关于MPV车型第三排头部空间不足问题的车身优化方案

随着三孩政策的开放,汽车市场7座家用MPV车型需求逐步增大,因受限于造型特征、整车尺寸以及车内安全带等布置限制,第三排乘坐空间较小,易产生压抑感,乘坐舒适度较低,如何在已有的条件限制先充分提升第三排乘坐空间,改善乘坐舒适性已成为各主机厂重点考虑的问题,本文介绍一种改善第三排头头部空间的安全带布置方案以及对应车身结构设计...     

Occupant position detection system (OPDS) for side airbag system

In order to prevent injury of the occupant of the passenger seat when a side airbag deploys, we have developed an occupant position detection system. It detects the occupant's head entering the side airbag deployment zone. If so, the side airbag operation is inhibited and an indicator light on the side airbag alerts the occupant to the improper sitting position. It detects accurately the occupant's size and the head entering the side airbag deployment zone, using an occupant identification algorithm and electrostatic capacity sensors under the seat trim cover which determine the dielectric around the seat surface.     

基于数值分析的发动机正时盖渗油问题研究

针对某发动机在进行耐久性试验时出现的缸盖、罩盖、正时盖三结合面附近渗油现象,通过建立发动机的有限元分析模型,模拟汽车发动机的冷机工况,运用数值分析的方法,对发动机冷机工况下正时盖与缸盖、罩盖之间接触面的压力以及渗油点附近各部件的变形量进行分析,确定正时盖渗油原因与渗油点附近螺栓座刚度不足有关。加强螺栓座及其附近结构的刚度之后,正时盖不再渗油。     

人性化儿童安全座椅改良途径研究

在许多交通事故中,如果有安全座椅的保护,儿童可以避免死亡或受伤。家长们现在也意识到了安全座椅的重要性,但目前儿童安全座椅实际使用率却很低,这与儿童座椅本身的人性化设计有关。为了提高儿童安全座椅的舒适性和趣味性,文章从儿童身心特点出发,对儿童座椅造型、材料、功能方面的改良途径进行了探讨,提出了通过造型与材料的完美结合来实现座椅怀抱式感觉,增加趣味组件实现座椅趣味化,使用网络技术+智慧硬件实现座椅感知功能、交互功能等人性化改良途径。     

嘉绍大桥刚性铰专用支座设计

嘉绍大桥为六塔独柱四索面钢箱梁斜拉桥,其主梁中跨跨中区域设置刚性铰。针对刚性铰结构的特殊要求,设计出一种具有柔性减振并可调节高度的球型钢支座。该支座由楔形板、轴承座、摩擦副、球冠衬板、橡胶减振垫、剪力卡榫、滑动板等组成。通过在刚性铰中的磨耗试验对比,支座摩擦副滑板材料选择了对温度的敏感程度和在相同压应力下摩擦系数均低于改性超高分子量聚乙烯的聚四氟乙烯。采用在下支座板上硫化一层橡胶减振垫的柔性减振措施减小支座承受的应力峰值,避免冲击破坏。通过对3种支座高度调节方案对比,选择了更适于刚性铰结构、操作简单、可无级调高且可以实现调低功能的楔形板调高方案。     

An Original Feedback Control with a Reversible Electromechanical Actuator Used as an Active Isolation System for a Seat Suspension. Part II: Experimental Study

From the theoretical study presented in [1], we investigate the experimental feasibility of the active seat suspension to improve ride comfort. The prototype of the reversible electromechanical actuator used in the active seat suspension is presented. First, the kinematic guide with a vertical auto-levelling system is described. Second, the electromechamical actuator and the power drive transmission are presented. It is noticed that the prototype design is achieved with a systemic approach taking into account the industrial constraints. Then, the laboratory experimental setup is described. Several tests are performed on the prototype for model validation and performance purposes. Correct force feedback control in the actuator is verified. The real performances of the active seat suspension on a prototype is investigated for different pertubation inputs. Experimental results clearly show the efficiency of the active seat suspension to improve passenger comfort and demonstrate its feasability.     

An Original Feedback Control with a Reversible Electromechanical Actuator Used as an Active Isolation System for a Seat Suspension. Part II: Experimental Study

From the theoretical study presented in [1], we investigate the experimental feasibility of the active seat suspension to improve ride comfort. The prototype of the reversible electromechanical actuator used in the active seat suspension is presented. First, the kinematic guide with a vertical auto-levelling system is described. Second, the electromechamical actuator and the power drive transmission are presented. It is noticed that the prototype design is achieved with a systemic approach taking into account the industrial constraints. Then, the laboratory experimental setup is described. Several tests are performed on the prototype for model validation and performance purposes. Correct force feedback control in the actuator is verified. The real performances of the active seat suspension on a prototype is investigated for different pertubation inputs. Experimental results clearly show the efficiency of the active seat suspension to improve passenger comfort and demonstrate its feasability.     

V250双缸电喷发动机活塞烧蚀的研究(1)

在化油器摩托车改制电喷摩托车过程中发现,电喷发动机在使用中油门全开时,火花塞垫片温度及排气温度较化油器发动机要高,影响了电喷摩托车的骑乘舒适性,并且发动机的使用寿命、特别是活塞的使用寿命会降低。通过调整电喷发动机全油门状态下的点火角和空燃比,改善发动机缸头的散热条件,来达到降低发动机火花塞垫片温度、保护发动机、延长发动机使用寿命的目的。     

汽车座椅布置设计CAD系统的研制

乘坐舒适性是汽车座椅的重要性能，它包括静态舒适性和动态舒适性。设计座椅的位置，满足以驾驶员为中心的人机关系和坐姿要求是座椅设计的前提。提出了座椅位置及其调节范围设计的有效方法，并研制了相应的CAD系统，可以帮助厂商明确座椅位置设计的要求，并获得一系列信息，为汽车生产商和座椅供应商提供了一种良好的对话工具。     

Validation of a Nonlinear Automotive Seat Cushion Vibration Model

A low-order, lumped parameter model is proposed to describe the vertical vibration compliance of an automotive seat. The model includes nonlinear stiffness and damping effects that mimic the properties exhibited by open cell foams that are commonly used in the construction of an automotive seat cushion. A shaped sandbag was positioned on a seat cushion and vibrated to obtain test data. White noise acceleration with amplitude ranging from 0.05 g rms to 0.45 g rms in increments of 0.05 g rms was used to excite the seat track. A luxury car seat and a sports car seat were tested and a nonlinear seat model was identified that predicts the actual test data with fidelity. The paper demonstrates that once a family of model parameters is identified for a particular seat, then the model can be used for a wide spectrum of seat track inputs. Additional experiments also verified that when the sandbag mass was increased by as much as 50%, the predicted response using the proposed model was in agreement with the measured response. Finally, the paper reports the result of an experiment using a human subject on a seat cushion. A simulation using the new cushion model and an ISO vibration model of a seated human produced response data that was very similar to the actual test data.     

Hierarchical optimisation on scissor seat suspension characteristic and structure

Scissor seat suspension has been applied widely to attenuate the cab vibrations of commercial vehicles, while its design generally needs a trade-off between the seat acceleration and suspension travel, which creates a typical optimisation issue. A complexity for this issue is that the optimal dynamics parameters are not easy to approach solutions fast and unequivocally. Hence, the hierarchical optimisation on scissor seat suspension characteristic and structure is proposed, providing a top-down methodology with the globally optimal and fast convergent solutions to compromise these design contradictions. In details, a characteristic-oriented non-parametric dynamics model of the scissor seat suspension is formulated firstly via databases, describing its vertical dynamics accurately. Then, the ideal vertical stiffness-damping characteristic is cascaded via the characteristic-oriented model, and the structure parameters are optimised in accordance with a structure-oriented multi-body dynamics model of the scissor seat suspension. Eventually, the seat effective amplitude transmissibility factor, suspension travel and the CPU time for solving are evaluated. The results show the seat suspension performance and convergent speed of the globally optimal solutions are improved well. Hence, the proposed hierarchical optimisation methodology regarding characteristic and structure of the scissor seat suspension is promising for its virtual development.     

集成式汽车儿童安全座椅的设计与仿真

提出了一种新型集成式汽车儿童安全座椅.该座椅位于汽车后排中间位置,增高座垫的高度可根据儿童身高无级调节.相对于常规使用的附加式儿童安全座椅,该座椅无须安装,避免了儿童座椅的误用.利用MADYMO软件建立了该装置调整到不同高度的仿真模型,研究了3岁、6岁和10岁儿童假人正面碰撞时的响应,并通过对6岁假人的碰撞仿真分析,得出其关键设计参数.仿真结果表明,所设计的集成式座椅能够在正面碰撞中对3岁到10岁的儿童提供有效的保护.     

Development and performance analysis of an automotive power seat for disabled persons

As the number of disabled people grows, independence and mobility become a priority for those individuals. To achieve this goal, a ‘Turny-type power seat’ was developed in this study to assist a disabled person rise from a vehicle without trouble. The design and modeling of the power seat were performed using AutoCAD and CATIA software. The major motions of the power seat system are swiveling, sliding, and extending, which are accomplished primarily by DC motors, chains, and gears. Most of the power seat parts were made from mild steel. Welding technology was used throughout the frame fabrication. To ensure the safety and stability of the power seat, various tests were performed, and the results analyzed. The static analysis of the power seat was carried out by ANSYS 11.0. The results showed that the power seat conformed to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards. The durability test was performed by repeatedly rotating and sliding the power seat under loading conditions. Dynamic crash simulation was carried out using the LS-DYNA software. The durability test ensured a longer life of the power seat, while the crash analysis showed a small rotational distortion that was not harmful to passengers. However, the front seat had a slightly larger forward displacement, which was not comfortable for passengers. Therefore, further modifications of the power seat should be done to improve the performance, with attention given to the reduction of the forward displacement in the event of a crash.     

An Original Feedback Control with a Reversible Electromechanical Actuator Used as an Active Isolation System for a Seat Suspension. Part I: Theoretical Study

This paper provides an overview of a theoretical study of an active seat suspension. The principal objective of this study is to improve ride passenger comfort by reducing transmitted seat acceleration. The seat is represented by a non-linear two degree of freedom model. The system is linearized for small perturbations around the equilibrium. To control the dynamic of the seat suspension, an original feedback control command with a reversible electromechanical actuator is achieved. The synthesis of the regulator is realized on the linearized model of the seat suspension and the root locus method is employed. Stability and robustness characteristics have been studied. Numerical simulations in time and frequency domain show the interests of the regulator and its capability to isolate seat passenger.     

基于拉拽安全性能的汽车座椅优化设计

首先,基于国家标准GB14167—2013《汽车安全带固定点》中的座椅拉拽安全性能试验规程对汽车座椅单体进行建模仿真,并经试验验证模型的可靠性.然后,为改善座椅拉拽安全性能并实现轻量化,同时考虑NVH性能对座椅结构模态频率的要求,从概念设计阶段到详细设计阶段,对座椅骨架进行拓扑优化和尺寸优化.在概念设计阶段,通过多个静...     

An Original Feedback Control with a Reversible Electromechanical Actuator Used as an Active Isolation System for a Seat Suspension. Part I: Theoretical Study

This paper provides an overview of a theoretical study of an active seat suspension. The principal objective of this study is to improve ride passenger comfort by reducing transmitted seat acceleration. The seat is represented by a non-linear two degree of freedom model. The system is linearized for small perturbations around the equilibrium. To control the dynamic of the seat suspension, an original feedback control command with a reversible electromechanical actuator is achieved. The synthesis of the regulator is realized on the linearized model of the seat suspension and the root locus method is employed. Stability and robustness characteristics have been studied. Numerical simulations in time and frequency domain show the interests of the regulator and its capability to isolate seat passenger.     

Seatbelt and seatback control for occupant protection in frontal automotive collisions

This paper investigates the potential benefits of an imminent collision prediction system for improving occupant protection in a frontal automotive crash. Knowledge of an impending unavoidable crash is assumed to be known 100 ms before the crash occurs. A three dof human occupant model is developed using a Lagrangian approach to represent occupant translation with respect to seat, torso rotation and neck rotation. The performance of traditional elastic seat belts is compared with that of an analytically calculated seat belt law in which the force values are calculated in real-time so as to just prevent collision with car interior. Simulations verify that the analytical seat belt force calculation results in less force on occupant for the same level of safety. Furthermore, results show that knowledge of a future collision can be used to pre-tension seat belts but can provide no additional benefits, if seat belts are the only means for active occupant protection. However, if seat tilt-back can be deployed using an on–off mechanism, such predictive knowledge of a future collision can provide significantly improved occupant protection in terms of preventing occupant collision with car interior.     

汽车正撞时后排座椅安全性的CAE分析与改进设计

构建了带假人和安全带等约束系统的汽车后排座椅骨架的多刚体和有限元耦合计算模型,根据欧洲座椅法规ECER17的规定,模拟正面碰撞后排座椅安全性台车试验,对座椅骨架冲击强度和假人动态响应等进行了CAE分析.根据分析结果提出改进方案,并进行相应的仿真和试验验证.     

浅析中国汽车儿童安全座椅的发展现状及前景预测

当今社会,儿童乘车也成了一大焦点,保障儿童乘车安全性自然也就成了社会关注的焦点。据统计,中国是一个儿童安全座椅制造大国,在消费方面来讲却是个消费小国,这样的发展现状不得不引起我们对其分析研究,这不仅是对企业未来发展的研究,更是对国人安全保障的研究。各个公司推出的不同种类的儿童安全座椅通过实验也告诉大家,正确使用儿童安全座椅可以大幅度降低儿童在乘车过程当中发生交通事故的伤亡率。     

A study of locomotive driver's seat vertical suspension system with adjustable damper

This paper shows that laboratory measurements can be used for the identification of structure and parameters of commercial seat vertical suspension system model. A commonly used single-degree-of-freedom suspension model does not suffice. The system model presented is based on Zener's structure and clearly describes the dynamic properties of a vertical seat suspension with an adjustable damper. The model introduced, augmented with seat cushion dynamic model, predicts the seat vertical vibration mitigation properties under field conditions with a reasonable accuracy. Optimisation of the adjustable damper setting is performed using a two-objective function optimisation technique. This enables us to optimise not only the exerted vertical vibration acceleration but also the seat relative vertical displacement (stroke). Optimisation was facilitated for the particular suspended seat without the requirement of further field measurements. In addition, a two-parameter optimisation was performed showing possible further improvement in both objectives at the manufacturer's discretion. This study could be representative of driver's seats equipped with vertical seat suspension system using an air-spring and an adjustable damper.