双板联动侧滑仪对独立悬挂车辆转向轮侧滑量检测结果的分析

汽车转向轮具有的保持自动返回直线行驶的能力称为转向轮的稳定效应。它是通过转向轮的定位角来实现的。研究表明,转向轮定位参数中车轮前束与外倾角对车轮侧滑的影响比较大。当车轮前束值与外倾角匹配不当时,车轮就可能在直线行驶过程中不做纯滚动,产生侧向滑移现象。当这种滑     

四轮定位仪诊断故障实例

四轮定位仪主要用于检测车轮定位参数,如前轮前束、前轮外倾角、主销内倾角、主销后倾角、后轮前束、后轮外倾角、包容角、转向前展角、后轮推进角、前轮车轴偏角、后轮车轴偏角和左右轴距差等。由于这些定位参数的变化常与转向系和行驶系零部件的状态有关,所以通过检测这些参数常可以诊断转向系和行驶系的故障。下面举两例予以说明。 例一:一辆捷达出租车在行驶中严重向右跑偏,且其右前轮外侧磨损严重。     

四轮定位仪的评述（一）

车轮定位通常是指汽车转向轮定位。由于大多数汽车采用前轮转向，因此，车轮定位又称前轮定位。前轮定位参数包括主销后倾角、主销内倾角、前轮外倾角和前轮前束。它们的共同作用是：使汽车保持直线行驶的稳定性；使转向操纵轻便；使转向轮每一瞬间接近正前方滚动而无滑动，以减轻轮胎磨损等。     

《汽车侧滑检验台》（JT/T 507—2021）标准研究

正为了保证汽车转向车轮作无横向滑移的直线滚动,要求转向轮外倾角和前束有适当配合,转向轮外倾角产生的外张力与转向轮前束产生的内向力相互抵消,以保证转向轮朝正直方向行驶。当车辆使用过程中转向轮外倾角和前束发生变化,两参数的平衡被破坏时,转向车轮就会处于边滚边滑的状态,将产生侧向滑移现象,称为转向轮横向侧滑。     

转向轮侧滑的危害、检测及调整

转向轮侧滑的危害转向轮定位参数(主销后倾角、主销内倾角、车轮外倾角和车轮前束等)配合不当引起转向轮侧滑,会破坏车轮的附着能力,使汽车丧失定向行驶能力,导致轮胎异常磨损,并可能引发交通事故。其危害主要有:①汽车行驶时发生侧滑,会使汽车的行驶阻力增加,对汽车的动力性、     

四轮定位仪诊断故障实例

四轮定位仪主要用于检测车轮定位参数如前轮前束，前轮外倾角、主销内倾角，主销后倾角。后轮前束，后轮外倾角，包容角，转向前展角，后轮推进角，前轮定位参数的变化常与转向系和行驶系零部件的状态有关。所以．通过检测这些参数可以诊断转向系和行驶系的故障。下面举例说明。     

用四轮定位仪诊断故障两例

四轮定位仪主要用于检测车轮定位参数：前轮前束、前轮外倾角、主销内倾角、主销后倾角、后轮前束、后轮外倾角、包容角、转向前展角、后轮推进角、前轮车轴偏角、后轮车轴偏角和左右轴距差(前6项称为车轮定位角)。由于这些定位参数的变化常与转向系和行驶系零部件的状态有关，所以通过检测这些参数常可以诊断转向系和行驶系的故障。下面举两例予以说明。     

中型载货汽车转向轮前束的试验与研究

根据统计资料和解放、东风牌汽车的试验数据,认为中型载货汽车转向轮前束角与外倾角的比值为0.05～0.15是合适的。     

现代轿车车轮定位的新变化

汽车在正常行驶过程中，应具有转向操纵轻便和自动保持直线行驶的能力。同时转向轮应尽可能保持纯滚动，以减轻轮胎的磨损。为了满足上述要求，通常是通过主销后倾角、主销内倾角、前轮外倾角和前轮前束等转向轮定位的4个参数来保证的。随着汽车技术的迅速发展，现代汽车特别是轿车普遍出现了高速化趋势，     

汽车转向机构设计参数与前束变化规律关系的研究

通过建立数学计算模型,本文研究并确定了前置转向梯形独立悬挂转向系统的零部件设计参数以及转向机构的布置形式等对汽车加载时转向轮前束变化规律的影响因素,建立了前束角与各影响因素的计算公式,定量地解决了实现汽车加载时转向轮前束变化的理论理想特性的方式和方法,可以对汽车前轮定位参数布置设计合理性以及正确性进行定量判定。本文以HELUX底盘的转向机构为算例对计算模型和计算公式进行了计算和验证。     

直线行驶过程中汽车方向盘转角的研究分析

介绍了一种汽车方向盘转角传感器,搭建了汽车方向盘转角数据采集系统。依据在北京五环路上的行驶实验,分析了驾驶前期和后期方向盘转角特性的不同,得出驾驶员正常驾驶汽车直线行驶时方向盘转角范围约在其回正位置的左右7°之间,方向盘紧定时间在9s内。实验结果为驾驶行为研究、驾驶疲劳监测及相关产品的开发提供了参考。     

Nonlinear PI front and rear steering control in four wheel steering vehicles

Vehicle steering dynamics show resonances, which depend on the longitudinal speed, unstable equilibrium points and limited stability regions depending on the constant steering wheel angle, longitudinal speed and car parameters.

The main contribution of this paper is to show that a combined decentralized proportional active front steering control and proportional-integral active rear steering control from the yaw rate tracking error can assign the eigenvalues of the linearised single track steering dynamics, without lateral speed measurements, using a standard single track car model with nonlinear tire characteristics and a non-linear first-order reference model for the yaw rate dynamics driven by the driver steering wheel input. By choosing a suitable nonlinear reference model it is shown that the responses to driver step inputs tend to zero (or reduced) lateral speed for any value of longitudinal speed: in this case the resulting controlled vehicle static gain from driver input to yaw rate differs from the uncontrolled one at higher speed. The closed loop system shows the advantages of both active front and rear steering control: higher controllability, enlarged bandwidth for the yaw rate dynamics, suppressed resonances, new stable cornering manoeuvres, enlarged stability regions, reduced lateral speed and improved manoeuvrability; in addition comfort is improved since the phase lag between lateral acceleration and yaw rate is reduced.

For the designed control law a robustness analysis is presented with respect to system failures, driver step inputs and critical car parameters such as mass, moment of inertia and front and rear cornering stiffness coefficients. Several simulations are carried out on a higher order experimentally validated nonlinear dynamical model to confirm the analysis and to explore the robustness with respect to unmodelled dynamics.     

镁合金方向盘疲劳试验的计算机模拟

通过利用有限元技术对镁合金方向盘疲劳试验的主要过程加以模拟,分析产品的几种主要受力状态。作为模拟分析的重要技术,CAE可以进行高效、快速的分析,便于对试验结果做出预先判定、优化产品设计。     

Nonlinear PI front and rear steering control in four wheel steering vehicles

Vehicle steering dynamics show resonances, which depend on the longitudinal speed, unstable equilibrium points and limited stability regions depending on the constant steering wheel angle, longitudinal speed and car parameters.

The main contribution of this paper is to show that a combined decentralized proportional active front steering control and proportional-integral active rear steering control from the yaw rate tracking error can assign the eigenvalues of the linearised single track steering dynamics, without lateral speed measurements, using a standard single track car model with nonlinear tire characteristics and a non-linear first-order reference model for the yaw rate dynamics driven by the driver steering wheel input. By choosing a suitable nonlinear reference model it is shown that the responses to driver step inputs tend to zero (or reduced) lateral speed for any value of longitudinal speed: in this case the resulting controlled vehicle static gain from driver input to yaw rate differs from the uncontrolled one at higher speed. The closed loop system shows the advantages of both active front and rear steering control: higher controllability, enlarged bandwidth for the yaw rate dynamics, suppressed resonances, new stable cornering manoeuvres, enlarged stability regions, reduced lateral speed and improved manoeuvrability; in addition comfort is improved since the phase lag between lateral acceleration and yaw rate is reduced.

For the designed control law a robustness analysis is presented with respect to system failures, driver step inputs and critical car parameters such as mass, moment of inertia and front and rear cornering stiffness coefficients. Several simulations are carried out on a higher order experimentally validated nonlinear dynamical model to confirm the analysis and to explore the robustness with respect to unmodelled dynamics.     

关于车辆方向盘摆振的补偿方法及补偿系统研究

研究电动助力转向系统对方向盘摆振补偿的功能,通过对影响方向盘摆振因素的分解,当整车基本参数确定的情况下可以采用EPS进行摆振补偿.通过摆振补偿功能开发到某车型实车测试验证,有效解决高速制动等工况下方向盘摆振问题.该研究为车辆方向盘摆振问题的解决提供采用EPS补偿万式提供方法及系统.     

Dynamic model and validation of an articulated steering wheel loader on slopes and over obstacles

This paper devotes both analytical and experimental efforts in developing a comprehensive dynamic model for an articulated steering wheel loader. The general motion of a wheel loader without suspension is described by seven degrees of freedom (DOF) (three for translation and four for rotation) in this model, which can be used to study the problem of wheel loader dynamics on slopes and over obstacles. A scale wheel loader was designed and manufactured to validate the dynamic model in three conditions (turning on level ground, turning on slopes, and passing over obstacles). The test results reasonably agree with the simulation results. The developed dynamic model was found to be useful and could serve as an important tool for analysing the stability of wheel loaders.     

影响汽车方向盘转角脉冲输入试验结果的因素

介绍了汽车系统频响函数输入的标准信号,阐述了在汽车方向盘转角脉冲输入试验中,各种因素对横摆角速度频响函数的影响。     

基于方向盘角度的电动助力转向系统主动回正控制设计

电动助力转向（EPS）系统是在机械转向系统的基础上,加入电动机作为执行机构,使得转向轻便。由于电机转子、减速机构的摩擦阻尼,致使转向系统的回正性能变差。针对系统回正不足,设计了基于方向盘角度信息查表的主动回正控制算法,进行了电控单元（ECU）软、硬件设计。结果表明,该控制策略可使方向盘顺利回到接近中点位置,不过度。     

基于MATLAB/Simulink的车辆转向稳定性的仿真研究

汽车的操纵稳定性是衡量汽车安全性最基本的指标之一,影响汽车行驶稳定性的基本因素主要有横摆角速度与质心侧偏角,将汽车简化为二自由度模型,建立关于横摆角速度与质心侧偏角的转向微分方程.基于MATLAB/Simulink软件建立仿真模型,对前轮转向与四轮转向典型的二自由度汽车模型进行仿真分析.对比两轮转向和四轮转向的稳定性....