顶张力立管涡激振动抑振装置性能比较

为降低甚至消除漩涡脱落引起的顶张力立管振动响应从而提高其疲劳寿命,设计了五种型式的涡激振动抑振装置,并在中国海洋大学物理海洋实验室对装有抑振装置的模型立管进行了实验研究.得到了模型立管在几种不同流速下顺流向和横向涡激振动应变时程曲线,同时为了对比分析也测量了没有安装抑振装置的裸管的响应曲线.对比分析了三种外流流速下抑振装置对立管涡激振动响应的影响,结果表明各种抑振装置对立管顺流向和横向涡激振动幅值和频率都有不同程度的降低,但其影响和有效性各不相同.     

细长海洋结构物涡激振动研究综述

随着世界范围内深海石油开采的需要,近年来关于海洋结构物涡激振动的研究越来越受到重视.虽然此问题在数值模拟和实验方面都已取得了一定的进展,但是还有许多问题尚待解决.同时,新型海洋结构物的引入给涡激振动的预报方法和抑振手段提出了新的挑战.因此,细长海洋结构物的涡激振动仍将是未来几年里备受关注的研究课题.本文在介绍有关涡激振动基本概念和理论背景的基础上,总结了近年来关于以深水立管为代表的海洋结构物涡激振动的研究与进展,包括对现有涡激振动分析工具的分类与评估;对柱体及海洋结构物涡激振动的实验研究;对深水立管与涡激振动相关的疲劳评估准则的研究;海洋结构物的横向、流向及轴向涡激振动的耦合作用研究;关于海洋结构物涡激振动的抑振措施和设备的理论及实验研究.本文着重介绍了计算流体力学方法在海洋结构物涡激振动研究中的应用和进展.最后,对海洋结构物涡激振动相关的研究热点的现状进行了总结并对今后工作提出了展望.     

钢悬链式立管涡激振动疲劳损伤参数分析

针对钢悬链式立管的结构特性,采用了简化后的振动模型。先对立管进行了模态分析;再根据立管的模态特性结合环境水流参数,采用模态叠加法对立管进行了涡激振动疲劳损伤分析。分析过程中,通过改变流速大小、立管壁厚、立管外径、内部介质以及抑制立管涡激振动的螺旋列板长度等参数,对立管的涡激振动疲劳损伤进行了相应的参数分析。结果表明:立管疲劳损伤随水流速度的增大、立管外径的增大以及内部介质密度的降低呈现上升趋势,但是壁厚变化对立管疲劳损伤大小影响却不显著。     

参激振动对顺应式垂直通路立管涡激振动的影响

顺应式垂直通路立管(CVAR)是目前处于研究阶段的一种新型的立管类型,在海流作用下产生涡激振动,在平台垂荡运动作用下产生参数激励振动。为了研究参数激励的影响,本文引入尾流振子模型模拟漩涡脱落对立管的作用,同时考虑浮式平台升沉运动产生的参数激励,建立了CVAR参激-涡激联合振动方程,获取联合作用下的动力响应,并与纯涡激振动响应进行对比。结果表明,在相同的流速下CVAR中部涡激振动幅值最大,流速的增大会导致涡激振动的频率增大,发生高阶锁振,高阶锁振振动幅值比低阶锁振振动幅值小。考虑参数激励之后,较纯涡激振动而言,立管的振动幅值增大;当参激频率与涡激振动频率接近时,立管的振动幅值最大。     

深水立管涡激振动非线性响应及疲劳分析

对于深水立管,研究其在均匀流作用下,考虑流固耦合时的涡激非线性动力响应及疲劳损伤分析。采用有限元方法,建立立管模型。计算均匀流产生的升力时,考虑流体速度与立管之间的相对速度。利用Newmark-β法对立管进行时域内的涡激响应分析,同时通过幅值谱对立管进行频域内的分析,得到涡激振动的主要模态。     

基于模型试验的实尺度立管涡激振动响应预报方法研究

为了研究立管涡激振动模型试验与实尺度立管涡激振动响应之间的相互关系问题,文章从模型试验的相似理论出发,基于涡激振动预报方法的理论分析;通过对模型试验中按照相似理论换算得到的流速进行调整的方法,改变模型立管的涡激振动响应,并逼近实尺度立管的涡激振动响应.结果表明:通过调整试验流速,提高试验的雷诺数,可以使立管模型的涡激振动响应模态数、无量纲振幅RMS(A/D)响应与实尺寸立管很好地符合.针对不同的缩尺比模型,给出了立管模型试验流速与其模拟的真实流速之间的对应关系式.     

轴向板条对海洋立管涡激振动抑振的数值研究

涡激振动是一种在海洋工程领域普遍存在的流固耦合物理现象,易导致海洋立管等结构物发生疲劳损伤或失稳。本文为抑制涡激振动而提出一种附加轴向板条的方案,采用非定常流体数值计算方法求解分析不同分布形式下的轴向板条对海洋立管涡激振动特性的影响。首先定义轴向板条的分布形式;采用Newmark-β法求解立管双自由度振动方程并编写UDF,计算采用k-ω/SST湍流模型,并结合动网格技术模拟立管的振动过程。研究结果表明,轴向板条对海洋立管具有较好的抑振效果;当轴向板条数目n=20时,流向振动幅度减小78.57%,横向振动幅度减小58.10%。本文研究结果可为海洋结构物涡激振动的抑振提供参考。     

分隔板、控制杆及减振器对串联立管涡激振动抑制的试验分析

针对分隔板、控制杆和减振器3种抑振装置对串联立管涡激振动的抑制效果问题,在波流水槽中进行不同间距下串联立管的裸管试验以及抑振管涡激振动试验。试验结果表明,在同一流速条件下,附加抑振装置后立管的振动振幅与裸管相比明显降低,所采用的3种抑振装置可不同程度抑制海洋立管的涡激振动。对于横向振动最优抑制效果来说,控制杆的最优抑制效果最好;对于顺流向振动最优抑制效果来说,分隔板在上游立管中的最优抑制效果最好,控制杆在下游立管中的最优抑制效果最佳。综合比较各间距与振动方向的最优抑制效果,控制杆能够对串联立管横向与顺流向的振动起到不错的抑制效果。     

顶张力对深水刚性立管涡激振动及疲劳损伤的影响

分析讨论顶张力对深水刚性立管在剪切流中的涡激振动响应和疲劳损伤的影响。从理论上分析张力对刚性立管固有特性的影响,并利用OrcaFlex软件建立数值模型,模拟不同顶张力系数下立管于剪切流中的涡激振动响应,同时采用S-N曲线法计算立管疲劳损伤。结果表明,顶张力对立管的影响直接体现在刚度上,立管刚度随着张力的增大而增大,因此顶张力对降低立管疲劳损伤有一定积极作用。但是随着顶张力的增大,其对降低疲劳损伤的贡献越来越小,而对立管强度储备的危害却逐渐增大。     

粗糙立管涡激振动响应特性数值模拟研究

海洋立管是连接浮式平台和海底井口的关键设备,涡激振动是其疲劳损伤的主要原因,海洋生物吸附等因素会影响立管表面的粗糙度,使涡激振动特性更加复杂.论文基于CFD(计算流体动力学)与CSD(计算结构动力学)的双向流-固耦合方法,引入粗糙壁面速度梯度修正模型,构建粗糙立管涡激振动数值计算程序,研究粗糙度、来流速度等参数对涡激振...     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。