措施和方法. 相似文献
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The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of the world commercial fleet. The analysis is based on the Lloyds-Fairplay world ship database for 2007 and produces
various emissions statistics of the following major ship types: bulk carriers, crude oil tankers, container vessels, product/chemical
carriers, LNG carriers, LPG carriers, reefer vessels, Ro-Ro vessels and general cargo ships. A separate analysis is carried
out for small vessels under 400 GRT and for passenger vessels. The main outputs from this analysis for each ship type-size
bracket are the emitted grams of CO2 per tonne-km and an estimate of the total CO2 produced in a year. The methodology for estimating these statistics is described, and a comparison with other studies is
made. 相似文献
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舰船辐射声场及声源特性测量方法研究综述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
舰船辐射声场及声源特性测量是船舶声学研究的主要方向。文章梳理了舰船模型和实船声学测量的基本问题,重点综述了频响逆矩阵法、无限与有限空间波束形成、无界近场声全息、有界空间近场声全息和远场声全息、声强和声矢量及时反声聚焦等测量方法的发展脉络和取得的进展。 相似文献
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介绍了一种在动态环境下对特定目标进行跟踪来反推舰船航向真值的测量方法-目标真值测量法。该方法采用了动态条件下高精度连续测量技术、数据融合处理技术和动态测量精度分配技术,实现了动态条件下舰船航向真值的高精度连续测量。 相似文献
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The International Maritime Organisation is currently working on establishing regulations for international shipping regarding greenhouse gas emissions, and a cost-effectiveness approach has been suggested as one method for determining the necessary reductions in emissions from shipping. Previous studies have investigated the CO2 emission reduction potential for the world shipping fleet up to 2030 and the associated marginal abatement cost levels. To analyse the cost implications of different emission reduction scenarios, this study has calculated the emission reduction potential and additional capital expenditure for 25 CO2 emission reduction measures applied to 59 ship segments. The expected fleet development over time, keeping track of new ships built from 2010 to 2030 and Existing ships built prior to 2010 and still in operation by 2030, have been modelled. Two alternative approaches to find the cost-effective potential in the world shipping fleet have been applied. One approach is to implement only measures which in themselves are cost-effective (measure-by-measure), and another approach is to implement measures as long as the net savings from cost-effective measures balance the costs of non-cost-effective measures (set of measures). The results demonstrate that by 2030, the majority (93%) of the reduction potential will be related to new ships. Our results show that the measure-by-measure approach would decrease the CO2 emissions by 30% for new ships while the set-of-measures approach with 53% (of the 2030 baseline emissions of 1316?Mt). The implication of achieving such emission reduction is an increase in the capital expenditure on New ships by 6% (USD 183 billion) and 27% (USD 761 billion), respectively, in the period 2010 to 2030 compared to a business-as-usual scenario. The measure-by-measure approach yields a 5% decrease in CO2 emission per 1% increase in capital expenditure, while the set-of-measures approach yields a 2% decrease per 1% increase. This is due to the significant variation in capital intensity of the different measures, ranging from almost zero to USD 200 per tonne of CO2 averted. The results of this study are useful for the shipping industry to assess the economic burden that must be shouldered in order to implement abatement measures under different CO2 emission reduction scenarios. 相似文献
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Labview在船用振动噪声故障监测系统中的应用研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于虚拟仪器研发1套通过分布式测量方法实现对船舶各主要运行设备的振动噪声水平进行实时监测的系统。通过数据分析对设备的运行状态进行评估,当运行异常时,系统发出预警和报警,系统采集的大量历史数据也可为设备故障的预判、排除及后续船型的设计和改进提供有力支持。 相似文献
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船舶造成空气污染成因分析及对策研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
近年空气质量不断恶化,控制气体污染成为社会关注焦点。船舶排放已成为了第三大空气污染源,仅次于工业气体排放和机动车尾气。据测算,1艘中型集装箱船使用普通燃料(含硫量为3.5%)航行1天,其排放量等于50万辆货车。国际海事组织加强对船舶造成大气污染的控制,2005年5月19日起实施《防止船舶造成空气污染规则》。2016年1月,我国在珠三角、长三角、环渤海水域设立3个船舶排放控制区。本文主要分析船舶造成大气污染的原因,探寻较少排放污染的方法。 相似文献
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Environmental issues and rising fuel prices necessitate better energy-efficiency in all sectors.The shipping industry is one of the major stakeholders,responsible for 3% of global CO2 emissions,14%-15% of global NOX emissions,and 16% of global SOX emissions.In addition,continuously rising fuel prices are also an incentive to focus on new ways for better energy-effectiveness.The green ship concept requires exploring and implementing technology on ships to increase energy-efficiency and reduce emissions.Ship operation is an important topic with large potential to increase cost-and-energy-effectiveness.This paper provided a comprehensive review of basic concepts,principles,and potential of operational options for green ships.The key challenges pertaining to ship crew i.e.academic qualifications prior to induction,in-service training and motivation were discussed.The author also deliberated on remedies to these challenges. 相似文献