轮心六分力作用下悬架疲劳载荷谱提取

准确提取车身连接点载荷是车身疲劳耐久性分析的关键.本文基于某轻型客车研发过程中单独对前、后车轮测取的道路试验轮心六分力数据,采用前、后悬架动力学模型提取车身连接点载荷,分析了多种悬架模型方案及其仿真结果,并与试验结果进行了对比.本文方法能够提取车身连接点载荷,为低成本准确获取车身疲劳耐久分析输入载荷提供了参考.     

汽车前后轴台架疲劳试验与海南汽车试验场的疲劳寿命当量关系

以某轻型汽车后桥壳为例，运用工程疲劳寿命估算与道路模型疲劳试验相结合的方法，给出了该后桥壳基于海南汽车试验场可靠性试验的道路行驶载荷条件下所得到的疲劳寿命概率分布。     

轮胎尺寸对汽车结构疲劳累积损伤影响研究

基于结构耐久试验工况,通过六分力设备与底盘杆系所采集的整车道路载荷谱,应用动力学载荷分解方法获得虚拟随机载荷谱,对车身结构进行应力分析和疲劳累积损伤计算。在底盘关键位置布置传感器,同时在车身结构中CAE疲劳分析所对应的5个高应力区粘贴应变片,先后采用3套不同尺寸参数(包括胎高和胎面宽度)的轮胎以相同的耐久工况(同一个试验场,试验路面及对应的速度相同)来进行实车载荷对比测试。针对车身结构载荷幅值、频域进行分析,并基于雨流循环计数对车身和底盘件进行疲劳累积损伤计算与分析。整车实际测试的结果表明,CAE所预测到的损伤(裂纹)位置及其里程数与路试结果相吻合;在同样使用条件下,轮胎内径越大,车身结构和汽车底盘的寿命越低,已经可进行量化对比。     

汽车试验场搓板路强化系数的研究

通过对试验车辆的疲劳寿命估算,利用道路强化系数计算方法,研究汽车试验场搓板路强化系数,为汽车可靠性强化道路试验规范的制定、验证和优化提供依据。采用有限元动态仿真技术模拟汽车在试验场搓板路的试验过程,仿真与试验结果进行对比验证,对应的特征参数基本一致。利用有限元仿真的结果对样车关键部件进行疲劳寿命分析和预测,求取试验场搓板路面的强化系数,并得到搓板路强化曲线。研究的结果应用于指导汽车路试规范的准确制定,减少试验的盲目性,增强试验的可信度,缩短研发周期和试验成本。     

虚拟试车场技术预报载货汽车底盘耐久性研究

针对载货汽车开发过程中传统耐久性试验周期长、费用高的缺点,以某耐久性试车场道路为输入条件,应用虚拟试车场技术(VPG)建立了整车虚拟仿真模型.模拟分析载货汽车底盘动应力响应,并与相同路况下的实车试验测试结果进行了对比研究.结果表明,测试结果与VPG模拟结果在时域与频域上的趋势基本一致.在此基础上,运用疲劳分析软件FEMFAT4.7实现了对载货汽车底盘耐久性的有效预报.     

某车型后减振器上支座失效分析优化

针对某车型整车道路试验过程中出现的后减振器上支座失效问题,通过查看分析故障件的失效状态,结合应用Abaqus软件进行CAE仿真分析,确定了其失效的主要原因是由于在整车运动过程中,上支座衬套的橡胶凸台的应力太大。对此提出了改进的设计方案,通过台架试验和整车道路试验的验证,结果表明,改进后的后减振器上支座解决了耐久失效问题,同时经整车NVH和操稳性能评价后确认改进方案未对整车性能产生不利影响。     

基于室内道路模拟技术的整车加速耐久性试验的研究

兼顾损伤和功率谱密度,对从试验场采集的道路载荷谱进行综合编辑,以缩短试验周期.在道路模拟试验台上对编辑后的载荷谱进行迭代,求得汽车的驱动谱,并总结了迭代过程中调整增益系数等关键技术.最后在道路模拟试验台上进行加速耐久性试验,结果表明,该室内道路模拟技术能在更短的时间内准确再现试验场试验所呈现的故障.     

New methodology for determination of load spectra for the vehicle accelerated durability testing associated with the time correlated fatigue damage analysis method

The generation of valid and effective test spectra from proving ground recorded load spectra is critical for automotive durability testing. Traditional methods mostly based on spectrum damage were used to select load spectra. Statistical characteristics of load spectra were taken into account, and a new load spectra determination method based on a concatenation of a multi-section minimum standard deviation spectrum (CMSD) was proposed. The CMSD spectra were created and based on proving ground recorded load spectra. Fatigue damage analyses showed that the CMSD spectra approximated the mean damage spectra and were representative of proving ground load spectra. Subsequently, the CMSD spectra were edited by applying the time correlated fatigue damage (TCFD) analysis method to generate accelerated loading spectra. The spectra editing process of the TCFD was discussed in detail. Validation of the accelerated spectra was conducted from amplitude and frequency domains. The same fatigue damage and identical spectrum properties were retained in the accelerated spectra. A vehicle 4-post testing was finally conducted where the accelerated loading spectra were applied as the target spectra. Several fatigue fracture phenomena occurred during our test, which showed good agreement with the field test. Therefore, the load spectra determination method CMSD associated with the load spectra editing method TCFD were demonstrated reasonable and practical.     

实测道路载荷谱在新开发车型车身疲劳分析中的应用

根据新研发车和现有车型具有相同底盘平台的特点,提出一种利用现车道路载荷,快速进行新车车身疲劳分析和评估的方法。建立新车多体模型,放大现车道路载荷并结合轮胎接地位移为输入。根据车轮力传感器(WFT)载荷测量特点,正确地对模型加载激励,仿真得到车身载荷谱。选用合理疲劳分析方法预测车身寿命,以现车车身的疲劳分析损伤为目标,对不合格局部进行合理优化,最终新车车身达到设计耐久目标。     

汽车试验场可靠性试验强化系数的研究

通过对路面载荷谱幅值分布函数的拟合求解，依据疲劳等损伤原则，在提出当量频次概念的基础上，推导了计算汽车可靠性试验强化系数的数学模型。采用该方法分析计算一种试验场汽车可靠性试验强化系数，计算结果离散性小。     

Design Optimization of a Rear Independent Suspension for the Korean Light Tactical Vehicle

Steering and suspension handle the direction of a vehicle according to the driver’s intentions and control the disturbance from the road surface while supporting the vehicle body. The static and dynamic characteristics of two systems are critical factors for the ride comfort and the directional stability. In the layout stage, the hard points of steering and suspension systems are determined. In the next design stage, the detailed design of the system, including gearboxes, springs, shock absorbers, and control links, is carried out. While the optimal hard points of a suspension are determined at the precedent design, interference with other peripheral components should be carefully examined in the detailed design process. In the case of the design point change should be made to avoid the interference, subsequent position and shape changes of the link mechanism are required. Therefore, there is a need to examine the optimization of suspension compliance characteristics with chassis design changes and the durability performance of the modified design. This study proposes an integrated analysis method for the design optimization and the durability evaluation of such optimized design specifications of the rear independent suspension for a military vehicle.     

基于载荷谱的轿车后车身耐久性能分析

本文以中心开发的乘用车后车身的疲劳耐久特性作为研究对象,截取整车后半部分白车身建立有限元模型,以实测车轮六分力载荷谱经多体动力学仿真分析输出的后悬架安装点激励作为疲劳计算的载荷输入。在此基础上,通过疲劳仿真分析软件FEMFAT分别对开发车与竞品车后车身疲劳寿命进行了对比分析,并将仿真分析结果与试验结果进行了对标,为该乘用车车身的设计开发及改进提供重要依据。     

Fatigue assessment of rear axle under service loading histories considering the strengthening and damaging effects of loads below fatigue limit

Accurately predicting the fatigue life is the basis for the reliability and lightweight design of automobile parts. However, the predicted lives under service loadings on the basis of the S-N curve from constant amplitude loads from existing methods often seems conservative compared with real lives, because of ignoring the strengthening effect of loads below fatigue limit. In this paper, a fatigue damage model, which is modification of Miner’s Rule, was established for the fatigue assessment under service loadings by means of taking into account the strengthening and damaging effects of loads below fatigue limit. Then this model and conventional Miner’s Rule are applied to the estimate the fatigue life of a torsion beam rear axle using the loading history recorded on proving ground. Finally, verification tests are performed on MTS road load simulator test bed. Results of predicted lives and fatigue tests demonstrate that the accuracy of the predicted life could be greatly improved by taking into account the strengthening and damaging effect of loads below fatigue limit.     

利用计算机仿真技术预测车身零件疲劳寿命

为缩短新车开发周期、节约样本制造费用，本文提出了一种在计算机仿真环境中预测车身零件疲劳寿命的新方法。以某轻型客车为例，首先建立了该车的整体有限元模型。然后将采自试车场的典型路面谱作用于轮胎与路面 的接触点进行随机激励。不仅首次在计算机上模拟了汽车随机振动过程，而且得到了关键部位的加速度和动态应力响应及其相应的功率谱密度。最后，应用随机振动和疲劳累积损伤理论对仿真结果进行后处理，估算出该车在一定速度下连续行驶的疲劳寿命。其分析结果显示的危险部位与道路试验基本一致。     

扭转梁后桥性能仿真优化及试验分析

扭转梁后桥开发过程中,须按照从整车技术要求分解出的零部件技术规范进行设计,并借助CAE优化技术对零部件各性能进行优化。本文主要针对某型扭转梁后桥侧向力耐久疲劳和减振器力耐久疲劳工况进行优化分析,结构优化后耐久疲劳寿命提高。实物样件台架验证结果与优化仿真分析结果基本一致。     

扭力梁悬架一体化疲劳寿命方法研究

针对某车型扭力梁后悬架出现疲劳断裂的问题,提出了试验方法与计算机辅助工程（ CAE）方法相结合的一体化疲劳分析方法,即利用汽车试验场耐久性试验、MSC PATRAN、MSC NASTRAN、MSC ADAMS分析软件和人工神经网络算法,有效解决疲劳寿命分析中的三个关键问题：快速准确的有限元模型的建立、疲劳应变的计算、疲劳寿命预测。以扭力梁后悬架疲劳寿命分析为例,对比试验测试结果与仿真分析结果表明该一体化疲劳寿命分析方法能在汽车设计开发阶段准确预测汽车零件疲劳寿命。     

基于ABAQUS的某商用车后桥系统强度耐久性能仿真研究

文章基于有限元法,采用ABAQUS软件,对某商用车后桥系统进行了CAE强度分析,超载30%工况强度分析、扭转耐久、垂直弯曲耐久、转弯弯曲台架三工况CAE疲劳耐久分析,分析结果显示,后桥系统强度和耐久性能满足设计目标。     

基于遗传算法的车辆悬架系统等效物理参数识别

针对车辆悬架系统的功能及物理特性,以车轴的运动为系统输入,对复杂的整车行驶模型进行了合理简化。以某型专用越野车辆为例,建立了簧载质量的3自由度振动模型,推导了簧载质量任意位置处的加速度频响函数;利用汽车试验场道路测试数据,通过遗传算法编写VC程序进行了数据拟合,得到了悬架系统在不同路面工况下的等效物理参数。实际应用表明,拟合结果具有较高的可信度。     

汽车平顺性时域仿真分析

采用虚拟试验场技术进行了汽车行驶平顺性的时域仿真。建立了面向汽车平顺性分析的整车刚弹耦合有限元模型,同时建立了脉冲输入路面模型和随机输入路面模型。采用1/3倍频带分布加速度均方根值方法及总加权方法对试验车辆的平顺性进行了评价。试验结果表明,运用虚拟试验场技术能够真实地反映汽车的行驶平顺性,仿真分析结果可靠。     

道路模拟试验用载荷谱样本选择方法

以某B型车后桥在标准试车场测得的载荷谱为例，提出运用疲劳统计学母体存活率估计量和向量模相结合的基本数学方法，建立多参数条件下选取存活率为50％载荷谱样本的法则，阐明获取具有一定存活率条件下的载荷谱样本选取方法。