防波堤平面布置对建设用海区波浪场影响的数值模拟

为研究燕窝山工程海域在不同的防波堤平面布置下的波浪场分布特征,应用波作用守恒方程和Boussinesq方程建立了大、小范围的波浪数学模型对工程区附近海域的波浪场进行数值模拟,统计并分析工程前后防波堤附近波浪特征站位的波要素。基于防波堤基本布置方案1,改变防波堤的长度和轴线角度,根据不同平面布置下的防波堤对波浪的掩护效果进行比较分析。结果表明,综合考虑防波堤附近波浪场的变化特征、防波堤特征站位波要素的变化及防波堤的有效掩护面积3个方面,将防波堤轴线以两段堤相交处为圆心逆时针旋转8°,并将直堤向东侧延长100 m,即方案2为优选方案。     

防波堤波浪透射系数现场观测及透射系数公式的验证

长周期波是影响港口工程结构设计的一个重要因素。其波浪特征不同于一般风浪及短周期波,波长较长,具有极强的穿越可透浪防波堤的能力,影响港内波况,而实测防波堤透射系数的方法少有人研究。文章针对港内波浪成分复杂的特点,利用方向谱区分不同方向波浪的特点,提出了一种现场实测防波堤波浪透射系数的方法,并基于现场实测结果验证了试验所得防波堤的透射系数计算公式。     

1／4圆弧面胸墙沉箱防波堤可靠度分项系数

1／4圆弧面胸墙沉箱防波堤是一种适合于深水港的新型防波堤。文章首先利用修正的合田良实波浪力公式计算防波堤堤身波浪力分布特性;考虑作用在防波堤堤身的波浪力之间、波浪力矩之间相关性,采用考虑相关变量的可靠性分析方法,基于工程海域实测波浪数据,针对不同工况下的防波堤,确定该类型结构的可靠指标、失效概率。对应于我国现行安全度水平,提出各荷载的分项系数建议值,以及深水1／4圆弧面胸墙沉箱防波堤的抗滑移、抗倾覆破坏的设计表达式。为其结构设计提供理论依据。     

旅顺新港旅游休闲区波浪数值模拟研究

工程海域的波浪条件是港口规划设计中需要考虑的首要因素。针对旅顺新港旅游港区扩建预案,应用水动力学软件MIKE21的SW和BW数学模型对防波堤建设前后工程海域的波浪场进行数值模拟。根据工程区域水深及地形变化特点,采用远场大区域推算与近场小区域精细模拟相结合的方法,计算了拟建水工建筑物的设计波浪要素及港内波况。结果表明:工程受NW和NNW方向波浪影响较大,当重现期为50 a时,外护岸、防波堤和泊位处的有效波高分别为4.74 m、5.66 m和1.10 m;若在防波堤和外护岸西侧增加一条垂直于NW方向的潜堤,外护岸、防波堤和泊位处的有效波高分别降至3.43m、3.79 m和0.75 m。     

长周期波作用下斜坡式防波堤稳定性及施工分析

通过对印度尼西亚adipala斜坡式防波堤波浪断面物理模型试验进行研究,结合长周期波、大波高作用下波浪水流对施工期防波堤冲刷袭击所出现的不同破坏特性,分析长周期波浪波高、波向与不同平面位置防波堤断面间的相互作用,探讨印度洋长周期波浪作用下防波堤施工期稳定性,以寻求此环境条件下的防波堤有效施工模式,以作同类工程借鉴。     

孤立波作用于V形薄壁防波堤的绕射波浪力

在一定条件下浅水波可能以孤立波形态作用于离岸结构。基于波浪绕射理论,推导V形薄壁防波堤的一阶孤立波绕射理论解。通过对孤立波作用于防波堤的波浪力进行计算,研究孤立波对V形防波堤的作用规律。通过对180°张角的有限长薄壁V形堤足够长时的绕射波浪力计算,与无限长直立薄壁堤的孤立波反射波浪力进行有效的相似性比较。结果表明:孤立波的最大无量纲波浪力明显大于相同浅水条件下Airy微幅波理论的对应结果,由此反映浅水波的非线性效应;孤立波入射角、V形堤张角、防波堤臂长与水深比以及孤立波特征参数等因素的变化均将对波浪荷载产生一定的影响。     

某帆船基地斜坡式防波堤挡浪墙稳定性设计及验证

挡浪墙稳定性计算在带挡浪墙的斜坡式防波堤结构设计中非常重要,关键在于挡浪墙上波浪力取值。斜坡堤上挡浪墙波浪力按《港口与航道水文规范》计算,与物模试验实测结果有较大差异,尤其是在平均波周期10s以上的海域。基于第19届亚运会帆船基地防波堤设计,通过规范计算值与断面物理模型试验数据的对比分析,合理确定挡浪墙型式和尺度等重要设计参数。充分运用试验手段对挡浪墙波浪力做出了有益的探索,为斜坡式防波堤的设计改进提供了借鉴。     

岛式防波堤工程关键技术研究

岛式防波堤是离岸、独立于海域的一种防波堤结构,依托台山核电重件码头防波堤工程对岛式防波堤工程的关键技术进行了深入研究,采用浅海第三代波浪数学模型结合通航安全、河口行洪等要求对复杂波况下岛式防波堤的平面布置进行分析论证,防波堤建成后,经工程实践检验,效果良好。     

大连长兴岛北港区波浪条件数值模拟研究

利用国际通用的MM5风场模式和SWAN浪场模式,通过推算影响工程海域的台风和寒潮大风天气过程,得到工程海域-30 m等深线处不同重现期设计波要素,然后采用MIKE 21 NSW和BW波浪数学模型,对工程规划方案设计波要素和港内波况进行了计算。结果表明:工程受N向和NNE向风浪影响相对较大,外海波浪传播至防波堤处无明显衰减;设计高水位重现期50 a时防波堤处最大H1%约7.3 m;防波堤对港内围堰掩护较好,建成后港内波浪条件明显改善。     

半透空沉箱式防波堤的消波性能试验研究

提出一种新型防波堤——半透空沉箱式防波堤。在玻璃水槽中进行系列水工模型试验,量测在不同波高、周期波浪作用下,半透空沉箱防波堤前后的波浪特征参数,分析半透空沉箱防波堤对不同特征波浪的反射率,波浪周期与波浪尖锐度之关系。探讨该防波堤结构的消波原理与性能,根据试验分析结果,选出最优的透空率及内置斜坡坡度,试验结论可为开敞式港区码头的防波消波方案设计与规划提供一种新思路。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。