客车供暖系统

介绍客车燃油液体加热器的特点、供暖量的计算及管路的连接方法。     

车用加热器降低汽油机冷起动排放的试验研究

通过液体燃油加热器对车用电喷汽油发动机冷却液进行预热,进行了机动车低温冷起动过程的排放试验研究。台架试验证明:加热器可大幅度降低发动机低温冷起动阶段的排放。经燃油加热器预热后,按欧Ⅲ标准,前两个15工况循环下的累积排放量在不经催化转化器时,HC降低了31.4%,CO下降2.8%,NOx下降59.5%。燃油加热器自身的累积排放量HC为原机的3.1%,CO为4.6%,而NOx仅为原机的1.8%。试验中还对同时利用燃油加热器排温预热起燃催化转化器进行了探索。     

一种新型燃油喷射式液体加热器

介绍北京京威汽车设备有限公司新开发的YJP-Q系列燃油喷射式液体加热器的结构、性能及使用与维护。     

汽车用空气燃油加热器

空气燃油加热器(原名为独立式暖风装置,以下简称加热器)是供现代汽车和工程机械采暖的一种较好装置,以燃烧液体(或气体)燃料产生热量,使冷空气变为热空气,然后送至驾驶室或车厢采暖。随着严寒地区的开发,加热器可显著改善驾驶员的工作条件和工作效率,以及乘员的舒适性。中汽公司所属武汉汽车车身附件研究所于1978     

国内外汽车燃油加热器技术比较及发展

分析国内外汽车燃油加热器机和各子系统的技术差异，并展望国产汽车燃油加热器的技术发展。     

中国重汽燃油加热装置新技术

目前中国重汽卡车股份在技术上采用了喷射液体加热器的自动程序控制原理实施发动机冷却水快速升温的方法,发明了实用新型燃油加热装置技术。该项新型生产技术从化解低温燃油析出的蜡质角度解决冷启动问题,大大提高了工艺工效及产品质量,为企业增加了巨额效益。在长期的燃油加热实践中,现有汽车冷启动装置主要是靠火焰预热系统加热,由预热塞升温达到一定点火温度的方     

燃油加热器在北方城市客车上的应用

分析并提出利用燃油加热器改善发动机低温起动的措施;利用燃油加热器时改善城市机动车节能减排、提高驾乘人员的舒适性及安全性的影响。     

客车燃油加热器的匹配计算

通过对客车发动机预热起动过程和客车厢体的传热过程的分析，得到所需燃油加热器功率计算的通用公式，为不同规格的客车选用燃油加热器提供依据。     

液体燃油加热器在危险品运输车上的应用

随着我国经济建设的不断发展,危险品的运输量也在不断的增加。为了保证危险品运输车在冬季里能够正常起动,也需要在危险品运输车上加装低温冷起动装置。文章结合公司的实例对危险品运输车加装液体燃油加热器的相关问题进行了讨论。     

解决车辆柴油发动机低温环境冷启动的一种新方案

目前车辆柴油发动机解决冷启动的问题,主要采用加装燃油加热器的方案,但这种方案也存在一定的不足,笔者通过分析影响柴油发动机冷启动的因素和燃油加热器的工作原理找出现方案的不足,并提出一种新的解决方案.     

接触电阻对燃油表指示不准的影响与改进

为了解决液位传感器在使用过程中产生的接触电阻对油表指示的影响,本文主要分析了2PIN及3PIN燃油泵液位传感器的工作原理及改进措施,改进后的验证结果表明:3PIN液位传感器能够有效消除接触电阻对油表指示的影响。本文可为燃油系统工程师提供设计指导。     

捷达轿车以液化石油气为燃料的研究

利用国产液化石油气装置，对捷达轿车的燃料供给系统进行了改造，使之既能燃用汽车又能燃用液化石油气。论述了所采用的液化石油气装置的组成，并对其主要部件的结构、工作原理等进行了介绍。对该车进行了调试、试验、并与燃用汽油时的排放情况进行了对比分析。     

摩托车燃油蒸发控制系统油气分离技术的研究与应用

针对现有摩托车燃油蒸发控制系统中油气分离技术的不足,通过大量研究与试验,开发出采用先进油气分离技术的油气分离器,该分离器可有效防止液态燃油从燃油箱经通气管溢出到活性炭罐,还可省去常规的防倾倒阀,成本低、性能可靠、安装方便,对油箱改动小,较常规技术有明显的优势。     

以集液盒为主的实用新型专利的技术要点及应用分析

以集液盒为主的实用新型专利的主要是针对汽车底盘技术领域出现的燃油箱问题而开发的专利技术及实施方案。该专利以集液盒原理和使用改进以及带有集液盒的燃油箱的技术分析和方案设置,从而有效解决碳罐失效的问题。本文以集液盒为主的实用新型专利为研究重点,分析该专利的技术要点及在汽车底盘领域的具体应用。     

进气门关闭状态下喷油时刻对汽油机性能的影响

为了改善进气道喷射式发动机性能,采用台架试验和数值计算的方法对喷油时刻与进气道喷射式汽油机性能之间的关系进行了研究。研究结果表明：在进气门关闭状态下进行燃油喷射,发动机运行工况不同,喷油时刻对发动机性能的影响规律不同,小节气门开度时推迟喷油时刻会导致 HC 排放升高和发动机动力性下降,大节气门开度时喷油时刻的改变对发动机性能的影响可以忽略。通过数值计算分析发现该变化规律与附壁油膜挥发速率有直接关系,在小节气门开度条件下,附壁油膜无法完全挥发,会增加燃油以液态形式进入气缸的量,从而使发动机性能下降,而处于大节气门条件下,较高的机体温度使得附壁油膜挥发速率加快,降低液态燃油的量,从而改善发动机性能。因此,进气道喷射发动机可以在小节气门开度时采用两次燃油喷射方式提升发动机性能,而在大节气门开度下则无需考虑喷油时刻的影响。     

Low temperature premixed combustion within a small bore high speed direct injection (HSDI) optically accessible diesel engine using a retarded single injection

An optically accessible single-cylinder high speed direct-injection (HSDI) Diesel engine equipped with a Bosch common rail injection system was used to study low temperature Modulated Kinetics (MK) combustion with a retarded single main injection. High-speed liquid fuel Mie-scattering was employed to investigate the liquid distribution and evolution. By carefully setting up the optics, three-dimensional images of fuel spray were obtained from both the bottom of the piston and the side window. The NOx emissions were measured in the exhaust pipe. The influence of injection pressure and injection timing on liquid fuel evolution and combustion characteristics was studied under similar fuel quantities. Interesting spray development was seen from the side window images. Liquid impingement was found for all of the cases due to the small diameter of the piston bowl. The liquid fuel tip hits the bowl wall obliquely and spreads as a wall jet in the radial direction of the spray. Due to the bowl geometry, the fuel film moves back into the central part of the bowl, which enhances the air-fuel mixing process and prepares a more homogeneous air-fuel mixture. Stronger impingement was seen for high injection pressures. Injection timing had little effect on fuel impingement. No liquid fuel was seen before ignition, indicating premixed combustion for all the cases. High-speed combustion video was taken using the same frame rate. Ignition was seen to occur on or near the bowl wall in the vicinity of the spray tip, with the ignition delay being noticeably longer for lower injection pressure and later injection timing. The majority of the flame was confined to the bowl region throughout the combustion event. A more homogeneous and weaker flame was observed for higher injection pressures and later injection timing. The combustion structure also proves the mixing enhancement effect of the liquid fuel impingement. The results show that ultra-low sooting combustion is feasible in an HSDI diesel engine with a higher injection pressure, a higher EGR rate, or later injection timing, with little penalty on power output. It was also found that injection timing has more influence on HCCI-like combustion using a single main injection than the other two factors studied. Compared with the base cases, simultaneous reductions of soot and NOx were obtained by increasing EGR rate and retarding injection timing. By increasing injection pressure, NOx emissions were increased due to leaner and faster combustion with better air-fuel mixing. However, smoke emissions were significantly reduced with increased injection pressure.     

气体燃料在沥青拌和站中的应用

从燃烧设备的投资成本、燃料消耗使用成本、节能环保性和燃料对沥青拌和站整体的使用影响等方面．对搅拌设备使用气体燃料和液体燃料的状况进行对比分析,得出了使用气体燃料具有经济、环保等优点的结论．可为沥青搅拌站的燃料选择提供参考。     

浅析我国LNG客车的发展概况

分析了液化天然气的优良特性，介绍了液化天然气汽车燃料系统主要组成部分的功能和原理，阐述了发展液化天然气汽车的重要意义，提出了我国发展液化天然气汽车存在的问题和建议。     

Phenomenological two-phase multi-zone combustion model for direct-injection diesel engines

This paper proposed a quasi-dimensional combustion model from a new observed two-phase penetration and combustion phenomenon in diesel spray. In the model, fuel spray was divided into two of liquid and gas phase areas. Considering the phenomenon that separation of gas and liquid phase in diesel spray occurs during spray penetration, gas and liquid area of spray are discretized respectively. Liquid phase areas play important role in fuel mass transport, however gas phase areas are the main region for fuel combustion in the model. Fuel and air mixing rate of gas phase zone is the key for the calculation of combustion rate. Validation experiments are designed by using optimal Latin hypercube design method. Comparison of calculations and experiments show that the model is able to predict diesel engine performance at different engine speeds, loads, and injection pressure and timing, and provides guidance for the design of engines.     

燃料电池汽车储氢方案的安全性与实用性比较

分析了燃料电池汽车采用液氢、高压气氢和金属氢化物储氢3种不同储氢方案的安全性和实用性，结果表明液氢方案的加注站安全性、泄漏安全性和易操作性方面优于气氢方案，并且在有效载荷与空间、燃料经济性、续驶里程、加速性能和最高车速等实用性方面也好于气氢方案。