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基于ITS的协同物流信息平台的构建 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
分析了ITS技术在物流业中的应用以及给现代物流的发展带来的影响,结合物流活动的实际情况,提出了基于ITS的协同物流信息平台,把ITS技术应用和现代物流的发展充分融合在一起,为物流的研究和实践提供一种新思路。 相似文献
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根据旅游景区特点,开发一款适用于旅游景区和旅游城市的多用途医疗服务车,满足正常医疗服务需要。 相似文献
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具有同时配送和回收需求的车辆路径问题的混合遗传算法 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
介绍了具有同时配送和回收需求的车辆路径问题(VRPSDP),并对其进行了描述,建立了该问题的数学规划模型。结合2-opt法和等级替换策略等设计了求解VRPSDP的一种混合遗传算法,给出了该算法初始种群的两种生成规则———随机生成和构造初始种群,设计了相应的交叉和变异算子,并详细阐述了违反约束条件的处理方法。通过随机模拟试验以及与其他方法的对比分析表明:该算法可有效缩短车辆行驶距离,而构造初始种群则在一定条件下可显著提高混合遗传算法的收敛速度并改善其运行结果。 相似文献
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考虑真实交通路网,探讨了可获知偶发拥堵持续时间的动态车辆路径问题.在利用改进的Dijksta算法将路段行驶时间转化为客户点间最短行驶时间的基础上,根据常发拥堵信息,通过遗传算法安排车辆初始配送路径,根据实时获知的偶发拥堵因素影响下的路段行驶时间和其持续时间,以2-opt和insertion方法更新车辆配送路径,通过车载导航系统实时指导车辆行驶路线.数值试验表明,该方法可根据偶发拥堵信息更新车辆配送路线,以避开偶发拥堵影响路段,缩短总配送时间0.65~13.18 min;获知偶发拥堵持续时间帮助多节省了配送时间 -0.16~4.17 min.节省的时间随偶发拥堵因素对路网影响的加剧而更显著. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTConventional travel time reliability assessment has evolved from road segments to the route level. However, a connection between origin and destination usually consists of multiple routes, thereby providing the option to choose. Having alternatives can compensate for the deterioration of a single route; therefore, this study assesses the reliability and quality of the aggregate of the route set of an origin-destination (OD) pair. This paper proposes two aggregation methods for analyzing the reliability of travel times on the OD level: 1) an adapted Logsum method and 2) a route choice model. The first method analyzes reliability from a network perspective and the second method is based on the reliability as perceived by a traveler choosing his route from the available alternatives. A case study using detailed data on actual travel times illustrates both methods and shows the impact of having variable departure times and the impact of information strategies on travel time reliability. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTThis article introduces the Halphen distribution family for modeling travel time distributions and their reliability on single road links. This probability family originally used in hydrology has a set of relevant characteristics. It is composed of three probability distribution functions for which the mathematical properties are described here. The article uses a graphical representation, the δ-Moment Ratio Diagram (δ-MRD). This tool allows characterizing travel time reliability as well as selecting best distribution candidates within the fitting processes, by considering empirical data sets. A systematic methodology is developed to take advantage of both aspects. From maximum log-likelihood estimation, it is shown that Halphen distributions are among the best state-of-the-art solutions for the travel time modeling purpose. This global framework is validated using two empirical data sets: an urban data set gathered in Portland, Oregon (USA), and a periurban data set from Lyon (France). The model calibration is eased through the use of the δ-MRD; this property opens new research directions about the mapping between traffic states and statistical modeling. It comes from all these considerations that the Halphen family is suitable to describe accurately the travel time dynamics on single links. Therefore, it could be part of a decision support system for practitioners interested in travel time variability. 相似文献
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利用探测车数据进行路段行程时间估计面临着两类误差:采样误差和非采样误差,从而导致估计结果精度不高和可靠性差。在回顾已有估计方法的基础上,有针对性地引入了自适应式卡尔曼滤波,建立了相应的状态方程和观测方程,利用相似时间特征的历史数据标定了状态转移系数,并对滤波进行了求解。以实际数据对估计方法进行了验证,平均相对误差为13.13%。研究表明,自适应式卡尔曼滤波能够应用到基于探测车数据的路段行程时间估计中来,并具有估计精度高、收敛速度快、参数少、对初值不敏感等优点。 相似文献
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车辆路径问题的模拟退火算法 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
在构造车辆路径问题(Vehicle Routing Problem,VRP)数学模型后,采用路径间调整和路径内优化方法,结合模拟退火算法策略对该问题进行求解。重点阐述了VRP模拟退火算法的设计思路,详细分析和编制了求解程序框图,并实现了计算机求解。仿真测试结果表明:采用模拟退火算法求解VRP效果显著,计算速度较快,与有关算法对比显示了较强的实用性和可操作性,为解决大规模VRP提供了一种有效算法。 相似文献
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The management of vehicle travel times has been shown to be fundamental to traffic network analysis. To collect travel time measurement, some methods focus solely on isolated links or highway segments, and where two measurement points, at the beginning and at the end of a section, are deemed sufficient to evaluate users' travel time. However, in many cases, transport studies involve networks in which the problem is more complex. This article takes advantage of the plate scanning technique to propose an algorithm that minimizes the required number of registering devices and their location in order to identify vehicles candidates to compute the travel times of a given set of routes (or subroutes). The merits of the proposed method are explained using simple examples and are illustrated by its application to the real network of Ciudad Real. 相似文献
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以广州市ITS共用信息平台的建设为背景,提出基于出租车GPS定位技术的ITS共用信息平台实时路况信息采集及处理方法。针对ITS共用信息平台信息采集范围大、准确性和实时性要求高的需求特点,具体研究队列方式的道路拓扑存储方法,利用出租车计费器进行奇异数据剔除的方法,分区搜索和边界矩形相结合的GPS地图匹配方法和循环队列与A*算法相结合的路况计算方法等一整套基于出租车GPS定位数据的实时路况信息采集和处理的方法,并提出了基于J2EE架构的平台数据处理服务器的实现方案。广州市ITS共用信息平台示范工程的实际应用表明,该方法具有良好的效果和广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
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结合国内外的研究现状,基于实时GPS数据和高架线圈检测数据的数据融合处理技术,给出了面向动态导航的实时交通信息服务系统的总体框架,实现了城市路网的实时交通流状态估计;通过构建实时交通信息系统,借助无线通讯方式为车辆提供实时交通信息和动态路径规划服务,实现了在动态路径规划基础上的车辆动态导航。 相似文献
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The routing and scheduling for trucks and vans in an urban road network depends critically on the state of the road network. Trucks and vans impose significant costs on other road users and the environment, so improved routing and scheduling benefits more than just the logistics industry. However, small and medium size enterprises (SMEs) in the logistics business cannot justify investment in planning systems. In this paper, an autonomous routing and scheduling system which is available to SMEs is proposed and the efficiency of the system is investigated. The proposed system accumulates vehicle location data in a central server and uses it to generate traffic information. Test simulations using a grid network demonstrate the effects of utilizing and sharing vehicle location data on delivery efficiency. The simulation results show that the improvement of delivery efficiency is mainly due to the reduction of penalty cost for early and late arrival at the customer location. It is also shown that the system leads to the buffer effect from variations in traffic conditions on delivery cost and this effect is enhanced by taking travel time uncertainty into consideration. It is further shown that the presence of measurement periods with insufficient data results in unreliable routing and scheduling. For a reliable system, data collection over a wider area is required rather than dense data in a subset of links. 相似文献
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全天候车辆视频检测白天和黑夜车辆时其检测条件差异很大,要选择不同的检测方法。在夜间无补光光源环境下,将摄像机获得的彩色视频图像进行灰度处理,夜间图像中汽车前照灯具有很强的特征,因此对灰度图像进行二值化处理和灰度统计来提取前照灯的特征,根据汽车前照灯在画面中的形态特征设计了相应的定位算法,实现了夜间车辆的定位检测。实验结果表明,该方法实现夜间车辆定位的突出特点是定位准确,且定位时间短,满足了视频交通系统实时性的要求。 相似文献
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交通信息服务条件下的出行选择分析 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:12
首先 ,探讨了出行者的出行心理、行为以及信息之间的相互关系 ,在此基础上 ,简要分析了出行者的出行选择。其次 ,考虑在交通信息服务条件下 ,由于出行者本身以及信息方面的原因 ,出行选择可能出现过激反应、集聚反应等问题。最后 ,针对上述问题 ,提出应该加以重视的或有待进一步研究的几个问题。 相似文献