建言献策关注民生——全国政协委员这功臣谈溢油应急体系建设问题和水电开发需要兼顾流域经济发

编者按:三月的北京春意盎然,第十一届全国人民代表大会和全国政协会议隆重召开.作为全国政协委员,交通部海事局常务副局长刘功臣向会议提交了加强溢油应急体系建设、金沙江水电开发需进一步兼顾流域经济发展、保障交通基础设施建设用地需求三个提案.提案件件关注民生民情,反映社情民意,引起了媒体的广泛关注.     

政协委员建言航运科学发展

3月3日15时,全国政协十一届三次会议在北京人民大会堂隆重开幕。来自交通运输行业的二十多位政协委员精心准备,积极为行业发展建言献策。本刊现选登全国政协委员、交通运输部安全总监刘功臣就加快海员队伍发展和推进全国内河船型标准化问题提交的两个提案,以及全国政协委员、原交通部长江航务管理局局长金义华关于优化长江三峡水库综合调度问题的提案,听听他们对我国航运科学发展的睿智务实之言。     

发展海员队伍 扩大就业服务

2009年3月3日,全国政协十一届二次会议在北京举行,2000多位政协委员就关系我国改革发展稳定大局和人民群众切身利益的重要问题积极建言献策,切实履行职责。全国政协委员、交通运输部海事局常务副局长刘功臣此次向大会提交了《关于加快海员队伍发展,为扩大就业和新农村建设服务》的提案,建议加快海员队伍发展,为扩大就业和新农村建设服务。     

政协委员建议发展海员队伍为扩大就业和新农村建设服务

全国政协委员刘功臣此次向大会提交了《关于加快海员队伍发展，为扩大就业和新农村建设服务》的建议。     

建言传递人民心声献策关注航运发展——访全国政协委员刘德洪

3月3日至15日,全国政协十届五次会议在北京召开。全国政协委员刘德洪向大会提交了九项提案。提案中涉及航运发展、水上安全、防止水域污染的相关内容,引起了媒体的广泛关注。为此,本刊记者专程采访了刘德洪委员。     

繁荣创新促进航运发展建言献策传递人民心声--访全国政协委员刘德洪

全国政协委员刘德洪在全国政协十届四次会议上提交了五项提案，主要涉及航运发展、水上安全、防止水域污染等方面，引起广泛关注。日前，本刊记者就提案的相关内容采访了刘德洪委员。[编者按]     

用心守望这片蔚蓝——就尽快淘汰单壳油轮专访中国海事局常务副局长刘功臣

2008年的“两会”期间,全国政协委员、中国海事局常务副局长刘功臣向大会提交了《关于加强溢油应急体系建设的建议》,以2007年底发生在韩国海域的“Hebei Spirit”轮污染事故为警戒,痛陈溢油事故造成海洋污染的重大危害,呼吁加快我国溢油应急力量建设,加快淘汰单壳油轮。     

两会委员话港航

全国政协委员、交通运输部安全总监 刘功臣 作为内河运输系统重要环节的船舶，存在平均吨位小、船型杂乱等问题。中央财政应进一步加大资金投入，从成品油消费税税收增量资金中筹集部分资金，     

两会委员话港航

全国政协委员、交通运输部安全总监 刘功臣 作为内河运输系统重要环节的船舶，存在平均吨位小、船型杂乱等问题。中央财政应进一步加大资金投入，从成品油消费税税收增量资金中筹集部分资金，     

免征海员个人所得税壮大海员队伍

“全国政协十届五次会议”和“十届全国人大五次会议”(简称“两会”)在春光明媚的三月于北京召开,围绕“十一五”交通水运发展目标及行业关注热点的问题,本刊特精选7位全国人大代表或全国政协委员在会上的提案建言,以飨读者。     

Specialization and economic impact of the ports of Montreal,Quebec, Saint John,and Halifax

Specialization in cargoes and forelands is defined for the ports of Montreal, Quebec, Saint John, and Halifax using a variation of the location quotient. Economic impact is also defined using the location quotient. All ports are shown to have some degree of specialization; whereas, Saint John and Halifax have relatively greater economic impact. It is suggested that the four ports should be encouraged to develop their specializations. However, are the benefits to the shipping industry in following such a policy outweighed by the losses to the local economies because investment in certain ports does not take place?     

Specialization and economic impact of the ports of Montreal, Quebec, Saint John, and Halifax

Specialization in cargoes and forelands is defined for the ports of Montreal, Quebec, Saint John, and Halifax using a variation of the location quotient. Economic impact is also defined using the location quotient. All ports are shown to have some degree of specialization; whereas, Saint John and Halifax have relatively greater economic impact. It is suggested that the four ports should be encouraged to develop their specializations. However, are the benefits to the shipping industry in following such a policy outweighed by the losses to the local economies because investment in certain ports does not take place?     

节能环保型抗沉式铝合金游艇的研制

叙述了南太湖区域某企业新近研制了一艘集节能、环保、环境友好型为一体的抗沉式铝合金游艇,其上的关键技术包括:游艇抗沉措施、降温系统的工作原理和实效、以及铝合金船体制作的焊接技术要求和强度计算原则等。     

Synoptic transects on the distribution of trace elements (Hg,Pb, Cd,Cu, Ni,Zn, Co,Mn, Fe,and Al) in surface waters of the Northern- and Southern East Atlantic

Surface seawater samples were taken in the framework of the GEOTRACES program on “POLARSTERN” expedition ANT XXIII/1 in the Eastern Atlantic in 2005 to study the distribution of the trace elements Hg (mercury), Pb (lead), Cd (cadmium), Cu (copper), Ni (nickel), Zn (zinc), Co (cobalt), Mn (manganese), Fe (iron), and Al (aluminium). With the exception of Hg, results were compared to earlier datasets from 1989 to 1990. The particulate fraction averaged over the transect was calculated to be 49% for Cd, 23% for Mn and 50% for Fe indicating a release of these TEI's (trace elements and their isotopes) from a leachable SPM fraction in the stored and acidified samples.Total Pb concentrations ranged between 5 and 20 pmol kg^? 1 in 2005 with highest values in the ITCZ (intertropical convergence zone). In 1989 Pb concentrations were twice as high in the region of the ITCZ, while by a factor of 10–15 higher values were obtained in the North Atlantic.Total Cd and Co are dominated, by different seasonal upwelling regimes (Equatorial upwelling, Guinea Dome, Angola Dome).Total Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn and Al show nearly identical concentrations in 1990 and 2005. For total manganese and aluminium strong maxima (3–4 nmol kg^? 1 and 55 nmol kg^? 1 respectively) are observed between 23°N and 0°, while the Fe maximum (6–9 nmol kg^? 1) is located at 7°N. Total Hg concentrations ranged between 0.5 and 4.5 pmol kg^? 1.     

Hydrology, sediment yield, erosion and sedimentation rates in the estuarine environment of the Ria de Vigo, Galicia, Spain

The aim of this study is to provide a budget study with calculated erosion rates. Three methods have been used to calculate sediment yield and denudation rates in the Ria de Vigo: (1) measurements of sediment loads, (2) measurements of sediment accumulation rates at the coast, (3) theoretical calculations of potential denudation. Sediment loads and water discharge were measured over a period of 14 months from May 1997 to July 1998. Two of the tributaries entering the Ria de Vigo were monitored for 12 more months, from May 2000 to May 2001, to observe changes in discharge and sediment loads. This period corresponded with atypical precipitation, with peak monthly values (600 mm) three times higher than those on record.Water rating curves are typically exponential. Suspended and dissolved loads vary for different rivers, showing values of 1.5 to 130 mg/l during 1997/1998. For 2000/2001, these values are twice as high. Suspended load versus discharge relationships for 1997/1998 were logarithmic, but data from 2000/2001 does not fit the same equation. Dissolved loads are several times higher than suspended loads in almost all cases. Dissolved load concentrations vary more widely with discharge than suspended loads. This is probably due to local pollution and contamination from marine spray in areas closer to the sea.Second, erosion rates and bed load sediment yields were calculated from accumulation rates at the Ramallosa Complex. Well-preserved estuarine and tidal sediments, associated with the Minor River, have accumulated in this area during the Holocene. ¹⁴C ages allow calculation of sedimentation rates (SR) for two intervals. The lower interval extends from 2001 to 484 years BP and yields an SR of 1.12 mm/a. The upper interval extends from 484 years BP to the present and has an SR of 3.3–4.4 mm/a. These differences may be explained by basin dynamics as the beach progressively encloses the area and also by human interference. From sedimentary facies analysis it is concluded that 90% to 95% of the accumulated deposits were transferred to the basin as bed load. Muddy deposits (mostly marshes) are better developed at the upper part of the sediment pile, and inner areas, indicating a progressive shallowing and filling up of the basin. Most of suspended load is exported to the ria, whereas the Ramallosa Complex acts as a sediment sink for bed load derived material.Calculated potential erosion rates using Ahnert's [Am. J. Sci. 268 (1970) 243] equation show lower values than those estimated from river load concentrations. Potential erosion rates for the Minor River are higher than for the Lagares River which contrast with mechanical denudation rate values from river loads during 1997/1998 which are higher for the Lagares River. During 2000/2001 MDR values were higher than those of the potential erosion rates for both rivers, in line with the extremely high precipitation. Higher values in the Lagares could be in part due to human interference.     

深化船员培训、考试体制改革 提高船员综合素质

文中指出了《中华人民共和国船员培训管理规则》(交通运输部2009年10号令)为我国船员培训体制的改革奠定了基础,分析了我国目前船员培训、监管和考评体系改革的必要性,并通过对英国的职业教育模式和美国、菲律宾的船员考试监管模式的分析,提出了我国船员培训体制改革的新构想和船员考试、评估模式改革的新思路。     

Production function, productivities, and capacity utilization of the Port of Mobile

In this study, the author considers the problems related to the expansion of port facilities using economic theory as a basis for discussion and the Port of Mobile as an example.     

Production function,productivities, and capacity utilization of the Port of Mobile

In this study, the author considers the problems related to the expansion of port facilities using economic theory as a basis for discussion and the Port of Mobile as an example.     

Public opinion and the environment: Ecology,the coastal zone,and public policy

Abstract

In a public opinion survey conducted in Santa Barbara county, California, respondents were interviewed regarding their feelings on coastal zone development, within a context of broader environmental and political issues.

A high degree of expressed concern for the environment was found, but the data also indicate a widespread reluctance to allocate a greater share of personal income to improve environmental quality.

Among the issues dealt with are citizen views on environmental problems, the effectiveness of government in the environmental field, offshore oil drilling, and coastal zone development.

The results show that on each of the issues analyzed, a person's education, age, and the extent of his political participation are the major factors which determine his concern for the environment. Additional variables appear to have some significance in determining attitudes toward local environmental projects and perceptions of government.

Offered are implications of the findings for the future of organized action on environmental problems.     

从人机料法环测分析重大工程项目的质量控制

摘要：从工程项目的决策阶段到实施阶段的整个过程中,影响工程项目质量的因素主要有“人、机、料、法、环、测”等六大方面。文章论述了对这六方面的因素予以严格控制是保证重大工程项目质量的关键。