基于设计特征的FRIENDSHIP船型参数化方法及实现

船型设计是船舶总体设计中一项极其复杂且又重要的内容,船舶的结构设计、性能计算、总布置等都要以船型为依据,因此,如何实现船型参数化设计尤为重要。FRIENDSHIP系统为船型设计提供了基于Feature特征和仿真驱动设计的参数化方法和实现机制。在对船型参数化基本理论———特征参数、特征曲线和曲面生成等进行详细阐述的基础上,以某型船艉部裸船体为例,具体阐述了船型参数化的实现流程,以及以Feature、Curveengine和Meta surface为特征机制的船型参数化的具体步骤。以Feature特征为核心的船型参数化方法不仅能为船型曲面的快速建立提供技术支撑,还可以为性能分析和优化提供基础条件。     

基于参数化船型的阻力优化研究

船型几何模型的参数化表达,是船型多学科设计优化的基础。其作用是为各学科分析和优化提供一个统一的几何模型,并根据各学科分析结果自动修改调整船体型线。文中尝试使用Friendship进行船体完全参数化建模,并使用该软件中的feature编程功能编程实现shipflow型值数据的提取;通过改变一系列重要的船型参数实现变换船型几何模型,以获得满足性能需求的船型。最后利用该软件的优化框架,采用切线搜索法 (Tangent Search, TSearch) 完成1300TEU集装箱船的兴波阻力优化,优化球首和前体船体曲面。结果表明,该参数化方法在改进船型水动力性能方面有很好的效果。     

基于参数化CAD模型的船型阻力/耐波性一体化设计

在舰船概念设计阶段,往往需要快速生成阻力和耐波性能兼优的船型。采用基于母型船的船型融合生成方法,实现了参数化船型自动生成。在此基础上,采用iSight优化平台,将参数化船型生成技术与阻力、耐波性计算模型集成,运用多学科设计优化技术实现了船型阻力/耐波性性能一体化设计。优化方法采用多目标遗传算法以获取Pareto前沿。以一艘46 000 DWT油船的型线优化为算例对这个过程进行了具体说明,试验结果表明总阻力降低了3%,验证了这种方法的可行性。     

CAE在船舶性能研究领域的应用

论述了计算机辅助工程(Computer Aided Engineering,简称CAE)技术的重要性及其在船舶性能领域应用的可行性。从原理、特点、功能、构成、应用效果及未来发展诸方面介绍了中国船舶科学研究中心在CAE技术领域自主创新的技术成果和在研项目,其中包括船型设计系统、水动力性能预报系统、数字水池试验系统、数值水池仿真系统和船舶技术性能数据库等五大系统。上述诸系统既相互独立,又有机联系,共同构成船舶性能研究的综合系统。     

保证耐波性能的目标函数的Wigley船型优化(英文)

The research performed in this paper was carried out to investigate the computational procedure to design seakeeping optimized ship hull form. To reach the optimized hull form, four stages should be done, which consists of: generate alternative hull form, seakeeping calculations, objective functions and optimization techniques. There are many parameters that may be determined in ship hull form optimization. This paper deals with developed strip theory for determining the seakeeping performance, genetic algorithm(GA) as optimization method, high order equations for curve fitting of the hull form and finally reaching to the minimum bow vertical motion in regular head waves. The Wigley hull is selected as an initial hull and carried to be optimized. Two cases are considered. For the first case, the only form coefficients of the hull(C B, C M, C W, C P) are changed and main dimensions(L, B, T) are fixed. In the second case both hull form and main dimensions are varied simultaneously. Finally, optimized hull form and its seakeeping performances are presented. The results of optimization procedure demonstrate that the optimized hull forms yield a reduction in vertical motion and acceleration.     

基于主要尺度要素的船型变换

针对船舶设计优化过程中性能计算提出一种船型变换方法,以7个主要尺度要素为变量改变船型,由母型船快速派生出系列船型,并以某三体船主体为示例,阐述船型变换的基本原理.     

Hydrodynamic optimization of ship hull forms in shallow water

A computational method for improving hull form in shallow water with respect to wave resistance is presented. The method involves coupling ideas from two distinct research fields: numerical ship hydrodynamics and nonlinear programming techniques. The wave resistance is estimated by means of Morinos panel method, which is extended to free surface flow and considers the influence of finite depth on the wave resistance of ships. This is linked to the optimization procedure of the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) technique, and an optimum hull form can be obtained through a series of iterations giving some design constraints. Sinkage is an important factor in shallow water, and this method considers sinkage as a hydrodynamic design constraint. The optimization procedure developed is demonstrated by selecting a Wigley (C _B = 0.444) hull and the Series 60 (C _B = 0.60) hull, and new hull forms are obtained at Froude number 0.316. The Froude number specified corresponds to a lower than critical speed since most of the ships operating in shallow water move below their critical speed. The numerical results of the optimization procedure indicate that the optimized hull forms yields a reduction in wave resistance.     

船舶水动力性能的数值优化集成系统研究

通过一艘船球首优化的算例,介绍了一种船舶水动力性能数值优化集成系统。可在船舶设计的初期阶段进行主尺度组合优化和船体曲面的优化。采用该优化集成系统,可有效缩短设计周期、大幅降低成本、效率大大提高。     

参数化的船型设计方法

根据特征参数和特征线,生成光顺的船体线型是造船工作者梦寐以求的目标。基于光顺曲线的参数化设计,提出了参数化的船型设计方法。该方法可根据特征参数和特征线快速开发出具有优秀航行性能的、光顺的船舶型线。设计实例表明了该设计方法的可行性。     

基于数值模拟方法的深潜水作业支持船快速性综合优化

该文针对一型具有水下多种工程作业功能的 3000 m 深潜水作业支持船的大型复杂船型,基于数值模拟方法进行了快速性综合优化研究。通过数值模拟,对于船体首部形状、尾封板高度及小尾鳍角度等变化,分析了其改变的首、尾部线型对船体阻力及伴流的影响;根据分析计算结果综合优化了船体线型,预估在限定功率下的船舶航速,并在水池对最终优化后船型进行了模型试验。结果表明：试验结果与数值预估结果吻合,验证了数值计算的准确性以及大型复杂工程船型线型综合优化设计思路的正确性。     

特征驱动的T样条船体曲面参数化设计方法研究

为提高船体曲面生成和修改的便捷性、灵活性,提高船型优化设计效率,并且克服NURBS曲面表征船体曲面的一些不足,提出一种基于T样条技术的船体曲面参数化设计方法.将船体曲面特征参数分为全局、船首、船中和船尾4组,依据这些参数建立T样条控制网格,用单一的T样条曲面即可完成船体曲面和局部特征造型,大大减少了控制点数量.通过特征参数直接驱动船体曲面调整,使船型修改变得直观和简便,且更具有针对性.以典型水面舰船船体曲面表征为例,说明所提方法在船体曲面造型及修改方面的能力和优势,该方法可大大提高船型优化设计效率,具有较大的理论意义和实用价值.     

基于综合航行性能最佳的大型船舶船型参数的一种设计方法

本文提出了一种在复杂航态条件下基于船舶综合航行性能最佳的船型参数确定方法,编制了计算软件.大量计算结果表明:软件运行稳定性好、可靠性高.使用该软件能方便地得到各设计变量的航行性能综合最优可能性分布函数,该函数直观地反映了船舶最佳综合航行性能随单个设计变量的变化规律,为解决设计变量间对于性能综合贡献量化比较和船舶多航态情况下船舶综合航行性能最佳的船型参数确定提供了一种具有实用价值的方法;为船舶设计方案的综合评估、船舶参数的综合决策和提高船舶设计效率准备了条件.     

Hull-form optimization using parametric modification functions and particle swarm optimization

The focus of this paper is on devising designer-friendly hull-form variations coupled with optimization algorithms. Hull-form variations are carried out through parametric modification functions. Two kinds of representative optimization algorithms are considered here. One is the well-known sequential quadratic programming which is the derivative based. The other is particle swarm optimization which is the derivative free. The results applying these two algorithms to typical hull-form optimization problems are discussed in the paper. The technique using the parametric modification functions has been developed for modifying the ship’s geometry according to the widely recognized naval architect’s design practice. An original geometry can be easily deformed through the change of the variables of the modification functions; and useful information about the effect of the parameters is immediately obtained. Moreover, the variables of the modification functions can be considered as the design variables in the formulation of the optimization problem. For the performance prediction of the hull form, WAVIS version 1.3 is used for the potential-flow and RANS solver. Computational results for both single- and multi-objective problems are presented.     

基于变值法的船型优化层次分析法模型研究

采用层次分析法理论和变值法,提出船舶船型技术经济性层次分析方法,建立起船舶船型经济评价的层次分析数学模型。通过对珠江干线3000吨级散货船的船型进行实例研究分析,得出了船型优化综合评价指标的排序,得出综合最优船型。在此基础上,对影响船型方案的参数进行敏感性分析。本文提出的船型方案层次分析的经济评价方法,对优化船型的优化设计具有理论研究和实用价值。     

近似技术在船型阻力性能优化中的应用研究

船体型线优化过程中,通常要利用高精度的CFD软件对船舶的相关性能进行数值求解。这将耗费大量的时间,导致船型优化效率降低。为有效提高船型优化的效率,提出将近似技术应用于船型自动优化中,以代替CFD数值求解。探讨了样本点选取、样本集形成及近似模型实现途径等问题。以一艘1300TEU集装箱船的线型优化为例,构建船体兴波阻力的Kriging近似模型,并将其应用于球鼻首的优化中。计算结果表明,基于Kriging模型的船型优化是一种实用而且有效的方法。     

船体曲线曲面的B样条光顺

根据给定的船体型值点，以三次非均匀B样条为光顺函数，采用整体光顺方法，以应变能最小、曲率变化均匀为准则，以控制点为未知量，建立最优化问题的约束方程并求解，实现船体曲线的光顺。根据曲线的相对曲率线图，将优化后的光顺B样条船体曲线与插值B样条曲线、传统最小二乘法逼近曲线进行了比较。构[循规蹈矩本曲面，以UV方向上的单参数曲线族或站线、水线、纵剖线方向的截面曲线族为研究对象，以曲线族的应变能之和最小为准则，进行光顺处理，最后，以NURBS为统一数学表达式，根据光顺后得到的控制点网络，应用双三次非均匀有理B样条得到光顺的船体曲面。     

基于近似模型的载重46 000 t油船阻力性能优化

以低速肥大型船的线型优化为研究对象,针对部分关键问题进行深入研究。将近似模型方法应用于船型优化工作,以使用有限数量的高精度CFD计算结果建立的近似模型来代替优化过程中复杂耗时的CFD数值计算,利用团队开发的船舶水动力性能多学科综合优化平台完成载重46 000t油船的线型优化,并进行验证。     

Hydrodynamic optimization of a catamaran hull with large bow and stern bulbs installed on the center plane of the catamaran

Here, a numerical optimization procedure is proposed for a fundamental study of a fast catamaran, and we compare the wave-making characteristics of a catamaran hull form with and without large bow and stern airship-type bulbs installed on the center plane of a catamaran operating at high speed. The method involves coupled ideas from two distinct research fields: numerical ship hydrodynamics and a nonlinear programming technique. The wave-making characteristics of catamaran hulls with and without bulbs were investigated using the panel method applied to free surface flow (PAFS), in which Morinos method for lifting bodies is extended to analyze the problem of free surface flow, and PAFS is linked to the optimization procedure of the sequential quadratic programming (SQP) technique. An optimum hull form for a catamaran can be obtained through a series of iterative computations, subject to some design constraints. Here, only the hull shape of a catamaran is optimized with and without center-plane bow and stern bulbs. The optimization is carried out at two Froude numbers, 0.45 and 0.5, which are around the last hump of the wave-making resistance curve. The numerical results show that a reduction in wave-making resistance is achieved around the design speed.     

船舶中央冷却系统节能优化设计研究

现代船舶设计中,节能设计成为船舶设计成败的关键之一。为了降低船舶的燃油消耗,除通过优化船体线型减小船体阻力、增加桨径提高推进效率外,还可以通过对一些系统进行优化布置来实现一定的节能目的。以一型5万吨级散货系列船为例,利用功能关系转换的方法,通过表列比较其中央冷却系统改进前后对燃油消耗量的变化,证实了改进后的系统对燃油消耗量有所降低,从而说明通过对动力系统优化布置是可以达到一定的节能效果。