混合动力汽车发展的必要性及关键技术分析

混合动力汽车综合了内燃机驱动式汽车及电动机驱动式汽车的二者优势,具有环保、节油的特点,得到了各国的广泛重视。文章主要阐述了混合动力汽车的发展现状,分析了混合动力汽车发展的必要性,并结合混合动力汽车应用的特点,分析了影响混合动力汽车性能的关键性技术。     

串联混合动力客车参数选择及仿真

在对比分析各种混合动力系统的基础上确定了混合动力城市客车的串联混合动力驱动形式,介绍了串联混合动力汽车总成参数的计算方法,并根据计算得到的参数使用ADVISOR软件进行了性能仿真。     

基于微项目的混合动力汽车发展策略研究

混合动力汽车是未来一段时期内清洁能源汽车的发展方向,其性能将不断得到完善和优化。根据这个特点,本文提出了在混合动力汽车开发过程中,使用微项目管理的创新研究方式。在混合动力控制方式确定的情况下,分析各个环节的状态以及对整车性能的影响进行立项。在对微项目的特点以及过程进行描述的基础上,对研究团队的组织结构和人员构成进行了分析,认为应该在企业层面上建立相应的机制,使用微项目推动混合动力汽车的发展。     

奔驰新能源汽车技术应用简介

随着能源危机和环境污染的日益严重,新能源汽车得到快速发展,在纯电动汽车续驶里程问题解决之前,插电式混合动力汽车具有一定优势,本文介绍了新能源汽车及插电式混合动力汽车的定义,并以奔驰S500插电混合动力为例,介绍了插电式混合动力系统的动力组成及特点。     

混合动力汽车能效优化与控制策略研究

随着环境问题和能源危机的日益严重,混合动力汽车作为一种节能环保的交通工具,得到了广泛关注。能效优化和控制策略是混合动力汽车研究的重要方向,对于提高汽车性能、降低能耗、减少排放具有重要意义。本文旨在探讨混合动力汽车的能效优化和控制策略,以提高汽车的整体性能和燃油经济性。     

混合动力汽车控制策略研究现状及发展趋势

混合动力汽车作为解决汽车工业节能和环保的一项新技术,目前已成为汽车研究和发展的焦点。文章对混合动力汽车研究中基于规则的稳态能量管理策略、模糊优化控制策略、瞬时优化控制策略和全局优化控制策略进行了分析和比较,指出了未来混合动力汽车控制策略研究的发展方向。混合动力能量管理控制策略是混合动力汽车的基础和核心,当前的混合动力控制策略还不是很理想和成熟,需要进一步的优化。     

串联混合动力客车参数选择及仿真

以某客车为原型,结合我国城市交通和公交车辆的行驶特点,在对比分析各种混合动力系统的基础上确定了混合动力公交客车的串联混合动力驱动形式,介绍了串联混合动力汽车总成参数的计算方法,最后根据计算得到的参数使用ADVISOR软件进行了性能仿真。     

功率分流混合动力汽车参数匹配与优化研究

在分析了功率分流混合动力汽车动力输出特性与系统匹配参数关系的基础上,提出了汽车参数匹配与优化的方法与流程,建立了多目标优化模型,并对某型混合动力汽车进行了参数匹配与优化,得到了合理的匹配结果,验证了该方法的有效性。     

混合动力汽车热引发的忧虑

一、混合动力汽车发展现状分析 目前,混合动力汽车已经在不少国家进行生产和销售了。世界上第一款混合动力汽车是本田公司的Insight,1999年销量只有200辆。到2000年,丰田公司推出普锐斯混合动力汽车时,混合动力汽车的年销量猛增至9350辆。2005年前8个月,混合动力汽车在北美市场的销量同比增长了131％。在我国,除一汽丰田公司的普锐斯混合动力汽车正式量产上市外,国内各汽车制造企业正纷纷进入混合动力汽车领域,     

混合动力汽车控制策略分析与展望

随着科技的不断发展以及人们环保意识的不断增强,混合动力汽车在当前的普及率不断提高。相较于传统汽车,混合动力汽车增加了电池驱动系统,动力源相较传统汽车来说有所增加,并且不同的动力源由于能量分配上的差异性对混合动力汽车的经济性和动力性也会造成一定程度上的影响。因此,为保障混合动力汽车的舒适性以及经济性,需做好控制措施,实现混合动力汽车长远可持续发展。据此,分析了混合动力汽车控制策略,并提出混合动力汽车今后研究和发展方向,以期为开展相关研究提供参考。     

一体式起动发电机系统概述

随着车用电器功率的不断增长,一体式起动发电机(ISA)系统被开发以满足电能需求。该系统的五项主要功能可分别改善经济性、舒适性等整车性能,但各功能的应用对储能系统分别提出了一定要求。现有的各种储能技术都不能全面满足ISA系统的能量要求,必须开发新的储能技术或系统。ISA系统的使用结果表明,该系统可显著提高燃油经济性及低速时的驾驶舒适性。     

Evaluating the effectiveness of a smartphone speed limit advisory application: An on-road study in Port-Harcourt,Nigeria

The development of mobile phone applications that provide speed limit advice and warnings offers opportunities for use of the technology in the improvement of driver safety. This paper looks at the effect of an advisory Intelligent Speed Assistance (ISA) application on driver speeding behaviour. Twenty participants (all males within the age range of 35–60 years) completed a within-group experimental design. Participants drove in real traffic on a 46 km test route which incorporated three-speed limits zones (50 km/h, 60 km/h, and 80 km/h speed limits) and aggregated into 10 different segments. Compared with baseline levels, possible impacts of ISA system functionalities on driver behaviour were studied through appropriate metrics including cumulative speed distribution, mean speed, speed deviation, 85th percentile speed, percentage distanced travelled above the speed limit, and safety benefit estimation. Results indicated the use of the ISA application led to significant improvement in speed limit compliance particularly in the 60 km/h and 80 km/h zones where speeding was eliminated. There were no observed negative effects on driver speeding behaviour from the use of the system. In general, the findings suggest the use of the ISA system, resulted in the adoption of vehicle speeds that are likely to improve road safety.     

轻度混合动力系统典型瞬态过程仿真分析

简要介绍了基于一体化起动机／发电机（Integrated Starter/Alternator-ISA)的轻度混合动力系统的结构及主要功能，着重阐述了单点喷射汽油机和ISA及控制器的建模过程，并对轻度混合动力系统的自动起动和功率辅助两个瞬态过程进行了仿真分析。     

Development of capacitor hybrid truck

Nissan Diesel Motor has developed a capacitor hybrid medium-duty truck. This vehicle involves a new power-train technology which makes for high efficiency and low emission with the basic technology being a high performance capacitor type storage device. The newly developed capacitor has an energy density that is twice as great as commercial ultracapacitors. The simple parallel hybrid system of this vehicle was composed of this capacitor, a single motor, a conventional diesel engine and a mechanical automatic transmission system. Fuel economy about 1.5 times greater than that of a conventional diesel truck is achieved. Furthermore, the TLEV level of exhaust emissions is also achieved.     

21世纪汽车动力技术前景展望

论述了传统内燃机在汽车动力应用方面遇到的挑战,探讨了先进内燃机技术、混合动力汽车、燃料电池汽车、电动汽车等的各种动力技术的发展状况及应用前景,并对各技术做了综合比较分析。     

Validity and limitations of the kinematic roll center concept from the viewpoint of spatial kinematics using screw theory

In this research, the concept of the kinematic roll center is reviewed from the viewpoint of three-dimensional spatial kinematics. The theory of screws, which is widely used in spatial kinematics and robotics, is used to prove the validity of the conventional planar methods for finding the roll center in an initial symmetric vehicle position. The kinematic roll axis, which is referred to as the roll twist axis in this paper, is defined as the instantaneous screw axis of the vehicle body in roll motion with respect to the ground, and a three-dimensional method to determine the roll twist axis of a full-vehicle model in an initial symmetric position is introduced. The proposed method is based on screw theory, which relates the kinematics of a full-vehicle model to the statics of the full-vehicle model using the concepts of screws, twists, wrenches, the rate of working, and the reciprocity of screws. The results of the proposed three-dimensional method are compared with those of the conventional planar methods, and it is found that the conventional methods are valid under the assumption that the vehicle is in a symmetric situation.     

Yaw rate and side-slip control considering vehicle longitudinal dynamics

Most conventional vehicle stability controllers operate on the basis of many simplifying assumptions, such as a small steering wheel angle, constant longitudinal velocity and a small side-slip angle. This paper presents a new approach for controlling the yaw rate and side-slip of a vehicle without neglecting its longitudinal dynamics and without making simplifying assumptions about its motion. A sliding-mode controller is used to develop a differential braking controller for tracking a desired vehicle yaw rate for a given steering wheel angle, while keeping the vehicle’s side-slip angle as small as possible. The trade-off that exists between yaw rate and side-slip control is described. Conventional and proposed algorithms are presented, and the effectiveness of the proposed controller is investigated using a seven-degree-of-freedom vehicle dynamics model. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed controller is more effective than the conventional one.     

Cooperative regenerative braking control for front-wheel-drive hybrid electric vehicle based on adaptive regenerative brake torque optimization using under-steer index

In this study, cooperative regenerative braking control of front-wheel-drive hybrid electric vehicle is proposed to recover optimal braking energy while guaranteeing the vehicle lateral stability. In front-wheel-drive hybrid electric vehicle, excessive regenerative braking for recuperation of the maximum braking energy can cause under-steer problem. This is due to the fact that the resultant lateral force on front tire saturates and starts to decrease. Therefore, cost function with constraints is newly defined to determine optimum distribution of brake torques including the regenerative brake torque for improving the braking energy recovery as well as the vehicle lateral stability. This cost function includes trade-off relation of two objectives. The physical meaning of first objective of cost function is to maximize the regenerative brake torque for improving the fuel economy and that of second objective is to increase the mechanical-friction brake torques at rear wheels rather than regenerative brake torque at front wheels for preventing front tire saturation. And weighting factor in cost function is also proposed as a function of under-steer index representing current state of the vehicle lateral motion in order to generalize the constrained optimization problem including both normal and severe cornering situation. For example, as the vehicle approaches its handling limits, adaptation of weighting factor is possible to prioritize front tire saturation over increasing the recuperation of braking energy for driver safety and vehicle lateral stability. Finally, computer simulation of closed loop driver-vehicle system based on Carsim? performed to verify the effectiveness of adaptation method in proposed controller and the vehicle performance of the proposed controller in comparison with the conventional controller for only considering the vehicle lateral stability. Simulation results indicate that the proposed controller improved the performance of braking energy recovery as well as guaranteed the vehicle lateral stability similar to the conventional controller.     

Predictive control of a vehicle trajectory using a coupled vector with vehicle velocity and sideslip angle

In this paper, a predictive algorithm for vehicle trajectory control using the vehicle velocity and sideslip angle is proposed. Since the driving state of a vehicle generates nonholonomic constraint equations, it is difficult to control the trajectory with a conventional control algorithm. Furthermore, control vectors such as vehicle velocity and sideslip angle are coupled together; hence, a separate control for each variable is not suitable. In this study, a coupled control vector that combines the velocity and sideslip angle is proposed for the predictive control of vehicle trajectory. Since the coupled control vector is derived from the status of the vehicle’s motion, it is easy to generate a feedback control vector for the predictive controller. The coupled vector cannot be directly used as input to the vehicle systems; therefore, the vehicle input vector should be calculated from the control vector using a nonlinear function. Since nonlinear functions are not inserted in the control loop, they are calculated by the controller. Therefore, this method does not require a linearization process in the control logic, which enhances the stability and accuracy of the predictive controller.