分布式驱动电动汽车轮边电机传动系统动态特性仿真EI北大核心CSCD

采用Matlab/Simulink软件建立分布式驱动电动汽车轮边电机传动系统的仿真模型,并通过仿真,分析系统起动、加速和能量回馈制动时的动态特性。结果表明,该轮边电机传动系统的输出转矩发生突变时会引起速度和加速度的抖动,并影响整车动态特性。针对受传动系统输出转矩抖动影响较大的因素,采用状态反馈控制方法从理论上解决系统的振动问题,改善整车动态特性,提高车辆的可靠性、耐久性和乘坐舒适性。     

分布式驱动电动汽车轮边电机传动系统动态特性仿真

采用Matlab/Simulink软件建立分布式驱动电动汽车轮边电机传动系统的仿真模型,并通过仿真,分析系统起动、加速和能量回馈制动时的动态特性。结果表明,该轮边电机传动系统的输出转矩发生突变时会引起速度和加速度的抖动,并影响整车动态特性。针对受传动系统输出转矩抖动影响较大的因素,采用状态反馈控制方法从理论上解决系统的振动问题,改善整车动态特性,提高车辆的可靠性、耐久性和乘坐舒适性。     

轮边驱动电机对电动汽车振动影响的分析与优化

本文采用频域分析方法,通过振动响应量的频率响应特性和统计特性表示。以B级路面和轮边电机作为双激励源,基于1/4汽车2自由度系统建立轮边电机驱动电动汽车的振动模型,仿真分析轮边驱动电机对电动汽车振动性能的影响。结果表明,相比非簧载质量的变化,车速的变化对电动汽车的振动影响较大。基于此提出了一种由轮内主动减振的电机充当吸振器的新型轮毂电机结构并进行了优化。     

电动汽车同轴式电驱动桥力学特性分析

针对电动汽车工作特性及结构特点,以同轴式电驱动桥为研究对象,建立了包括电机转子的传动系统仿真模型,并将最大转矩作为传动系统的输入,在峰值转矩工况下对各传动件进行静力学分析,为同轴式电驱动桥的设计和优化提供了依据。     

某履带装甲车辆传动轴动态转矩数据采集及分析

由于现阶段缺少可信度较高的有效数据,对履带装甲车辆传动轴动态转矩数据采集及分析开展了研究。结合履带装甲车辆综合传动系统的技术特性,充分考虑到现有测试装置的特点,确定了关键部件和测点位置,为获得可信度相对较高的数据打下基础。为了能够给动态载荷谱编制提供可信度更高的数据,使用雨流滤波方法对综合传动系统载荷测试数据进行处理与分析后,再综合运用非参数估计、时域数据修正等方法对数据进行进一步的分析处理,得到可信度较高的载荷数据,最后从时域和频域方面对多工况动态转矩信号进行验证,确保了动态转矩测试的准确性,从而为后续的编谱工作提供了可信度高的有效数据。     

电动车动力传动系统的扭转特性研究

电动车动力传动系统与传统汽车相比,省略了离合器,所受的激励也不同。因此,有必要研究电动车动力传动系统的扭转特性。在建立某电动车电机动力传动系统扭转振动模型的基础上,分析了传动系统的固有特性,并结合加速过程中动力传动系统受到的激励,研究了传动系统扭转性特性。     

混合动力传动系 Tip-in/out工况的模型预测控制

为抑制混合动力汽车加减速过程中传动系统振荡,以电机转矩为控制量,提出一种基于模型预测主动控制混合动力传动系统振荡的策略,基于 Matlab/Simulink平台搭建动态系统模型,实时计算电机转矩补偿优化发动机输出转矩,准确跟踪目标转矩的同时减少传动系统振荡。探索不同控制器参数设置对于驾驶动力性和舒适性的增益效果,通过硬件在环 （Hardware-in-Loop,HIL） 试验表明,所设计的 MPC控制器能使汽车平稳地加减速,迅速跟踪目标转速,求解时间控制在10 ms以内,具有较好的实时性,同时对传动系统中的非线性因素和参数变化有较好的鲁棒性。     

纯电动汽车电驱动系统耦合动力学研究EI北大核心CSCD

为研究纯电动汽车电驱动系统运行时的动态特性,考虑电磁时空激励和系统结构柔性,提出了一种适用于变速工况的一体化电驱动系统机电耦合动力学模型,并进行了仿真验证。以动力学分析为手段,重点研究了稳态、加速工况下电机转矩波动、齿轮误差和箱体柔性对电驱动系统动态特性的影响。研究结果表明:在稳态工况下,电机转矩波动对轴承力的影响不明显,齿轮误差会显著增加齿轮动态啮合力矩和轴承支反力的幅值,箱体柔性对齿轮动态啮合力矩的影响较小;在加速工况下,齿轮误差容易激发系统高频成分的共振,耦合箱体后容易激发与转频相关的低阶共振。     

智能混合动力汽车电液复合制动的协调控制策略

为改善智能混合动力汽车智能辅助驾驶时的制动转矩响应,提出了电机与电子真空助力液压制动系统协调控制策略,包括EVB预测启动控制策略和制动转矩协调控制策略。基于期望制动转矩预测,建立了融合EVB动态响应特性的EVB预测启动控制策略。综合考虑电机动态响应特性、响应裕度、EVB动态响应特性和电池荷电状态,提出了基于电机制动转矩动态补偿的制动转矩协调控制策略。仿真结果表明,该协调制动控制策略可在整个制动过程提高制动转矩响应精度,改善系统的动态响应。     

4WID/4WIS电动车建模和特殊工况仿真

介绍了四轮独立驱动/四轮独立转向(4WID/4WIS)电动车的特点,基于Matlab/Simulink搭建了各子系统及整车的动力学仿真模型,设置了该类型电动车特有的驾驶模式选择功能。模型允许对4个车轮输入不同的驱动转矩和转角;考虑了驱动电机、转向电机的动态响应特性。针对4WID/4WIS电动车特有的蟹行、斜行和原地转向工况进行了仿真。结果表明,模型能够较好地反映4WID/4WIS电动车的动力学响应特性。     

分布式驱动电动汽车回馈制动失效的液压补偿控制

分布式驱动电动汽车各驱动轮转速和转矩可以单独精确控制,便于实现整车动力学控制和制动能量回馈,从而提升车辆的主动安全性和行驶经济性。但车辆在回馈制动过程中,一旦1台电机突发故障,其他电机产生的制动力矩将对整车形成附加横摆力矩,从而造成车辆失稳,此时虽可通过截断异侧对应电机制动力矩输出来保证行驶方向,但会使车辆制动力大幅衰减或丧失,同样不利于行车安全。为了解决此问题,提出并验证一种基于电动助力液压制动系统的制动压力补偿控制方法,力图有效保证整车制动安全性。以轮毂电机驱动汽车为例,首先建立了整车动力学模型以及轮毂电机模型,通过仿真验证了回馈制动失效的整车失稳特性以及电机转矩截断控制的不足;然后,建立了电动助力液压制动系统模型,并通过原理样机的台架试验验证了模型的准确性;接着,基于滑模控制算法设计了制动压力补偿控制器,并在单侧电机再生制动失效后的转矩截断控制基础上完成了液压制动补偿控制效果仿真验证;最后,通过实车试验证明了所提控制方法的有效性和实用性。研究结果表明：在分布式驱动电动汽车单侧电机再生制动失效工况下,通过异侧电机转矩截断控制和制动系统的液压主动补偿,能够使车辆快速恢复稳定行驶并满足制动强度需求。     

基于功能安全的分布式驱动电动汽车前轮失效补偿控制

分布式驱动电动汽车可以实现四轮转矩分配和差动转向,提升整车的动力学控制性能和经济性,但是四轮转矩独立可控的特点也对功能安全提出挑战.当前轮单侧电机出现执行器故障失效情况时,不仅会产生附加横摆力矩降低车辆安全性,差动转向功能的存在还会使车辆严重偏航.基于此,在设计分布式驱动-线控转向一体化底盘的基础上,基于功能安全提出一...     

Dynamics characteristics analysis and control of FWID EV

Compared with internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, four-wheel-independently-drive electric vehicles (FWID EV) have significant advantages, such as more controlled degree of freedom (DOF), higher energy efficiency and faster torque response of an electric motor. The influence of these advantages and other characteristics on vehicle dynamics control need to be evaluated in detail. This paper firstly analyzed the dynamics characteristics of FWID EV, including the feasible region of vehicle global force, the improvement of powertrain energy efficiency and the time-delays of electric motor torque in the direct yaw moment feedback control system. In this way, the influence of electric motor output power limit, road friction coefficient and the wheel torque response on the stability control, as well as the impact of motor idle loss on the torque distribution method were illustrated clearly. Then a vehicle dynamics control method based on the vehicle stability state was proposed. In normal driving condition, the powertrain energy efficiency can be improved by torque distribution between front and rear wheels. In extreme driving condition, the electric motors combined with the electro-hydraulic braking system were employed as actuators for direct yaw moment control. Simulation results show that dynamics control which take full advantages of the more controlled freedom and the motor torque response characteristics improve the vehicle stability better than the control based on the hydraulic braking system of conventional vehicle. Furthermore, some road tests in a real vehicle were conducted to evaluate the performance of proposed control method.     

Cooperative control of the motor and the electric booster brake to improve the stability of an in-wheel electric vehicle

A cooperative control algorithm for an in-wheel motor and an electric booster brake is proposed to improve the stability of an in-wheel electric vehicle. The in-wheel system was modeled by dividing it into motor and mechanical parts, and the electric booster brake was modeled through tests. In addition, the response characteristics of the in-wheel system and the electric booster brake were compared through a frequency response analysis. In the cooperative control, the road friction coefficient was estimated using the wheel speed, motor torque, and braking torque of each wheel, and the torque limit of the wheel to the road was determined using the estimated road friction coefficient. Based on the estimated road friction coefficient and torque limit, a cooperative algorithm to control the motor and the electric booster brake was proposed to improve the stability of the in-wheel electric vehicle. The performance of the proposed cooperative control algorithm was evaluated through a hardware-in-the-loop simulation (HILS). Furthermore, to verify the performance of the proposed cooperative control algorithm, a test environment was constructed for the anti-lock braking system (ABS) hydraulic module hardware, and the performance of the cooperative control algorithm was compared with that of the ABS by means of a HILS test.     

AMT驱动构型对纯电动客车综合性能影响研究

为研究自动机械式变速器（AMT）驱动构型对纯电动客车综合性能的影响,以12 m电机直驱纯电动城市客车为研究对象,装备3挡AMT并对驱动电机重新选型,利用NSGA-Ⅱ多目标优化算法以0~50 km·h^-1加速时间最短和中国典型城市工况（普通道路和快速道路）下行驶能耗最低为目标对变速箱传动比进行优化,并制定基于车速和加速踏板开度的双参数动力性与经济性换挡规律,在中国典型城市工况不同道路下,采用2种换挡规律对整车驱动能耗与制动能量回收进行仿真,并利用最大爬坡度及加速时间对整车动力性能进行分析。研究结果表明：与原电机直驱构型下整车性能相比,AMT驱动构型在将驱动电机峰值转矩降低68.4%后,最大爬坡度从20.07%提高到20.3%,0~50 km·h^-1加速时间从14.19 s增加到18.69 s,整车动力性虽满足要求,但加速时间增加了31.7%;其驱动能耗有所降低,但制动能量回收能力有所减弱,且二者都受行驶工况和换挡规律的影响,普通道路行驶时,经济性和动力性换挡规律百公里驱动能耗分别降低了1.55%和0.55%,百公里制动能量回收分别减少了1.35%和1.53%,百公里综合能耗分别降低了-0.12%和1.62%,快速道路行驶时,经济性和动力性换挡规律百公里驱动能耗分别降低4.78%和3.72%,百公里制动能量回收分别减少了1.53%和5.1%,百公里综合能耗分别降低了5.63%和3.35%。可见,纯电动客车采用AMT驱动构型时,需综合考虑车辆设计要求及行驶工况与换挡规律的影响。     

4WD汽车应用粘性联轴器分析

粘性联轴器这一新装置以其独有的特性在四轮驱动汽车上得到广泛应用，粘性联轴器一经确定结构，即可通过转速差自动调节传递转矩的特性，分析了四轮驱动汽车采用粘性联轴器的可能性，介绍了采用粘性联轴器连接的四轮驱动形式和工作原理，阐述了汽车速度，轮胎滑移率对粘性联轴器转速差的影响。     

电动客车轮边驱动电机的转矩分配控制策略研究

轮边驱动电机采用轮毂电机,实现四轮独立驱动,方便汽车动力学性能的控制。对于电动客车,轮边电机驱动以其轻量化、传递效率高等优势正在取代中央直驱的方式,成为现在研究的热点。这种驱动方式取消了离合器和变速器等,驱动电机安装在车轮旁边,结构空间和重量得以大幅度降低电。文章以四轮独立驱动的轮毂电机电动客车为研究对象,通过驱动转矩的合理分配,保证其有最佳的动力性和经济性。     

利用力矩电机全工况仿真汽车转向盘反力矩

在汽车动态模拟系统中，转向盘反力矩的仿真逼真度影响实验驾驶员的操纵行为，从而影响驾驶模拟实验的准确性。本文系统地阐述了利用力矩电机进行全工况仿真汽车转向盘反力矩的原理、力矩电机的工况分析及稳态误差分析等，为全工况仿真汽车转向盘反力矩提供了一种新方法。     

Distributed and self-adaptive vehicle speed estimation in the composite braking case for four-wheel drive hybrid electric car

Considering the controllability and observability of the braking torques of the hub motor, Integrated Starter Generator (ISG), and hydraulic brake for four-wheel drive (4WD) hybrid electric cars, a distributed and self-adaptive vehicle speed estimation algorithm for different braking situations has been proposed by fully utilising the Electronic Stability Program (ESP) sensor signals and multiple powersource signals. Firstly, the simulation platform of a 4WD hybrid electric car was established, which integrates an electronic-hydraulic composited braking system model and its control strategy, a nonlinear seven degrees-of-freedom vehicle dynamics model, and the Burckhardt tyre model. Secondly, combining the braking torque signals with the ESP signals, self-adaptive unscented Kalman sub-filter and main-filter adaptable to the observation noise were, respectively, designed. Thirdly, the fusion rules for the sub-filters and master filter were proposed herein, and the estimation results were compared with the simulated value of a real vehicle speed. Finally, based on the hardware in-the-loop platform and by picking up the regenerative motor torque signals and wheel cylinder pressure signals, the proposed speed estimation algorithm was tested under the case of moderate braking on the highly adhesive road, and the case of Antilock Braking System (ABS) action on the slippery road, as well as the case of ABS action on the icy road. Test results show that the presented vehicle speed estimation algorithm has not only a high precision but also a strong adaptability in the composite braking case.     

Design of Regenerative Anti-Lock Braking System Controller for 4 In-Wheel-Motor Drive Electric Vehicle with Road Surface Estimation

This paper presents a regenerative anti-lock braking system control method with road detection capability. The aim of the proposed methodology is to improve electric vehicle safety and energy economy during braking maneuvers. Vehicle body longitudinal deceleration is used to estimate a road surface. Based on the estimation results, the controller generates an appropriate braking torque to keep an optimal for various road surfaces wheel slip and to regenerate for a given motor the maximum possible amount of energy during vehicle deceleration. A fuzzy logic controller is applied to fulfill the task. The control method is tested on a four in-wheel-motor drive sport utility electric vehicle model. The model is constructed and parametrized according to the specifications provided by the vehicle manufacturer. The simulation results conducted on different road surfaces, including dry, wet and icy, are introduced.