The new economic order and African shipping policies

This paper approaches the problem of port labour training in Africa. It examines various aspects of immediate training, apprenticeship training and career training with the implementation of a pedagogic method of training, fully adapted to the specific needs of a port.     

Rail vehicles,environment, safety and security

This paper starts with a discussion on typical vehicles. The concepts and the usual practice for rail wagon design, both freight and passengers are presented. A discussion on rail and the environment comes next followed by Truck-Trains. Accident theories, metaphors and investigation methods are widely discussed; Hazard – Barrier – Target Model, Swiss Cheese Model, Bow-Tie Model, Fault Tree Analysis and Event Tree Analysis are explained. This paper concludes with a technical discussion on safety and security of rail vehicles, standards for safety and measures against terrorist attacks.     

The design of liner shipping serives: the problem of feeder services versus multi-port-calls

In this paper, the authors outline the structure of liner shipping systems with special emphasis on the question of whether feeder services are superior in economic terms to the more traditional and commonly-used multi-port-calling system. They describe the theoretical advantages of the former over the latter, and develop a model by which the optimal conditions both operate in may be determined. This model is then applied to a real situation to ascertain whether the theory works in practice. They conclude that the shuuttle/feeder system is worthwhile only in exceptional circumstances when specific route characteristics—low trade density; hinterland generated cargo; inland position of port; and heavy congestion—coexist. Despite the expense of multi-port-calling, it remains the most practical solution to the thin trade problem.     

中国航运安全现状及存在问题

<正>20世纪80年代以来,世界各国更加注重实行开放的经济政策,大力发展国际贸易,因而海上交通日趋繁忙,海事随之大大增加,造成了大量的财产损失和人员伤亡。严酷的海上事故现实引起了整个航运界的高度重视,都在尽一切办法减少和防止海事的发生。     

Safety in Greek coastal shipping: The role and risk of human factor revisited

The comprehensive analysis presented in this paper investigates the links and comparative assets between human factor and other factors that are important determinants of maritime transport risk. In this outline, the identification of factors, such as age and ship size, that can be statistically linked (i.e. statistical significance) to whether an accident in a passenger vessel can be attributed to human factor or other causes is addressed accordingly. This way, the role of human factor in relation to safety of Greek coastal shipping is revealed and the spotlight is able to focus on the various aspects and points that manifest the importance of human element in the maritime industry. The risk assessment of the transportation with Greek passenger ships is being used in order for the safety level of Greek coastal shipping to be adequately estimated. Moreover, the comparison between the values of risk for accidents caused by human factor and those attributed to other causes is an established way to bring to the fore the unbroken relationship between the human factor and marine accidents’ consequences. The paper is concluded with interesting insights and comments drafted through the aforementioned tasks.     

船舶运输精矿粉的安全监管

介绍了船舶运输精矿粉发生的一些严重事故,全面分析了船舶运输含水量过大精矿粉所存在的危险性因素,并根据原因分析提出对此类船舶的安全监督管理建议。     

浅谈航运公司安全管理体系与质量管理体系的有效结合

本文从安全管理体系与质量管理体系的建立背景、原理出发，讨论了两个体系的相互关系。在文件结构、运行方法上给出了两个体系有效结合的建议和方法，为航运公司的体系建设和运行管理提供帮助。     

航运公司安全管理体系审核规范性探讨

分析了“安全管理规则”的实施现状,对实施过程出现的问题进行了分析并提出了建议,使审核工作朝着更加规范、更加完善的方向发展。     

洪泽湖区（淮安市）航运安全综合保障体系研究

在分析洪泽湖区近十多年的船舶事故原因的基础上,明确影响湖区船舶航行安全的主要因素是风浪.根据湖区的环境因素,计算正常水位条件下5个风级、8个方位的波浪情况,得到船舶在湖区事故多发段的波浪要素,并结合航线方向探讨船舶遭受波浪作用时的运动规律,进而提出具体工程技术措施和安全措施,以建立船舶航运安全综合保障体系.     

中、日两国船舶投融资政策比较浅析

本文通过对我国与日本船舶投融资政策的定性与定量比较,揭示了我国当前船舶投融资政策存在的问题,同时给我国未来船舶投融资政策的制定提供了一些启示.     

人工挖孔桩技术及施工的安全问题

人工挖孔桩是广泛的应用与工业与民用建筑中的一种地基处理方法.就其在工程中的应用,分析了其工作原理、适用范围以及在工程应用中的安全技术措施和质量控制,为设计和施工人员提供参考.     

舱底水处理系统及其PSC检查

港航文化是交通文化的重要组成部分,是港航系统信奉和倡导并在港航事业发展实践中贯彻和落实的价值理念,是港航文明创建的重要要素。是经济发展的重要因素。     

商船反海盗劫持措施探讨——“安全区”的设置和使用

鉴于目前海盗劫持商船事件时有发生,从两起商船获救事件入手,从安全、实用的角度,探讨如何在商船上正确设置和恰当使用"安全区",使其发挥预期的作用。     

Economic policies and seaports: The diversity of port policies

This paper contrasts the economic policies adopted towards seaports by different countries in terms of their approaches to national, regional or local control. Various examples are presented and described, together with some of the difficulties that have been encountered. Examples are cited where national, regional and local governments have become involved, even though constitutional provisions appeared to present this. It is argued that national, regional and local governments all have interests in the efficiency of ports from various points of view; hence all should be involved. The arguments for and difficulties experienced in centralized planning and co-ordination are also discussed.

The variety of activities directly undertaken by port authorities is discussed, with the extreme positions labelled 'landlord' and 'comprehensive'. The remarkable variety of intermediate positions is also described. Whilst oversimplification is dangerous, the opportunities for expanding the private sector are analysed, even to the extent of wondering whether public sector port authorities are needed at all. This, therefore is the subject of the next paper.     

中日航线近期运价飙升为那般?

进入8、9月以来,中日航线市场出现了货量节节上升、班轮舱位饱满的旺盛景象.在货量快速增长的强劲推力下,航线运价从8月22日起,由300-350USD/TEU起步,路攀升至600USD//TEU;之后又从9月6日开始,在600USD/TEU的"平台"上,纵身一跃,飙升到了翻了一番的价位.紧接着,由八家船公司协商达成共识,从9月23日开始执行1000USD/TEU的运价.历经此三波,中日航线运价很快创下了历史最高点,拉出了一条急剧上扬的阳线.     

境外国际航运中心软环境建设经验及启示

为促进上海航运软环境建设的顺利进行,介绍境外著名国际航运中心在经济体制、税收制度、法律环境、金融外汇、贸易投资政策等5个方面的成功经验,并就税收、法律、金融保险等3个关键要素对上海国际航运中心软环境建设提出建议：制订航运企业税收激励计划;完善海事法律制度,提升海事法律人才水平;丰富航运金融保险产品,培养复合型人才。     

港口航运货主企业间的共赢发展

青岛港位于中国山东半岛胶州湾东西两岸,始建于1892年,是具有112年历史的国家特大型港口.由青岛老港区、黄岛油港区、前湾新港区三大港区组成.现有员工16000多人.主要从事集装箱、煤炭、原油、矿石、粮食等各类进出口货物的装卸服务和国际国内客运服务.     

努力创造适应航运经济发展的交通安全环境

在经济全球化的今天，航运在民办贸易中发挥着重要作用。为顺应航运发展需要，交通安全、船舶保安、航运效率和海洋清洁成为现阶段国际海事的主要内容。中国海事局代表政府履行水上交通公共安全和环境保护的公共管理和社会服务职能。同时，代表国家对水上交通安全和环境保护行使管辖权，履行国际公约赋予缔约国主管机关的责任和义务。     

Fleet deployment optimization for liner shipping Part 1. Background, problem formulation and solution approaches

The background and the literature in liner fleet scheduling is reviewed and the objectives and assumptions of our approach are explained. We develop a detailed and realistic model for the estimation of the operating costs of liner ships on various routes, and present a linear programming formulation for the liner fleet deployment problem. Independent approaches for fixing both the service frequencies in the different routes and the speeds of the ships, are presented.