公交场站选址研究 ——以重庆市中心城区为例

公交出行是治理拥堵的有效手段,其场站合理布局是保障其高效运营的关键.本文首先分析了重庆中心城区公交场站现状及存在问题,然后结合公交线网发展趋势,提出了与线路层级体系相适应的公交场站体系,最后将公交场站进行划分,并提出各类场站的选址原则,从而在保证场站合理布局的基础上达到经济和高效,且与城市规划用地、城市交通相协调.     

场站建设好了，公交服务才会更好

福州公交场站建设滞后,导致四成公交车“风餐露宿”,占道停放,不仅公交线路无法优化,还带来安全隐患——     

城市交通低碳化发展策略研究

随着我国城市机动车保有量快速增长,污染物排放总量持续攀升,所带来的城市污染问题日趋严重,发展低碳交通成为我国城市交通发展的战略方向。本文基于我国城市交通低碳化发展现状及存在问题及影响因素,结合国外发达国家城市交通低碳化的发展经验,分析了城市交通低碳化发展的外因和内因及存在的主要问题,提出在我国能源结构短期内难以发生根本性改变的情况下,大力和优先发展公共交通,逐步建立以大运量轨道交通和快速交通为骨干、常规公共汽电车为主体、其他公共交通方式为补充的城市公共交通体系,将是实现城市交通低碳化和可持续发展最有效的途径。同时,还需不断提高交通能效,开发和利用可再生能源,提高交通运输管理水平,引导公众理性选择出行方式。     

北京步入公交主导城市交通的时代

2013年,北京全市交通领域固定资产投资完成710亿元,完成客运量93亿人次,同比增长5.7%,完成营业性货物运输量2.6亿吨,同比增长3.7%,大力发展袖珍公交、定制商务班车等公交个性化服务,开行45条定制公交商务班车,公共交通出行比例从44%增至46%,中心城交通指数5.5,北京步入公共交通主导城市交通的时代。     

立体式公交综合车场开发模式

为提升城市公交服务水平,提高公交车场的土地利用集约化程度,结合立体式公交综合车场的特征和车场内部的作业流程,考虑公交车辆全面电动化发展趋势,提出了一套实用的立体式公交综合车场规模计算方法 ,计算确定公交综合车场的建筑规模指标,进行公交综合车场综合开发模式分析,并通过实例分析说明方法的可行性,能够为立体式公交综合车场的规划设计提供参考依据。     

城区公交规划经济发展存在的问题及发展策略研究

为解决城市交通拥堵、资源浪费和环境污染等问题,提升城区公交规划经济发展水平,探讨城区公交规划经济发展的意义,分析包含运营成本增加、票价收入不足等方面的问题,同时针对发展现状提出城区公交规划经济发展策略。研究表明,经过科学规划、精细管理以及合理票价政策的实施,能够减轻通勤负担,提高居民出行质量,降低能源消耗,减少尾气排放,吸引更多的人才和资金流入城市,推动产业升级,提高城市的国际竞争力,为经济的可持续发展创造更有利条件。     

交通方式与街道空间利用

结合我国城市交通方式变化对城市街道空间利用的影响,对我国目前的交通发展观念进行了分析。     

城际公交一体化发展模式研究

文章从城际出行特征出发,对城市群内部城际公交的层级结构和功能特点进行探讨,最终提出适应区域公交一体化发展背景的城际公交一体化发展模式。     

锦屏二级水电站交叉隧洞模型试验研究

多洞室交叉处围岩力学状况目前国内外研究相对较少。文章以锦屏二级水电站3#引水隧洞三洞交叉段为工程背景,为了解交叉洞室对围岩的影响,进行了三维地质力学模型试验;通过两组试验,有效地揭露了交叉洞室间的相互影响,以及开挖与支护方法对围岩稳定性的影响。最后通过超载试验,确定了交叉洞室的破坏模式及其破坏过程;试验结果为指导施工提供了依据。     

Multi-agent model predictive control of signaling split in urban traffic networks

The operation of large dynamic systems such as urban traffic networks remains a challenge in control engineering to a great extent due to their sheer size, intrinsic complexity, and nonlinear behavior. Recently, control engineers have looked for unconventional means for modeling and control of complex dynamic systems, in particular the technology of multi-agent systems whose appeal stems from their composite nature, flexibility, and scalability. This paper contributes to this evolving technology by proposing a framework for multi-agent control of linear dynamic systems, which decomposes a centralized model predictive control problem into a network of coupled, but small sub-problems that are solved by the distributed agents. Theoretical results ensure convergence of the distributed iterations to a globally optimal solution. The framework is applied to the signaling split control of traffic networks. Experiments conducted with simulation software indicate that the multi-agent framework attains performance comparable to conventional control. The main advantages of the multi-agent framework are its graceful extension and localized reconfiguration, which require adjustments only in the control strategies of the agents in the vicinity.     

Influence of avenue trees on traffic pollutant dispersion in asymmetric street canyons: Numerical modeling with empirical analysis

The dispersion of traffic-related pollutants in urban street canyons is of importance for the health and quality of lives. To reveal the inherent principle, researchers have performed a lot of investigations; many dispersion phenomena have also been assessed during recent years. However, the presence of avenue trees in street canyons and their capacity for pollutant dispersion remains partly addressed. In this study, we investigated the effects of avenue trees in urban street canyons on traffic pollutant dispersion. The dispersion of CO concentration in asymmetric street canyons was simulated under varied situations. The computational results showed a good agreement with the experimental data, and the numerical model was validated to be adequate for investigating the pollutant dispersion in street canyons. Then, the numerical simulations were extended to explore the impacts of the effects of avenue trees on CO dispersion; the results indicated that avenue trees generally increase CO concentrations in asymmetric street canyons. When the wind direction is perpendicular to the street axis, a terraced building raises pollutant concentrations at the windward wall and reduces concentration at the leeward wall on the pedestrian levels. Findings of this study are expected to provide significant insight into urban road design and strategy making for avenue tree planting, particularly under the existing worldwide sustainable low-carbon urban development.     

复合土壤胶结料在乡村公路工程中的应用研究

文章分析了复合土壤胶结料的性能特征,并结合工程实例,介绍了复合土壤胶结料在乡村公路工程中的施工工艺与应用效果,论证了复合土壤胶结料固化后的土体具有较高的强度及较好的水稳性与耐久性,可在乡村公路工程中推广应用。     

CORS技术与全站仪在郁江跨江线缆测量中的应用

跨江线缆测量主要采集跨江线缆的空间位置和属性特征,具有测区范围大、跨越地域广、测程较远等特点。文章结合广西郁江南宁至贵港Ⅱ级航道的跨江线缆测量工程实际,介绍采用CORS技术结合全站仪进行跨江线缆外业测量的技术方法,并分析了该方法与传统作业方式相比所具有的的优势,为CORS技术与全站仪的联合测量应用提供参考。     

油气站场管道腐蚀检测方法及节点控制

通过引进先进的超声导波检测技术和借鉴现有标准的做法,提出了针对站场管道腐蚀缺陷、外防腐层、区域阴极保护、土壤腐蚀性、杂散电流干扰的综合检测与评价方法,建立了输油气站场管道的腐蚀检测方法体系,明确了油气站场管道腐蚀检测中的关键节点.现场应用表明：该方法体系能够帮助检测人员实现对站场管道的非开挖或局部开挖检测,帮助管理者及时掌握站场管道的腐蚀状况.