船舶改换装工程中船体变形的监测与控制

由于船舶改换装工程所涉及的船体工程量较大,如不能很好地加以监测与控制,将可能对船体结构造成较大的变形,从而影响到船舶及装备的性能,因此在施工过程中根据所在企业生产技术条件,制定了合理的工艺方法是必要的。文章对船舶改换装工程中船体变形的控制进行了归纳与分析,在其他船舶的生产实践中,可借鉴参考。     

33.6m交通艇改造设计与改造方案

在将原守岛供水船改造成内河交通艇的过程中,针对原船的缺点制定了详细的改造设计,通过周密的设计工作,明确了改造工程内容;在改造工程展开的前期做好详细的可操作性的施工计划及工艺方案,让整个改造施工过程工期可控、质量可控,效益达到预期目标。     

管道排水工艺在吹填工程中的应用

针对渤海湾港口陆域形成项目吹填过程中吹填区内部析出大量余水,传统的泄水口排水方式无法将吹填区内的余水及时排出的问题,现场经过研究将管道排水工艺引入到工程的余水排出工作中,经实践检验,起到了节约工期、减少吹填土流失的效果。文章对该工艺进行了介绍,并从满足工程应用的角度给出了该工艺的设计计算过程,旨在为类似工程提供参考。     

填海工程沉箱施工中的气囊搬运技术分析

在填海工程的沉箱施工中,在使用气囊顶升以及平移工艺搬运过程中容易出现弊端问题,影响气囊搬运施工安全,对此应该制定优化防范措措施,保证施工安全。以下本篇针对海南亿和鹏程国际游艇城项目填海工程实例,分析在填海工程沉箱施工中的气囊搬运技术,以确保优化做好沉箱施工中的气囊搬运作业,发挥积极影响。     

庙岭三期工程冲孔灌注桩施工

本文叙述了庙岭三期工程冲孔灌注桩从平台装拆、开孔、成孔到砼施工的方法和工艺，同时对平台装拆、成孔过程中坍孔、护壁、砼灌注等施工过程中出现的问题及处理措施进行了讨论，重点介绍了平台搭设及大块石抛石层中成孔工艺，并就施工中应用情况进行了总结。     

X52石油管线钢的性能与焊接

本文结合具体产品及API标准,对石油管线钢的国际、国内现状及性能作了简单的论述;并在牌号为X52石油管线钢的制作过程中,通过焊接方法和设备的选定、焊接材料的选择、焊接工艺的制定及工艺试验的验证,成功地完成了小直径、厚壁API-5L X52管线钢钢管的焊接制作,对选用石油管线钢材质的工程积累了技术条件及生产经验,为今后涉足海洋工程创造了条件.     

吹填施工作业中的管线延伸措施

对疏浚土处理的过程中,发展出了吹填项目,具体指挖泥船挖取的泥沙在排泥管线的帮助下运输到指定地点,最终形成陆域的过程。吹填的过程离不开管线的帮助,文章将结合具体的吹填工程,详细分析该施工过程中可能存在的管线延伸工艺问题及其注意事项。     

大型船舶舵系现场修理的工艺要点

大型船舶的舵系修理工程对修船设施,以及机械加工能力提出了更高的要求。就船厂而言,如何充分利用工厂自身条件合理制定出既切实可行,又能为船东和船级社所接受的修理方案,有其特别的实际意义。文章通过修理实例论述了大型船舶舵系现场修理工艺的制定要点,并针对工艺中可能出现的问题进行了讨论。     

大型棱体土工布充砂袋的应用

结合大型棱体充砂袋工艺在曹妃甸东南海堤二期工程中的应用,介绍了该工艺的特点和优点,并对施工工艺过程和施工质量控制进行了详细讨论,突出该工艺在应用过程中应重点把握的要点,对大型充砂袋在堤防工程、陆域形成工程等领域的推广应用和发展具有一定意义。     

复杂条件下护壁桩沉桩质量控制研究

护壁桩作为一种重要的装配式的桩基础,广泛应用于深基坑支护、地下室墙体以及高等级航道治理等工程中。沉桩质量直接关系到工程的安全性与稳定性,特别是在复杂的地质条件下,沉桩作业面临更多挑战。本文通过分析护壁桩的类型与作用,沉桩工艺与设备,在此基础上,提出质量控制的关键要点,针对复杂地质条件,制定科学的施工过程监测与质量评估体系,以及针对潜在风险的管理与应对策略。通过科学的施工技术和精确的监测评估方法,提升沉桩作业的安全性和可靠性,有望为相关工程提供理论指导和技术参考。     

船舶制造技术成熟度评估系统

在船舶制造中,技术成熟度的评估意识薄弱且缺少信息化手段。通过确定评估指标、设定权重,建立船舶制造技术成熟度评估系统,由系统计算成熟度的得分和等级,从总体设计、建造工艺、船厂建造资源能力、船舶研制定型后等方面进行评估。该系统可减少返工带来的时间成本、人力成本,提高船舶制造技术成熟度评估的科学性、准确性、可靠性、灵活性及效率。     

High-resolution surveys of the biogeochemistry of the New England shelfbreak front during Summer, 2002

We present the observations from a pair of field experiments at the New England shelfbreak front in June and August of 2002, each consisting of 14 cross-frontal surveys using the Lamont Pumping SeaSoar. Measurements of the front's physical, chemical, and bio-optical characteristics were made at high spatial and temporal resolution. The front, based on water-column hydrographic distributions, was found within a few km of the 200 m isobath during both cruises. We present here composite sections, based on averages of individual sections shifted in space to a common frontal location, of the cross-frontal distributions of these properties as a measure of the mean state of the front in both June and August. The observations show the familiar temperature, salinity, and density distributions of the summertime front, dominated by surface thermal heating. Nutrient and bio-optical distributions show the combined effects of water-mass exchange and biological processes. T, S, silicate, and phosphate distributions are suggestive of cross-frontal exchange of slope- and shelf waters, although transport mechanisms and pathways are not apparent. These properties, along with nitrate and optical measures of the suspended particle distributions, show vertical displacements of isopleths as the front is approached: property contours slope upwards toward the front from the shoreward side, and downwards toward the front from the seaward side. Again, actual water-movement pathways are not constrained by these suggestive patterns. Bio-optical distributions show elevated indicators of photosynthetic efficiency both seaward and shoreward of the front, but the front itself is a minimum in biomass. Accumulation of photosynthetic biomass appears to be controlled primarily by nitrate scarcity in waters within and above the pycnocline. At the base of the pycnocline, light limitation appears to be the controlling factor, although the base of the euphotic zone is deeper than the biomass maxima and the base of the pycnocline. Mechanisms explaining this phenomenon are unclear, but tenuous evidence suggests low stratification at the depth of the 1% light level may not allow phytoplankton to optimize for the low-light, high-nutrient conditions at depth. Cross-frontal differences in nutrient and bio-optical parameters, particularly in August, suggest distinct phytoplankton assemblages, and the presence of calcite-forming or nitrogen fixing groups to the community structure, especially in very shallow waters across the front and in pycnocline waters seaward of the front.     

面向复杂装备AR辅助维修的混合跟踪技术研究

装备维修是生产制造、作业运转的基础,特别是在船舶、航空等领域。由于在维修过程中装备结构复杂、维修人员经验技术不足和缺少直观维修手段导致容易导致维修效率低下和操作出错。因此,通过研究基于增强现实的装备维修方案,直观交互地进行维修作业,能够有效地提升维修的质量和效率。由于装备体型较大,结构复杂,给跟踪定位带来了新的困难,针对实际的工程需求,创新性地将主流方法进行结合,提出了多Marker和ORB-SLAM混合跟踪的方法。通过二次调整多Marker定位结果的动态权值,提高局部定位维修的精度和可靠性。分析比较现有的特征点算法,选择ORB-SLAM作为方案,实现全局的定位和导航,对维修过程给以指导,并设计开发装备诱导维修系统,为大型复杂设备地维修提供了通用解决方案。     

多因素数学模型在温州瓯江口浅滩围涂工程研究中的应用

建立了波浪、潮流、盐度、悬沙、底床冲淤等多种因素数学模型,在模型验证的基础上,对瓯江口温州浅滩围涂工程海区的波浪场、潮流场、盐度场、悬沙场、底床冲淤场进行了数值模拟研究,对温州浅滩围涂工程对瓯江泄洪、瓯江南北口分流比、乐清湾养殖业、瓯江口港口航道及状元岙深水区、南口口外滩地的影响进行了分析论证。分析研究结果表明,温州浅滩围涂工程是可行的。     

澜沧江-湄公河航道哈乐滩碍航特性及整治措施

澜沧江-湄公河航道上哈乐滩具有弯、浅、险、窄、急等特点。根据现场调查资料,结合数学模型计算结果,分析了哈乐滩成滩原因及碍航特性。哈乐滩右岸楠罗河山洪冲出的石块及大卵石堆积在溪口形成冲洪积扇,近年来冲积扇发育,进一步侵占河床泄水断面,同时岸线凹凸不平,导致滩险上段水流弯曲,中段坡陡流急,船舶枯水上滩困难。针对哈乐滩滩险成因及碍航特点,提出炸礁和修筑整治建筑物结合的措施,解决滩险碍航问题。     

防波堤及护岸越浪研究综述

近年来防波堤越浪方面的相关研究,分别在越浪影响因素、越浪量计算公式推导论证、越浪数值模拟与越浪量标准4个方面进行归纳总结.已有成果表明:1)越浪影响因素的研究多是集中于常规因素,包括波高周期,堤顶高程,坡肩宽度,护面块体,而对水流、风速、波浪谱以及水的性质等其他因素研究相对较少;2)越浪量计算公式研究中主要集中在影响越...     

渡船螺旋桨水动力性能的数值预报

采用计算流体力学（CFD）方法对某渡船螺旋桨的水动力性能进行数值预报.先用DTMB P5168桨验证数值模型和方法的准确性与可信性,数值计算其推力系数、力矩系数和敞水效率.整个计算域网格划分均采用全六面体形式,分别采用三种湍流模型进行计算.计算结果与实验的比较表明,SST模型和雷诺应力模型有近乎相同的计算精度,但SST模型的计算速度更快;推力系数误差最大5.8%,力矩系数误差最大为1.7%,敞水效率误差最大为4.3%.然后,将此方法运用到渡船螺旋桨,通过对渡船螺旋桨的网格灵敏度、尺度作用以及相关的流场分析,证明该方法能实现对螺旋桨敞水粘性流场的模拟,以及其敞水性能的预报.     

How much can public private partnership really do for urban transport in developing countries?

A few cities in some of the larger developing countries in Latin America and Asia have made increasing use of multi-year concessions or franchises, competitively awarded to private companies, for construction and operation of urban transport infrastructure and for provision of public transport services. In view of the strong prospective growth of developing-country cities with large transport needs, and the rise in the emerging economies of potential new sources of private capital, it is important to see how effective PPP has so far been in this area. The experience is analyzed principally by thorough comparative review of what has actually happened for some of the main users to date: Bogotá, Santiago, São Paulo, Seoul, and several cities in both China and India. Despite delays and mistakes that have been made in development of most of the projects, the overall results, already delivered and in prospect, are very positive and urban public transport is benefiting substantially, with significant side effects on poorer people's access to work and to services, air pollution levels and road accident rates. The widest and most important advantage of the PPP arrangements, as compared with more conventional short-term contracting, is found to be the innovations, technical and managerial, developed, and, in particular, the mutual capacity building of the countries' private and public sectors and their more effective interaction. The experience in the six countries covered suggests that other developing-country cities may be best assisted to develop sound urban transport PPPs more rapidly through provision of help on chosen items among 7 elements that have proved particularly crucial but sometimes weak in the projects reviewed: Civic consultation systems, Land-use/Transport strategic planning, Land/property market management, Monitoring systems, Progressive policies, Economic regulation, and Public institutional framework for PPPs.     

海上一体化信息系统技术研究

海上一体化信息系统是建立在海军乃至全军通信网络基础上,为海军各级指挥自动化系统和武器系统提供来自海陆空天潜的数据、信息和知识的集成、管理、共享、检索以及分发的系统。通过对美军网络中心战以及全球信息栅格技术的分析,提出了海上一体化信息系统的体系框架和系统功能模型,同时对系统的发展思路进行了分析和阐述。