上海复兴东路双管双层公路越江隧道工程施工技术

文章介绍了上海复兴东路双管双层越江隧道施工中泥水盾构的施工特点以及盾构姿态自动监测系统、PMS泥水体系、联络通道和江中泵房冻结法、引道段基坑开挖和混凝土结构等施工技术的研究和应用.     

大直径泥水平衡盾构在冻结加固土体中的进出洞施工技术

地铁隧道采用大直径泥水平衡盾构进行施工,一次推进完成上、下行区间隧道,这在国内尚属首次。本文以上海轨道交通某标段工程为例,详细叙述了大直径泥水平衡盾构于冻结法加固的土体中进行风井进出洞的施工技术和措施,并取得了良好的施工效果,保证了工程安全和工期要求。     

宁波轨道交通越江隧道盾构法施工控制技术研究

轨道交通越江隧道工程一旦发生事故将造成巨大的社会影响和财产损失。详细分析了宁波越江隧道盾构施工场地的土层及地下障碍物分布情况,对越江隧道盾构在不同地层及软硬分界面处施工、控制河床冲淤对隧道施工的影响、处理管片上浮、结泥饼、穿越河流段浅覆土等关键技术及工程风险进行了分析评价,提出了越江隧道穿堤设计和施工合理化建议,为软土地区轨道交通越江区间隧道盾构施工提供技术参考。     

大直径泥水盾构施工小半径曲线隧道的质量控制措施

上海长江西路越江隧道系采用15.43m泥水气压盾构施工,为避开逸仙路高架桩基和轨交3号线高架桩基,曲线段隧道的最小转弯半径仅为910m。通过对盾构设备的优化、管片的合理拼装、盾构姿态控制等措施,使隧道轴线平面偏差控制在±40mm内,高程偏差控制在±30mm内;施工中未出现管片碎裂现象,其盾尾间隙均匀,从而保护了盾尾钢丝刷,规避了盾尾漏浆等施工风险,积累的经验可供类似工程参考。     

成都地铁盾构4标段泥水与土压两种盾构机的适应性分析

成都地铁盾构4标段是成都地铁一号线盾构施工试验段,为便于以后盾构机能更准确地选型,本试验段分别采用一台泥水盾构机与一台土压盾构机进行左右线的掘进.通过对两台掘进机的适应性分析可以看出:泥水盾构的缺点是容易堵塞、出碴效率低、对地层完整性要求高、在含泥地层中容易封住开口、对进出洞密封要求高、施工中需要较大场地、施工成本高;优点是对地层扰动小、便于带压进舱.土压平衡盾构的缺点是刀盘磨损严重、地表沉降控制难度高,带压进舱困难;优点是不受出碴限制、掘进速度快、便于维护、成本低.施工实践证明:在地表要求不太严格的情况下适于用土压平衡盾构;在地表要求高、场地较大情况下,适合用泥水盾构.     

上海外滩隧道工程大直径盾构出洞施工技术概述

本文通过对上海外滩隧道工程盾构出洞试验段施工技术的分析和总结,详细介绍了大直径土压平衡盾构出洞技术参数的确定和盾构掘进过程的控制,所形成的施工经验对盾构后续穿越外白渡桥和外滩万国建筑群奠定了良好的基础,确保了外滩隧道工程的顺利进行。     

大直径泥水盾构机穿越复杂环境分区施工控制技术

地质条件、周边环境保护、隧道线形等是盾构机施工参数设定的控制性因素。结合南京轨道交通某大直径泥水盾构越江隧道分区施工控制的理念,总结了各区段的特点并提出针对性的施工控制技术;提出了考虑分区适应性的泥水管路技术参数计算方法;根据各区段的特点和特殊节点的技术要求,提出了泥水压力、同步注浆填充率、推进速度等关键盾构机掘进参数。分区施工控制技术可降低复杂环境下盾构机施工风险,对类似工程整体施工控制具有一定的参考和借鉴意义。     

上海西藏南路隧道盾构进洞地基处理技术

因受施工场地和地质条件等因素的限制，上海西藏南路隧道东线盾构接收井洞口采用高压旋喷桩加降水进行地基处理，保证了大型泥水平衡盾构机顺利进洞。详细叙述了高压旋喷桩布置、降水措施的设计思路、施工控制、实施效果等内容，可为今后类型工程提供借鉴。     

地面超载对大型盾构施工扰动位移的影响

上海军工路越江隧道工程中泥水系统由于地面条件所限,布置于施工隧道上方,紧临防汛墙的盾构隧道施工影响区域内。泥水系统庞大的自重荷载及设备振动荷载造成地面超载,从而对周围土体产生扰动,造成较为复杂的位移,影响施工过程。本文通过对该隧道工程施工过程中地面超载条件下土体扰动位移进行监测,来研究位移变化规律,分析变化原因,预测发展趋势。     

上海崇明越江通道长江隧道工程综述（一）——长江隧道工程设计

介绍了上海长江隧桥（崇明越江通道）工程的建设背景、规模和上海长江隧道建设的自然条件;阐述了工程总体设计方案,以及超大直径盾构隧道管片结构、大深度高水压管片防水、长距离隧道通风系统和防灾体系等关键技术方案;描述了两台Ф15430泥水加压复合盾构机的性能特点;叙述了隧道总体施工方案和盾构隧道施工正面稳定、大直径隧道抗浮、长距离施工测量、内部结构同步施工、成淡交替土层环境条件下连接通道施工等长大越江隧道关键施工技术方案和风险预案措施。     

古人的出游

山川之美,古来共谈.旅游诗化人生,也诗化了运输文化.李白"轻舟已过万重山",杜牧"停车坐爱枫林晚",王禹"信马悠悠野兴长",陆游"细雨骑驴入剑门",还有人"春晚驱车到古祠,看花复诵旧题诗".     

A framework for evaluating the dynamic impacts of a congestion pricing policy for a transportation socioeconomic system

This paper provides a modeling framework based on the system dynamics approach by which policy makers can understand the dynamic and complex nature of traffic congestion within a transportation socioeconomic system representation of a metropolitan area. This framework offers policy makers an assessment platform that focuses on the short- and long-term system behaviors arising from an area-wide congestion pricing policy along with other congestion mitigation policies. Since only a few cities in the world have implemented congestion pricing and several are about to do so, a framework that helps policy makers to understand the impacts of congestion pricing is currently quite relevant. Within this framework, improved bus and metro capacities contribute to the supply dynamics which in turn affect the travel demand of individuals and their choice of different transportation modes. Work travel and social networking activities are assumed to generate additional travel demand dynamics that are affected by travelers’ perception of the level of service of the different transportation modes, their perception of the congestion level, and the associated traveling costs. It is assumed that the, population, tourism and employment growth are exogenous factors that affect demand. Furthermore, this paper builds on a previously formulated approach where fuzzy logic concepts are used to represent linguistic variables assumed to describe consumer perceptions about transportation conditions.     

单线铁路隧道水平岩层施工技术

南吕梁山隧道2#斜井进口围岩以水平层状泥岩、泥灰岩、灰岩为主,层理和节理裂隙发育,爆破后拱部极易出现平顶、落石、掉块、塌顶等现象,快速掘进、成本控制、安全风险等均难以得到保证。文章通过对开挖方法、超前加固、控制爆破、初期支护、监控量测等思考,提出了单线铁路隧道水平岩层施工中短台阶法开挖、超前小导管注浆、弱控制爆破、拱部中空注浆锚杆支护,以及地质超前预报、加强施工监测等主要施工方法和技术措施。     

Forecasting ridership for a metropolitan transit authority

The recent volatility in gasoline prices and the economic downturn have made the management of public transportation systems particularly challenging. Accurate forecasts of ridership are necessary for the planning and operation of transit services. In this paper, monthly ridership of the Metropolitan Tulsa Transit Authority is analyzed to identify the relevant factors that influence transit use. Alternative forecasting models are also developed and evaluated based on these factors—using regression analysis (with autoregressive error correction), neural networks, and ARIMA models—to predict transit ridership. It is found that a simple combination of these forecasting methodologies yields greater forecast accuracy than the individual models separately. Finally, a scenario analysis is conducted to assess the impact of transit policies on long-term ridership.     

Scheduling considerations for a branching transit route

This paper addresses the impacts of different scheduling alternatives for a branching transit route. It examines different schedule alternatives that might be used to optimize the route performance in terms of the passenger traveling time distributed among branch passengers and trunk‐line passengers. The schedule alternatives considered include transit vehicle allocation to different branches, offset shifting across vehicles on different branches, and vehicle holding (slack time) in the transit vehicle schedule. With these variables, several vehicle schedules are devised and examined based on a wide variety of possible passenger boarding scenarios using deterministic service models. Test outcomes provide general conclusions about the performance of the strategies. Vehicle assignment leading to even headways among branches is generally preferred for the case of low passenger demand. However, when passenger demand is high, or the differences between the passenger demands on branches are significant, unequal vehicle assignment will be helpful to improve the overall route performance. Holding, as a proactive strategy in scheduling, has the potential to be embedded into the schedule as a type of slack time, but needs further evidence and study to determine the full set of conditions where it may be beneficial. Offset shifting does not show sufficient evidence to be an efficient strategy to improve route performance in the case of low or high passenger demand.     

Introducing a commute-energy performance index for Flanders

Based on 2001-census data for Belgium, energy consumption levels for commuting were calculated and mapped on the basis of residential locations in the administrative regions of Flanders and Brussels. Comparison with regional differentiations in commuting distances, modal shares of non-car travel modes and aspects of infrastructure and population densities clarifies some relationships between energy consumption, commuting behaviour and spatial-economic structure in the suburbanised historic–polycentric spatial structure which characterises the northern part of Belgium. It is found that mode choice appears to be of little impact for the energy performance of home-to-work travel on the scale of the Flanders region. At the other hand, proximity between home and work locations is paramount.Residential density plays a part in this, although much depends on the specific situation. This is also the case for the accessibility of the main road and rail network. In some regions these infrastructures induce long-distance commuting, whereas in the economic core areas this effect is much less pronounced. All these are factors that are very much determined by infrastructural and spatial policies of the past.     

城市浅埋隧道的病害整治

结合南京鼓楼隧道工程实例,重点论述了复杂地质条件下浅埋城市隧道大规模维修加固的工程概况,分析了隧道的病害及原因,开展了隧道加固方案、结构的力学计算及渗漏水的综合治理研究工作,提出了有效的设计方案和加固措施.该隧道竣工后使用三年以来的实践表明:采取增设钢筋混凝土壁板拱的措施有利于加强隧道结构的受力,使其长期变形趋于稳定,提高了结构的安全及耐久性;新增壁板拱起到结构防水壳及防水通道的作用;对隧道原初期支护和二次衬砌间隙采取注浆充填及其他防渗漏、抗裂缝措施,其效果显著.这次维修加固设计与施工的成功经验对今后类似工程具有一定的借鉴作用.