破片高速侵彻防护液舱剩余特性研究

为探讨破片高速侵彻液舱后的剩余特性,通过弹道试验,并结合有限元分析软件Ansys/Ls-Dyna,比较破片侵彻垂直和倾斜液舱后的瞬时余速和运动轨迹。试验结果表明:破片穿透液舱前板初期,会产生空泡和射流,空泡大小和射流强度与破片入水初速有关,而空泡形状和射流方向则受液舱的倾斜角度影响;破片穿透液舱前板后,在水中的运动轨迹会发生偏转,偏转方向与破片入水初速有关。     

破片高速侵彻防护液舱剩余特性研究

为探讨破片高速侵彻液舱后的剩余特性,通过弹道试验,并结合有限元分析软件Ansys/Ls-Dyna,比较破片侵彻垂直和倾斜液舱后的瞬时余速和运动轨迹.试验结果表明:破片穿透液舱前板初期,会产生空泡和射流,空泡大小和射流强度与破片入水初速有关,而空泡形状和射流方向则受液舱的倾斜角度影响;破片穿透液舱前板后,在水中的运动轨迹会发生偏转,偏转方向与破片入水初速有关.     

不同含水量液舱在弹体撞击下的动态响应特性

为了明确液舱在平头弹体侵彻下的变形毁伤特点,利用100%含水量液舱的高速侵彻实验,结合数值仿真方法,分析了平头弹作用下液舱含水量对舱壁动态响应的影响规律。结果表明：在相同含水量条件下,弹体初速度越高,弹体在水中的速度衰减越快,耗散的动能越多;同时弹体速度的衰减也随液舱含水量的增加而增大。弹体动能的耗散使得舱内形成空泡,且空泡尺寸随弹体速度的增加而增大。液舱壁由于空泡的作用产生了外凸变形,且其变形量随弹体速度及含水量的增加而增大;当液舱部分含水时,舱壁出现非对称变形,液面下的舱壁的最大变形量与满舱时近似相等。     

不同含水量液舱在弹体撞击下的动态响应特性

为明确液舱在平头弹体侵彻下的变形毁伤特点,利用100%含水量液舱的高速侵彻试验,结合数值仿真方法,分析平头弹作用下液舱含水量对舱壁动态响应的影响规律。结果表明:在相同液舱含水量条件下,弹体入射初速度越高,弹体在水中的速度衰减越快,其耗散的动能越多;同时弹体的速度衰减亦随液舱含水量的增加而增大。弹体动能的耗散使得舱内形成空泡,且空泡尺寸随弹体速度的增加而增大。液舱壁由于空泡的作用产生了外凸变形,且其变形量随弹体速度及含水量的增加而增大;当液舱部分含水时,舱壁出现非对称变形且液面下的舱壁的最大变形量与满舱时近似相等。     

高速破片入水镦粗变形及侵彻特性有限元分析

为研究水下接触爆炸产生的高速破片在水中侵彻的阻力特性,采用有限元对典型高速破片入水侵彻过程进行了模拟,计算了破片侵彻的阻力系数,分析了破片墩粗变形规律及其对侵彻阻力的影响,提出了考虑墩粗变形影响的高速破片侵彻阻力及速度计算公式,指出了高速破片的侵彻能力随速度的变化规律。结果表明,初速度大于969～1 187 m/s时破片头部将产生显著变形,并大大影响其侵彻阻力;当破片速度较小时,入水侵彻深度随初始弹速的增大而增大,当破片速度达到某一临界值以后,侵彻深度将随初始入射速度的增大而逐渐减小。     

高速破片侵彻下防护液舱后板的载荷特性数值分析

利用LS_DYNA软件,对高速破片侵彻防护液舱过程中液舱后板的载荷特性进行仿真研究,分析液舱后板载荷的空间分布特性及破片的速度和厚度对液舱后板载荷的影响,得到了液舱后板任一点的压力峰值和比冲量的拟合计算公式。研究表明,液舱后板的载荷在板中心(即破片中心在液舱后板上的投影点)最大,随着到中心点的距离增加而呈指数衰减;增加破片的速度或厚度,将使液舱后板任一点的压力峰值和比冲量均增大。     

饼形破片入水侵彻速度衰减公式的修正

[目的]破片是舰船液舱防护的重点对象,开展高速饼形破片入水速度衰减特性研究可为液舱的防护分析和优化提供理论参考。[方法]首先,考虑破片入水过程中阻力系数的变化,引入经验系数a和b,改进经典理论公式;然后,采用数值仿真方法模拟破片入水过程,将仿真结果与经典理论公式和改进公式的计算结果进行对比;最后,通过经验系数a和b,研究初始速度和长径比对破片侵彻速度衰减规律的影响。[结果]结果显示,与经典公式相比,改进公式更适用于研究饼形破片入水侵彻速度的衰减特性。阻力系数与长径比有关:当长径比小于0.5时,阻力系数受侵彻位移变化的影响较大;当长径比大于0.5时,阻力系数受侵彻位移变化的影响较小,可以把阻力系数看作常数。[结论]利用改进的理论公式可以简单计算液舱对饼形破片的防护效果。     

高速弹体侵彻液舱试验研究

为研究高速弹体侵彻液舱过程中的水锤效应和结构毁伤机理,本文开展了高速弹体侵彻液舱试验测试,得到了高速弹体入水产生的冲击波压力的传播和衰减规律,并采用高速相机记录了高速弹体侵彻液舱过程中空泡的演化过程.试验设计了不同厚度的液舱前后靶板,发现水锤效应使得液舱后板变形比前板更严重.此外,后靶板在侵彻过程中的变形会直接影响到反射冲击波压力的传播和衰减,较大的后靶板变形可显著缓解前靶板的变形情况.试验结果对舰船液舱结构的设计优化具有一定的参考价值.     

战斗部破片侵彻舰船横舱壁结构的数值分析

半穿甲型反舰导弹主要通过破片侵彻能力和爆炸冲击波能量对目标构成毁伤作用。通过对爆炸破片特性和舰船横舱壁结构破坏模式的分析,采用合适的材料模型和有限元仿真技术,对战斗部破片侵彻舰船横舱壁结构的过程和毁伤效应进行动态描述,分析横舱壁在高速破片侵彻下的破坏机理。考虑破片的可变形性,给出破片侵彻的能量变化和舱壁结构的吸能特性,获得侵彻速度与横舱壁结构吸能的关系曲线,并比较舱壁板和骨材的吸能情况随侵彻速度变化的规律,为侵彻载荷工况下现代舰船横舱壁的防护设计提供参考。     

高速破片侵彻防护液舱试验研究

为研究水下接触爆炸产生的高速破片在水中的侵彻特性,针对3.3 g立方体破片进行了水下弹道试验,结果表明:破片的侵彻阻力系数受形状的影响较大,撞击隔板时产生压缩波使破片产生墩粗和侵蚀,造成破片迎流面积的增加和质量的下降,从而使破片在速度较高时侵彻深度反而下降。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。