波激和涡激Spar平台在垂荡主共振时垂荡、横摇和纵摇内共振响应（英文）

The objective of this paper is to study the nonlinear coupling internal resonance of the heave, roll, and pitch response performance of a spar platform when their frequencies are in the ratio of 2:1:1 under wave and vortex exciting loads.The three degree-of-freedom(DOF) nonlinear coupled equations are established by considering a time-varying wet surface with a first-order wave force in heave and pitch and a vortex-induced force in roll. The first-order steady-state response is solved using the multi-scale method in heave main resonance. The multiple solutions of the motion equations are discussed using the analytic method and a numerical simulation. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to test the influence of the damping and internal detuning parameter. The regions of multiple solutions are found, and the jump phenomenon exists with the changes of the wave excitation. The regions of multiple solutions depend on the values of damping and detuning parameter.     

考虑一阶和二阶力spar平台垂荡-纵摇非线性耦合运动时域分析（英文）

In this study, the coupled heave-pitch motion equations of a spar platform were established by considering 1st-order and 2nd-order random wave loads and the effects of time-varying displacement volume and transient wave elevation. We generated random wave loads based on frequency-domain wave load transfer functions and the Joint North Sea Wave Project(JONSWAP) wave spectrum, designed program codes to solve the motion equations, and then simulated the coupled heave-pitch motion responses of the platform in the time domain. We then calculated and compared the motion responses in different sea conditions and separately investigated the effects of 2nd-order random wave loads and transient wave elevation. The results show that the coupled heave-pitch motion responses of the platform are primarily dominated by wave height and the characteristic wave period, the latter of which has a greater impact. 2nd-order mean wave loads mainly affect the average heave value. The platform's pitch increases after the 2nd-order low frequency wave loads are taken into account. The platform's heave is underestimated if the transient wave elevation term in the motion equations is neglected.     

双体船纵摇和垂荡运动的理论计算

采用STF方法计算船舶的纵摇和垂荡运动及船舶在不规则波中的统计特性，计算与试验相比较，结果令人满意。     

船舶迎浪垂荡纵摇运动数值模拟

为提高航海模拟器行为真实感,建立高精度的船舶在波浪中运动的数学模型。在势流理论范畴内,以普通切片法为基础,采用刘易斯保角变换法求出船舶各个横剖面的附加质量与阻尼系数,再进一步计算出全船纵向水动力系数与波浪激励力,最终开发出船舶以定常航速在迎浪中垂荡纵摇运动数值模拟程序。对一艘渔船模型的运动进行数值预报,并与试验值做充分的比对,结果表明所开发的程序是可靠稳定的。     

Truss Spar平台非线性垂荡-纵摇耦合随机运动分析(英文)

Considering the static stability and the change of the displacement volume, including the influences of higher order nonlinear terms and the instantaneous wave surface, the nonlinear coupled heave-pitch motion was established in stochastic waves. The responses of heave-pitch coupling motion for the Truss Spar platform were investigated. It was found that, when the characteristic frequency of a stochastic wave is close to the natural heave frequency, the large amplitude pitch motion is induced under the parametric-forced excitation, which is called the Mathieu instability. It was observed that the heave mode energy is transferred to pitch mode when the heave motion amplitude exceeds a certain extent. In addition, the probability of internal resonant heave-pitch motion is greatly reduced while the characteristic wave frequency is away from the natural heave frequency.     

张力腿平台垂向响应纵摇运动研究（英文）

Tendons vertically moor Tension-Leg Platforms(TLPs), thus, a deep understanding of physical tendon stresses requires the determination of the total axial deformation of the tendons, which is a combination of the heave, pitch, and surging responses. The vertical motion of the lateral sides of the TLP is coupled with surge and constitutes a portion of the pitch motion. Tendons are connected to the sides of the TLP; hence, the total displacement of the lateral sides is related to the total deformation of the tendons and the total axial stress. Therefore, investigating the total vertical response at the sides of the TLP is essential. The coupling between various degrees of freedom is not considered in the Response Amplitude Operator(RAO). Therefore, in frequency domain analysis, the estimated vertical RAO is incomplete. Also, in the time domain, only the heave motion at the center of TLP is typically studied; this problem needs to be addressed. In this paper, we investigate the portion of the pitch motion in the vertical response at the sides of the TLP in both the frequency and time domains. Numerical results demonstrate a significant effect of the pitch motion in the vertical motion of the edges of the TLP in some period ranges.     

浅水FPSO垂荡和纵摇运动的低频响应

对软刚臂系泊FPSO在浅水不规则波作用下的垂荡和纵摇运动响应进行数值计算与模型试验研究,水深16.7 m.试验中的波浪校验结果显示,在波浪谱中出现明显低频长波成分.计算结果与试验结果均显示,垂荡和纵摇波浪力、运动响应既有传统的波频成分,也出现显著低于波浪频率的低频成分,而且低频响应的能量和幅值甚至会远大于波频响应.垂荡和纵摇运动的低频响应不具有能量集中的共振频率,而是具有较宽的低频能量分布.这种显著低频响应的出现,与浅水中低频长波的存在有关,表明其不仅对系泊FPSO水平面运动性能影响极大,也会显著影响垂荡和纵摇这类垂直面运动的波浪力和运动响应,在理论预报时需要予以重视.     

Spar平台垂荡一纵摇耦合运动的不稳定性

研究了深水Spar平台垂荡—纵摇耦合不稳定运动的形式和条件。以经典Spar平台为例,基于垂荡包络线概念,分析了平台垂荡—纵摇耦合运动的相互放大效应及"舞动"运动。结果表明,当垂荡包络线周期与纵摇固有周期相等时,纵摇运动失稳;因纵摇对垂荡的耦合影响,垂荡幅值不断增大,同时垂荡运动的变化又影响纵摇运动,使得纵摇幅值小幅度增加,平台运动存在相互放大效应。纵摇失稳后,Spar平台将处在一种奇特的"舞动"运动形式。     

船舶垂荡与纵摇耦合运动频率散射机制研究

针对船舶纵向速度振荡对垂荡与纵摇耦合运动建立运动响应模型,基于弗劳德-克雷洛夫假定,采用切片法推导切片的浮力、阻尼力和惯性力,通过对切片的积分得到了船体垂荡与纵摇的水动力(矩),推导并得到垂荡与纵摇耦合运动响应方程。以某隐身船为实例,初步分析遭遇频率散射强度和散射频率对耦合运动的影响,得到增大散射强度和散射频率可以减弱耦合运动及其剧烈程度的初步结论。     

新型导管架复合式深吃水半潜平台概念导管架对平台整体垂荡、横摇和纵摇运动的影响分析（英文）

导管架复合式深吃水半潜平台是近年来为了适应南海恶劣海况而提出来的新型干树半潜平台概念,主要由传统的深吃水半潜平台和导管架两部分组成。导管架的设计主要是为了支撑上层甲板结构,提高平台稳性和气隙性能。文章主要针对该平台概念的垂直平面运动进行分析,对不同海况下平台系统的数值和模型试验的结果进行了对比分析,运用频域分析方法分析了该平台与传统半潜平台之间的区别。并重点分析了导管架部分对平台垂直平面内的运动造成的影响。结果表明,该平台概念较传统的半潜平台而言具有较好的垂向运动性能,而且导管架部分对平台垂直面内的运动影响较小,导管架设计的主要优势并未受到较大的折减。     

Trussspar平台垂荡一纵摇耦合运动数值模拟研究

采用SESAM软件建立平台模型进行数值模拟,得出平台在规则波浪中附加质量系数、阻尼系数和波浪力,建立平台垂荡-纵摇耦合方程,采用龙格库塔法求解该非线性方程,借助于Matlab软件编制计算程序,建立了垂荡-纵摇运动的非线性耦合算法.针对Spar平台垂荡-纵摇耦合运动响应问题,与SESAM软件中的算法相比,本研究建立的垂荡-纵摇运动的非线性耦合算法更接近实际情况.     

频率散射对船舶垂荡与纵摇耦合运动的影响

为研究遭遇频率散射现象对船舶垂荡与纵摇耦合运动所造成的影响,以某船为研究对象,假设船舶在顶浪航行,通过船舶纵向速度振荡产生频率散射。基于弗汝德—克雷洛夫假定,推导并得到了垂荡与纵摇耦合运动响应方程。采用切片法计算了耦合运动方程中的水动力系数。通过理论求解方法验证了数值求解耦合运动方程的准确性。同时,还分析了散射强度和散射频率单独对耦合运动的影响,以及两者对耦合运动的综合影响。结果表明,增大散射强度和散射频率可以减弱垂荡和纵摇耦合运动及其剧烈程度。     

迎浪状态下三体船垂荡和纵摇运动参数

运用基于势流理论的三维频域格林函数方法对三体船的垂荡、纵摇运动进行参数研究,讨论三体船附体位置对垂荡、纵摇运动的影响。将计算结果与实验结果进行对比,比较结果表明数值计算是可靠的。设计了十二种不同附体位置配置方案,并计算出各个方案在三个航速下的垂荡和纵摇频率响应函数曲线。计算结果表明:(1)航速对三体船的垂荡、纵摇运动影响剧烈,随着航速提高,运动幅值增加明显;(2)当三体船的航速为零时,附体位置对垂荡、纵摇的影响不明显,随着三体船航速的增加,附体位置对垂荡、纵摇影响也随之变大;(3)附体纵向位置变化对垂荡、纵摇的影响要大于其横向位置变化的影响。     

横摇-垂荡复合激励下液舱晃荡的压力特性研究

采用基于VOF法的多相流模型研究横摇与垂荡复合激励下二维矩形液舱的两自由度晃荡问题。对比分析单独横摇激励与横摇-垂荡复合激励下晃荡压力的变化特点。结果表明,复合激励下的晃荡压力曲线呈多种周期形式,垂荡激励的加入对晃荡压力有放大效应,但此效应在2个激励频率相近时表现不明显。对复合激励的压力时程曲线进行傅里叶分析,统计两者及两者之和、之差共4种主要频率对应的压力的幅值变化,发现随着垂荡频率的增大,横摇频率对晃荡压力的影响逐渐降低,同时其余3种频率对晃荡压力的影响逐渐增大。     

浮体升沉和纵摇运动对甲板上浪载荷影响数值研究（英文）

In this paper, the influence of heave and pitch motions on green water impact on the deck is numerically investigated. The vessel motions are determined using a potential theory based method and provided as input to finite volume based CFD computations of green water phenomenon. A dynamic mesh approach is adopted to determine instantaneous body positioning in the fluid domain.Detailed validation studies with published experimental results for 2D and 3D fixed vessel cases are initially performed to validate the present numerical approach before studying the moving vessel problem. The results show that inclusion of heave and pitch motion changes the disturbed wave field near the bow which influences the free surface as well as the impact loading due to green water. The effect of wave steepness on green water impact is also investigated and it is seen that the present numerical method is capable of capturing green water load. It is observed that the effects of vessel motions on green water load are not negligible and one should consider this effect too. The incorporation of vessel motions in the vertical plane affects the green water loading on the deck.     

新型导管架复合式深吃水半潜平台概念导管架对平台整体垂荡、横摇和纵摇运动的影响分析

导管架复合式深吃水半潜平台是近年来为了适应南海恶劣海况而提出来的新型干树半潜平台概念,主要由传统的深吃水半潜平台和导管架两部分组成。导管架的设计主要是为了支撑上层甲板结构,提高平台稳性和气隙性能。文章主要针对该平台概念的垂直平面运动进行分析,对不同海况下平台系统的数值和模型试验的结果进行了对比分析,运用频域分析方法分析了该平台与传统半潜平台之间的区别。并重点分析了导管架部分对平台垂直平面内的运动造成的影响。结果表明,该平台概念较传统的半潜平台而言具有较好的垂向运动性能,而且导管架部分对平台垂直面内的运动影响较小,导管架设计的主要优势并未受到较大的折减。     

船舶参数激励非线性运动升沉(纵摇)-横摇耦合关系的研究

本文考虑船舶参数激励非线性运动 ,导出了升沉与横摇耦合系数的计算公式 ,计算了耦合系数值 ,探讨了升沉对横摇的影响 ,进一步揭示了升沉 (纵摇 )能量向横摇运动转移的机理 ,这对于高海情下船舶运动控制具有重要意义。     

大幅船舶横摇运动非线性附加质量惯性矩和阻尼矩特性的非参数识别（英文）

This study aims to investigate the nonlinear added mass moment of inertia and damping moment characteristics of largeamplitude ship roll motion based on transient motion data through the nonparametric system identification method. An inverse problem was formulated to solve the first-kind Volterra-type integral equation using sets of motion signal data. However, this numerical approach leads to solution instability due to noisy data. Regularization is a technique that can overcome the lack of stability; hence, Landweber's regularization method was employed in this study. The L-curve criterion was used to select regularization parameters(number of iterations) that correspond to the accuracy of the inverse solution. The solution of this method is a discrete moment, which is the summation of nonlinear restoring, nonlinear damping, and nonlinear mass moment of inertia. A zero-crossing detection technique is used in the nonparametric system identification method on a pair of measured data of the angular velocity and angular acceleration of a ship, and the detections are matched with the inverse solution at the same discrete times. The procedure was demonstrated through a numerical model of a full nonlinear free-roll motion system in still water to examine and prove its accuracy. Results show that the method effectively and efficiently identified the functional form of the nonlinear added moment of inertia and damping moment.     

破损进出水对船舶参数横摇的影响（英文）

船舶破损进水不一定会导致船舶倾覆,在破损流动过程以及破损流动达到稳定之后,破损船舶的运动特性非常值得研究。文章主要基于CFD方法和势流方法研究了破损进水对船舶参数横摇的影响。首先基于非定常RANS方程结合VOF方法,研究了破损舱室的破损流动过程,并且通过已有的模型试验,验证了计算方法的可靠性;然后,基于三维时域混合源法,考虑破损进出/水引起的额外载荷,研究了破损流动对破损船舶参数横摇运动的影响。研究表明,破损流动对横摇幅值的影响类似于被动减摇水舱,并且影响力度与破损舱室所在的纵向位置有关。     

船舶横摇阻尼的CFD数值模拟研究（英文）

船舶横摇阻尼是影响参数横摇和瘫船稳性等大幅横摇运动的关键参数。文中基于非定常RANS方程在静水中对模型2792进行了自由横摇衰减的数值模拟,该模型是船舶第二代完整稳性衡准制定中瘫船稳性研究的国际标准船模,数值模拟中采用了两种网格类型,一种是滑移网格,另一种重叠网格。计算结果表明,数值模拟的自由横摇衰减曲线和模型试验结果吻合良好,另外CFD计算的横摇阻尼与试验值的误差小于Ikeda’s经验公式计算的误差,证明非定常RANS方程可用于预报横摇阻尼。