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大断面矩形顶管隧道施工在城市地下空间施工中得到广泛应用,但其衬砌结构病害日益突出。为了防治大断面矩形顶管隧道衬砌结构病害,分析隧道大断面矩形顶管施工风险,探讨大断面矩形隧道沉降、姿态控制重难点,阐述隧道衬砌混凝土施工常见病害的分类及成因,提出隧道衬砌混凝土施工病害的防治措施,讨论大断面矩形隧道顶管顶进施工技术发展趋势,为实际工程应用提供理论和技术指导。 相似文献
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西峡隧道采用全液压大模板衬砌台车、泵送混凝土进行二次衬砌施工.但由于单线隧道净空狭小,为保证开挖运输,便给衬砌台车的加工及稳定性控制增加了一系列难度.由于对台车的主要尺寸及刚度进行了检算,并摸索出一些经验,采取了一些有效措施,才使二次衬砌施工得以顺利进行. 相似文献
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碳纤维布在连拱隧道衬砌裂缝病害治理中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
延安至安塞高速公路墩山连拱隧道主体工程完工后,衬砌出现了不同程度的裂缝和渗漏水等病害,通过对衬砌裂缝特征、产生原因的分析,并根据裂缝的开裂程度与发展规律,采用碳纤维布对隧道衬砌裂缝进行了局部修复和整体加固补强。由于在施工过程中严格控制施工工艺和施工质量,达到了预期效果。通过碳纤维加固模拟和监测表明:衬砌裂缝得到了有效控制,支护受力处于安全状态,围岩稳定,碳纤维布加固效果显著。 相似文献
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《现代隧道技术》2021,(3)
隧道火灾对人员生命产生威胁的同时也会对隧道结构安全产生影响。首先,根据火灾时的实际情况建立了地铁区间隧道火灾烟气三维温度场。其次,考虑隧道壁面与高温烟气的热对流、热传导、衬砌材料传热性能的非线性以及衬砌混凝土爆裂建立了火灾时衬砌温度场求解的基本方程与求解方法,对比试验结果验证了所提方法的准确性。再次,结合求解得到的三维温度场,考虑衬砌材料热力学性能为温度的非线性函数,使用有限单元法对火灾时衬砌内部应力进行了求解。最后,按照弹性失效准测以及三轴受力情况,对衬砌破坏的形态及范围进行了分析。研究发现:衬砌破坏主要由内侧混凝土压碎引起;受火7 200 s后,沿行车方向16 m,厚度方向12 cm,拱顶向下112°范围内衬砌受压超过其抗压强度;管片主筋处,1 800 s内其受力均小于其强度;管片破坏形态主要为片状劈裂;螺栓在火灾后期会出现抗剪强度不足,主要范围分布在对拱顶向两侧37°范围内。 相似文献
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为提高高速公路隧道衬砌病害预防与治理效果,对高速公路隧道衬砌病害类型、成因与治理措施等进行分析。隧道衬砌病害类型主要包括裂缝、渗漏、剥落、变形、腐蚀和冻融破坏等,其成因主要包括混凝土质量问题、施工工艺不当、环境因素、设计问题和运营管理问题等。基于此,提出优化混凝土配合比、改进施工工艺、采用先进防水技术、加强隧道衬砌的监测与维护、采用高性能混凝土和加强隧道设计优化等措施,以期为高速公路隧道衬砌施工与病害治理提供参考。 相似文献
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Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD). An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip. It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links. 相似文献
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Joseph N. Prashker 《Transportation》1979,8(4):329-346
Reliability of travel modes was found to be the most important characteristic of transportation systems in several attitudinal investigations of individual travel behavior. This paper represents the first part of a research effort aimed at gaining a better understanding of the characteristics of reliability of transportation modes in urban travel. In this research, reliability characteristics are identified; their importance relative to each other is assessed, and an insight into possible structure of an objective reliability index is discussed. The research is based on perceived values of reliability, which were identified through a large attitudinal survey conducted in the Chicago metropolitan area. 相似文献
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This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress. 相似文献
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本文阐述了混合动力列车的技术特点及其相应优势与劣势,同时介绍了其在国内外的研究动向,并对其应用前景进行了展望。尽管该类新型铁道车辆的续航能力、电池寿命以及成本等相关问题目前仍有待改善,但以其对城市环境的美化作用与优越的舒适驾乘性能,以及高效节能、绿色环保的显著优势,依然不失为一类充满前景的新型轨道交通运输方式。 相似文献
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天然气自动计量系统有多种组态软件,由于软件的不相通性,造成了计量系统数据采集的通用性差、数据传输与入库的时效性差、数据利用的可靠性低.结合各组态软件的实际情况,从设计上充分利用Oracle大数据处理能力以及Partition(分区表)的特性,实现历史数据的存储,应用WebService与COM+数据访问组件提供多层数据访问架构,采用OPC与DDE工业数据交换协议,实现了各站场计量数据的实时上传,为连续数据采集和实时监控提供了可能,节约了改造成本. 相似文献
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介绍了城市轨道交通工程中杂散电流不同的监测系统的构成,分析了集中式、分散式和智能型等监测系统的配置和功能,以及智能型实时在线监测系统的重要意义,为轨道交通工程杂散电流监测系统的选择与应用提供参考。 相似文献