刹车间隙自动调整臂（一）

最近,在国家新推行的汽车制动法规中正计划要求S凸轮鼓式制动的重型车包括客车、载重车和挂车需配备刹车间隙自动调整臂,该装置能自动地保证制动鼓和制动摩擦片之间的间隙(刹车间隙)恒定。由于国内目前普遍采用的是手动调整臂,故自动调整臂还是一种比较新的产品。但在国外这早已不是什么新鲜事物,早在70年代末,为提高车辆制动安全性,许多汽车制造商已将刹车间隙自动调整臂作为标准部件加以广泛采用。 本连载将对该产品作一简要介绍。     

刹车（制动）间隙自动调整臂（二）：两种不同类型的刹车（制动）间隙自动调整臂

制动衬片磨损后,制动间隙(制动鼓和制动衬片间的间隙)应能及时得到补偿。这对提高公路运输安全性有着极其重要的意义。ECER-13(联合国欧洲经济委员会法规)和71/320/ECE(欧洲经济共同体法规)规定所有采用S凸轮制动的重型车皆需配备刹车(制动)间隙自动调整臂。     

冰雪来临 检查刹车

寒冷的冰雪天令每一位司机都很苦恼，开车也很危险，要么起不来，要么停不住。在雪天驾车切忌急刹车，否则极易出危险。但有了紧急情况却一定要踩刹车，如果您的刹车系统十分出色，也许可避免重大的安全事故发生，要是刹车性能不好，也许……     

Haldex刹车间隙自动调整臂在EQ153车桥上的应用

阐述了Haldex刹车间隙自动调整臂的结构、工作过程、安装、维修及常见故障的原因分析及解决措施。     

山区高速公路自动刹车带的设置与探讨

以广东省京珠高速公路粤境北段工程为例,介绍山区高速公路上自动刹车带的设置,并对自动刹车带的设置与设计提出探讨.     

气压盘式制动器的优势

盘式制动器的制动响应性能、抗热衰退性及制动效能稳定性均明显优于鼓式制动器。气压盘式制动器无制动增势作用,制动过程平和,盘式制动器能大大改善城市客车的制动噪声问题,大大提高了商用车（尤其是城市公交车）制动的环保性和舒适性。     

制动系统保养与维护

制动系统是车辆最重要系统之一,如果该系统保养不当,就会影响车辆的行驶安全,甚至会发生车毁人亡的惨剧.因此特别提醒常年奔波在城际间的长途客运车驾驶员一定要定期检查和维护制动系统,特别是对关键部件的保养尤为重要.     

Combined control of a regenerative braking and antilock braking system for hybrid electric vehicles

Most parallel hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) employ both a hydraulic braking system and a regenerative braking system to provide enhanced braking performance and energy regeneration. A new design of a combined braking control strategy (CBCS) is presented in this paper. The design is based on a new method of HEV braking torque distribution that makes the hydraulic braking system work together with the regenerative braking system. The control system meets the requirements of a vehicle longitudinal braking performance and gets more regenerative energy charge back to the battery. In the described system, a logic threshold control strategy (LTCS) is developed to adjust the hydraulic braking torque dynamically, and a fuzzy logic control strategy (FCS) is applied to adjust the regenerative braking torque dynamically. With the control strategy, the hydraulic braking system and the regenerative braking system work synchronously to assure high regenerative efficiency and good braking performance, even on roads with a low adhesion coefficient when emergency braking is required. The proposed braking control strategy is steady and effective, as demonstrated by the experiment and the simulation.     

Transient switching control strategy from regenerative braking to anti-lock braking with a semi-brake-by-wire system

Regenerative braking is an important technology in improving fuel economy of an electric vehicle (EV). However, additional motor braking will change the dynamic characteristics of the vehicle, leading to braking instability, especially when the anti-lock braking system (ABS) is triggered. In this paper, a novel semi-brake-by-wire system, without the use of a pedal simulator and fail-safe device, is proposed. In order to compensate for the hysteretic characteristics of the designed brake system while ensure braking reliability and fuel economy when the ABS is triggered, a novel switching compensation control strategy using sliding mode control is brought forward. The proposed strategy converts the complex coupling braking process into independent control of hydraulic braking and regenerative braking, through which a balance between braking performance, braking reliability, braking safety and fuel economy is achieved. Simulation results show that the proposed strategy is effective and adaptable in different road conditions while the large wheel slip rate is triggered during a regenerative braking course. The research provides a new possibility of low-cost equipment and better control performance for the regenerative braking in the EV and the hybrid EV.     

电动汽车的再生制动研究

随着能源和环保问题的日益突出,电动汽车成为汽车发展的新热点,但续驶里程短又成为制约电动汽车发展的一个关键因素。本文研究了电动汽车再生制动的应用原理以及再生制动对于提高电动汽车续驶里程的意义,分析了再生制动功率和能量及再生制动能量利用率,介绍了几种再生制动控制策略。     

Co-operative control for regenerative braking and friction braking to increase energy recovery without wheel lock

This paper presents a regenerative braking co-operative control algorithm to increase energy recovery without wheel lock. Considering the magnitude of the braking force available between the tire and road surface, the control algorithm was designed for the regenerative braking force at the front wheel and friction braking force at the rear wheel to be increased following the friction coefficient line. The performance of the proposed regenerative braking co-operative control algorithm was evaluated by the hardware in the loop simulation (HILS) with an electronic wedge brake on its front wheels and an electronic mechanical brake on its rear wheels. The HILS results showed that a proper braking force on the front and rear wheels on a low μ road prevented the lock of the front wheels that was connected to the motor, and maintained the regenerative braking and increased energy recovery.     

High-speed trains subject to abrupt braking

The dynamic response of high-speed train subject to braking is investigated using the moving element method. Possible sliding of wheels over the rails is accounted for. The train is modelled as a 15-DOF system comprising of a car body, two bogies and four wheels interconnected by spring-damping units. The rail is modelled as a Euler–Bernoulli beam resting on a two-parameter elastic damped foundation. The interaction between the moving train and track-foundation is accounted for through the normal and tangential wheel–rail contact forces. The effects of braking torque, wheel–rail contact condition, initial train speed and severity of railhead roughness on the dynamic response of the high-speed train are investigated. For a given initial train speed and track irregularity, the study revealed that there is an optimal braking torque that would result in the smallest braking distance with no occurrence of wheel sliding, representing a good compromise between train instability and safety.     

自动制动系统护航安全城市驾驶

四分之三的车辆碰撞发生在低速行使时。沃尔沃（Volvo）汽车公司为最新SUV（运动型多功能车）设计了一种新的基于传感器的制动系统来减少这种风险     

汽车制动时侧滑情况分析及减轻侧滑的措施

汽车在滑溜的路面上(附着系数小)以较高速度行驶, 对传统制动系的汽车而言, 当紧急制动时或当制动器制动力大于地面附着力时, 车轮会抱死,容易出现侧滑、 甩尾和失去转向能力. 下面分析当后轮抱死和前轮抱死时汽车的运动状态.     

Limit braking of a high-performance motorcycle

A mathematical-model-based study of the limit braking of a high-performance motorcycle and rider is described. Front and rear brakes are operable independently. A dry road and high friction are presumed, such that full braking of the front wheel would lead to an overturn or ‘stoppie’ in colloquial parlance. Effective braking needs to maintain some loading on the rear wheel. A planar but otherwise detailed system model is set up and braking strategies for front and rear are devised. Parameters of the braking control schemes are derived with the help of an optimisation process, minimising the final speed in braking from high speed over a fixed time interval. Simulation results are examined critically and the strategy is developed until efficient use of the friction available is made. The nature of optimal braking events is demonstrated. The influences of slipper-clutch torque setting and the rear-tyre target load chosen are shown.