海上超大型储油船的水弹性频域分析

超大型储油船是海上浮式储油基地的主要组成结构,对其进行水弹性响应分析是保障储油基地安全的一个重要环节,在势流理论的基础上采用特征函数展开法求解流场速度势以及底板水动压力分布,采用一组简单的正弦振型函数,将结构的水弹性响进行模态叠加,然后代入结构水弹性运动方程求解结构的水弹性响应,讨论不同波长对结构水弹性响应的影响。     

多域Rankine-Kelvin源法计算浮体水动力方法研究

文章采用无限长无网格圆柱面作为控制面将流体域分为内域与外域,内域使用简单Green函数(Rankine源),外域使用满足自由表面Green函数(Kelvin源),圆柱控制面上的速度势与速度势法向导数采用Laguerre-Fourier级数进行展开。将两种水动力方法的结合既可以保持两种方法的优点又可以减少自由面上网格划分面积且内域只需要计算一次。无限长圆柱绕射势存在解析解,利用该解析解对Laguerre-Fourier级数展开速度势的精度进行验证。采用半球作为浮体,将附加质量与阻尼系数的数值解和解析值进行对比,验证该算法的精度。     

迎浪端配置减振板的超大型浮体平板模型水弹性响应分析

在箱型超大型浮体迎浪端引入水下减振平板,依据势流理论,采用模态展开法和特征函数展开法求解流体速度势,并将其代入水弹性运动方程,求解该浮体的水弹性响应。探究减振板板宽、入水深度等参数对超大型浮体水弹性响应的影响;对比有无配置减振板情况下,入射波波长变化对浮体水弹性变形的影响,这些为今后的工程应用提供了理论依据。     

超大型浮体的水弹性响应分析

针对海上超大型浮体与波浪相互作用这一流固耦合问题,把超大型浮体简化为二维薄板,应用特征函数展开法求解流场速度势,采用正弦模态函数对结构运动进行模态展开分析,计算浮体的水弹性响应。     

二维直角平面内多个圆孔对稳态平面SH波的散射

利用复变函数法.多极坐标及傅立叶级数展开技术求解了二维直角平面内多个圆孔对稳态入射平面SH波的散射问题.首先构造出介质内不存在圆孔时的入射波场和反射波场;其次建立介质内存在圆孔时由圆孔边界产生的能够自动满足直角边应力自由条件的散射波解,从而利用叠加原理可写出介质内的总波场.利用圆孔边界处应力自由条件和傅立叶级数展开方法列出求解散射波中未知系数的无穷代数方程组,在满足计算精度的前提下通过有限项截断,得剑相应有限代数方程组的解,最后通过算例具体讨论了介质中含有两个圆孔时其中一个圆孔边界处的动应力集中系数以及直角平面水平边界点的位移幅度比随无量纲波数、入射波入射角及两圆孔相互位置的不同而变化的情况,结果表明了本文算法的有效实用性.     

超大型浮体结构考虑非线性项的波浪力响应计算

为求解超大型浮体结构波浪响应问题,将其简化成弹性梁板模型。以有限元软件为基础来建立超大型浮体结构的弹性梁板模型,在势流理论的基础上,将速度势分解为入射势、绕射势和辐射势三部分,并利用格林函数法推导出一阶、二阶波浪速度势的表达式。以此为理论基础,编制了相应的计算程序来计算浮体结构所受到的二阶波浪力,最后建立了梁板模型的水弹性响应方程,对非线性波浪力作用下的浮体结构的水弹性响应进行求解分析,并分析了波向对响应振幅的影响。     

铰接多浮体耦合解析计算

利用Lagrange方程求解波浪作用下的铰接多浮体结构运动响应.基于二维微幅波理论,将流场分成若干子区域,在每个子区域内将速度势用特征函数展开,在各区域边界上进行速度势及水平速度的匹配并结合运动方程耦合求解速度势中的系数及结构响应值.计算与实验结果的比较表明,所采用的计算方法是合理的,可以为研究波浪与铰接多浮体相互作用作为参考.     

波叠加法解的非唯一性问题改进及声源位置优化研究

本文提出一种有效满足声场整体计算精度需求且能保证声场唯一解的改进方法.该方法在单极子波叠加法的基础上,以分析波数范围内重构前后体积速度相对误差为目标函数,以同形缩小系数为优化变量对声源所在曲面位置进行优化选取,再通过辐射体内部添加适量额外的单极子源可有效保证声场的唯一解.两个数值算例表明:对于脉动球源,球心处添加一个单极子源的改进波叠加法可以有效避免解的非唯一性问题,且具有非常高的计算效率及精度;对于复杂几何体,以体积速度相对误差为目标函数优化得到的单极子源位置,添加附加源后可求得声场的唯一解,且满足整体计算精度要求.     

波浪对外壁开孔双圆筒结构的作用

以速度势的特征函数展开和透空壁内两壁间压力差和流体速度成正比的线性模型为基础,对于波浪和透空外壁同轴双筒柱之间的相互作用,可以得到一个线性半解析解.数值实验用以检验孔隙系数和透空部分大小,以及内外柱径之比对双筒柱上波浪力和波面高度影响.文中还列举出物理模型实验结果与数值实验结果的比较,可以看出二者吻合较好.通过调整备个系数,双筒柱可以减小波面高度及波浪荷载.     

四桨两舵推进系统的水动力干扰研究

利用较为简捷的扰动速度势的基本积分方程，从解面元法的基本积分方程得到偶极强度，直接求得流场中的速度势分布；为避免在物面上数值求导，用Yanagizawa方法求得物面上的速度分布并通过Bernoulli方程计算桨舵的压力分布，以此计算桨舵的升力系数等宏观量，再通过迭代的方式考虑桨舵的相互影响。通过对某大型舰船的四桨两舵推进系统的水动力所进行的分析研究得到了一些有益的结果。     

有限水深中垂直下潜弹性薄板的水波散射(英文)

The problem of water wave scattering by a thin vertical elastic plate submerged in uniform finite depth water is investigated here.The boundary condition on the elastic plate is derived from the Bernoulli-Euler equation of motion satisfied by the plate.Using the Green’s function technique,from this boundary condition,the normal velocity of the plate is expressed in terms of the difference between the velocity potentials(unknown)across the plate.The two ends of the plate are either clamped or free.The reflection and transmission coefficients are obtained in terms of the integrals’involving combinations of the unknown velocity potential on the two sides of the plate,which satisfy three simultaneous integral equations and are solved numerically.These coefficients are computed numerically for various values of different parameters and depicted graphically against the wave number in a number of figures.     

线性水波理论中远场无波势的构建(英文)

Various water wave problems involving an infinitely long horizontal cylinder floating on the surface water were investigated in the literature of linearized theory of water waves employing a general multipole expansion for the wave potential. This expansion involves a general combination of a regular wave, a wave source, a wave dipole and a regular wave-free part. The wave-free part can be further expanded in terms of wave-free multipoles which are termed as wave-free potentials. These are singular solutions of Laplace’s equation (for non-oblique waves in two dimensions) or two-dimensional Helmholz equation (for oblique waves) satisfying the free surface condition and decaying rapidly away from the point of singularity. The method of constructing these wave-free potentials is presented here in a systematic manner for a number of situations such as deep water with a free surface, neglecting or taking into account the effect of surface tension, or with an ice-cover modelled as a thin elastic plate floating on water.     

带有变化率的同轴圆柱体受到的波浪力研究(英文)

Wave diffraction of two concentric porous cylinders with varying porosity was studied by using an analytical method based on eigenfunction matching.The fluid domain around the cylinders is divided into three sub-domains and in each sub-domain an eigenfunction expansion of the velocity potential is obtained by satisfying the Laplace equation,the boundary conditions on the free surface and on the sea bed.The unknown coefficients of eigenfunction expansions are determined by boundary conditions on the porous hulls.In the paper,the boundary conditions are based upon the assumption that the flow in the porous medium is governed by Darcy’s law.Two porous-effect parameters applied on two porous cylinders are functions of the vertical coordinate instead of the constant.Wave loading on the outer and inner cylinder is presented in the numerical results.     

Second-order hydrodynamic effects on an arrangement of two concentric truncated vertical cylinders

The second-order diffraction problem by a piston-like arrangement that consists of two concentric surface piercing cylinders is considered. The developed matched axisymmetric eigenfunction expansion solution methodology in cylindrical co-ordinates is based on the semi-analytical formulation of the velocity potentials in the various fluid regions which are defined by the geometry of the two-body arrangement. The main difficulty associated with the specific configuration originates from the fact that the geometry defines two fluid regions that extend up to the free surface in which the inhomogeneous second-order free surface boundary condition has to be fulfilled. To this end the associated velocity potentials in these regions are decomposed into a number of components defining the so-called ‘free’ and ‘locked’ waves. The latter are calculated by solving the resulting Sturm–Liouville problems. The seek second-order velocity potential in the whole fluid domain is then derived by enforcing matching conditions for the radial velocities and the fluid pressures at the cylindrical boundaries of adjacent fluid domains. Numerical results concerning the second-order hydrodynamic loading and the wave run-up on the cylinders are given, whereas special attention is given at incident wave frequency regions where the first-order exciting wave forces attain maximum values due to the resonant fluid motions in the moonpool.     

具有高阶导数自由表面边界条件的两层流体无波势和多级的构建（英文）

There is a large class of problems in the field of fluid structure interaction where higher-order boundary conditions arise for a second-order partial differential equation. Various methods are being used to tackle these kind of mixed boundary-value problems associated with the Laplace's equation(or Helmholtz equation) arising in the study of waves propagating through solids or fluids. One of the widely used methods in wave structure interaction is the multipole expansion method. This expansion involves a general combination of a regular wave, a wave source, a wave dipole and a regular wave-free part. The wave-free part can be further expanded in terms of wave-free multipoles which are termed as wave-free potentials. These are singular solutions of Laplace's equation or two-dimensional Helmholz equation. Construction of these wave-free potentials and multipoles are presented here in a systematic manner for a number of situations such as two-dimensional non-oblique and oblique waves, three dimensional waves in two-layer fluid with free surface condition with higher order partial derivative are considered. In particular, these are obtained taking into account of the effect of the presence of surface tension at the free surface and also in the presence of an ice-cover modelled as a thin elastic plate. Also for limiting case, it can be shown that the multipoles and wave-free potential functions go over to the single layer multipoles and wave-free potential.     

Construction of wave-free potentials and multipoles in a two-layer fluid having free-surface boundary condition with higher-order derivatives

There is a large class of problems in the field of fluid structure interaction where higher-order boundary conditions arise for a second-order partial differential equation. Various methods are being used to tackle these kind of mixed boundary-value problems associated with the Laplace’s equation (or Helmholtz equation) arising in the study of waves propagating through solids or fluids. One of the widely used methods in wave structure interaction is the multipole expansion method. This expansion involves a general combination of a regular wave, a wave source, a wave dipole and a regular wave-free part. The wave-free part can be further expanded in terms of wave-free multipoles which are termed as wave-free potentials. These are singular solutions of Laplace’s equation or two-dimensional Helmholz equation. Construction of these wave-free potentials and multipoles are presented here in a systematic manner for a number of situations such as two-dimensional non-oblique and oblique waves, three dimensional waves in two-layer fluid with free surface condition with higher order partial derivative are considered. In particular, these are obtained taking into account of the effect of the presence of surface tension at the free surface and also in the presence of an ice-cover modelled as a thin elastic plate. Also for limiting case, it can be shown that the multipoles and wave-free potential functions go over to the single layer multipoles and wave-free potential.     

A time-domain higher-order boundary element method for 3D forward-speed radiation and diffraction problems

A time-domain higher-order boundary element method for seakeeping analyses in the framework of linear potential theory is newly developed. Ship waves generated by two modified Wigley models advancing at a constant forward speed in calm water or incident waves and the resultant radiation and diffraction forces are computed to validate this code. A rectangular computational domain moving with the same forward speed as the ship is introduced, in which an artificial damping beach is installed at an outer portion of the free surface except the downstream side for satisfying the radiation condition. The velocity potential on the ship hull and the normal velocity on the free surface are calculated directly by solving the boundary integral equation. An explicit time-marching scheme is employed for updating both kinematic and dynamic free-surface boundary conditions, with an embedding of a second-order upwind difference scheme for the derivative in the x-direction to stabilize the calculation. Extensive results including the exciting forces, added mass and damping coefficients, wave profiles, and wave patterns for blunt Wigley and slender Wigley hulls with forward speed are presented to validate the efficiency of the proposed 3D time-domain approach. The corresponding physical tests of the radiation and diffraction problems in a towing tank are also carried out. Computed numerical results show good agreement with the corresponding experimental data and other numerical solutions.     

圆弧型贯底式防波堤防浪效果的解析研究

给出了圆弧型贯底式防波堤防浪效果计算的解析方法.假定防波堤刚性、薄壁、不透浪,水深恒定.假想存在一个圆柱面,把流场划分为内外区域,在每个区域上将速度势用特征函数展开,然后在它们的公共边界上进行匹配,匹配的原则是公共边界上速度连续,压力连续,从而可得到关于未知系数的一组线性代数方程组,解出未知系数,即可求得流域中任意一点的速度势和波高.数值结果给出了不同入射波波长及防波堤所对不同圆心角时防波堤周围波幅的等高线图.结果表明:圆弧型贯底式防波堤具有很好的防浪效果,通常情况下,掩护区域内的波高仪为入射波波高的20%～50%,对于短波,甚至可降到10%.     

基于多次透射公式和无奇异边界元法模拟全非线性数值波浪水池

文章基于势流理论对全非线性的三维数值水池进行了模拟,其控制方程由无奇异边界积分方程法(Desingularized Boundary Integral Equation Method,DBIEM)进行离散求解,在求解全非线性的自由面微分方程时,文中采用混合欧拉—拉格朗日法(Mixed Eulerian-Lagrangian,MEL)和四阶Adams-Bashforth-Moulton(ABM4)预报—修正方法,为了避免结果发散即增强数值稳定性,文中采用B样条法来光顺波面.同时,在远方辐射控制面上采用多次透射公式方法(Multi-transmitting Formula,MTF)来进行消波,文中得到的结果与理论解进行了比较,结果表明该方法可用来有效模拟全非线性的数值波浪水池.