用未遂事件报告制度控制安全风险

安全管理一直都是企业生存和发展的生命线。航运企业作为一种高危行业,其安全工作的重要性更是不容小觑。除了国际业界共知的公约和法律法规(如:     

海域溢油风险管理的思考

<正>大连新港码头溢油事件应急处理中,当地政府反应迅速、作业目标明确、指挥协调有力,海事、环保等部门发挥了各自的行政职能和专业管理水准。大连"7·16"事故,为固定点源一次有限泄漏加     

Towards port infrastructure adaptation: a global port climate risk analysis

In this paper, a new concept of “port climate risk exposure function along the sea–land boundary axis” is introduced as a critical component towards port adaptation. This concept derived from a global survey which was conducted over 29 countries to assess perceived climate risks to port infrastructure from relevant experts. The methodology used 48 climate scenarios developed based on existing data. Ultimately, this paper serves as a global climate risk indicator to guide further adaptive initiatives in ports.     

Maritime safety and the ISM code: a study of investigated casualties and incidents

In 1993, the International Maritime Organization adopted the International Safety Management (ISM) Code which requires all shipping companies operating certain types of vessels to establish safety management systems. Nevertheless, two decades later, maritime safety remains a concern. This article studies 94 maritime cases investigated by the Maritime Accident Investigation Branch in the UK. By providing an analysis of reported casualties and incidents, it highlights current challenges in maritime safety. For each casualty and incident, the study reviews the underlying causal factors. These causal factors are then coded according to the functional sections of the ISM Code, covering various aspects of safety management. To investigate human and organizational factors involved in the casualties and incidents, the human factor analysis and classification system (HFACS) is applied to code the same data. Finally, the relative seriousness of casualties and incidents is considered to discuss the findings from ISM Code and HFACS reviews. The study found that the main challenges pertain to the development of plans for shipboard operations, local shipboard management, and the ability of the company to verify when such practices deviate from best practices or required standards.     

Asymptotic analysis of mode I propagating crack-tip field in a creeping material

Adopting an elastic-viscoplastic, the asymptotic problem of mode I propagating crack-tip field is investigated. Various asymptotic solutions resulting from the analysis of crack growing programs are presented. The analysis results show that the quasistatically growing crack solutions are the special case of the dynamic propagating solutions. Therefore these two asymptotic solutions can be unified.     

浅析ERP物料系统在修船企业中的作用以及实施要点

ERP（Enterprise Resource Planning）系统即企业资源管理计划,是企业信息化的一种。文章将围绕ERP系统中的物料管理系统,首先阐明现阶段实施物料管理信息化的必要性和重要性,然后讲述在实施ERP物料管理系统的过程中的重点和难点以及应对办法,最后讲述系统上线后的维护与二次开发等。     

海事工程建设项目委托审计的思考

当前委托审计是海事系统在工程建设项目竣工后采用的主要审计方式,并在工程建设项目的审计监督中发挥出日益重要的作用。文中阐述了海事系统内部审计机构从积极履行对委托审计工作“归口管理”职能的角度,强化对委托审计管理工作中各关键环节的控制,从而实现对工程建设项目委托审计工作质量的有效保证。     

实现数值水池的关键技术初步分析

文章简要介绍了数值水池的技术内涵和特征;在此基础上,论述了数值水池与CFD的发展性和应用性差异,分别提出了CFD技术与数值水池发展的关键技术族,同时对实现数值水池的主要关键技术进行了分析和阐述;最后以船模阻力虚拟测量系统开发为例,介绍了其中的部分主要关键技术及其解决途径。该文的研究工作,可为数值水池研发提供重要的参考和支撑。     

船舶修理作业的安全风险分析与控制

文章用安全系统的理论和方法,针对船舶修理作业的特点,提出作业过程中存在的主要风险,分析了各作业环节包括的主要危害因素,提出风险控制的方法,以确保有效控制船舶修理作业过程中的各类风险.     

Roll-on/roll-off semi-trailer models: a comparison of results

A comparison is made of the various mathematical models that have been constructed, over the past 15 years, of a semi-trailer that can be carried on roll-on/roll-off ships, and some results from five of the models developed by the author are given. The purpose of this comparison is to show that even in the absence of reliable experimental evidence, there is such good agreement between the models that the results from each of them can be relied upon. Problems resulting from large lashing loads and deck loads are highlighted, and it is suggested that the present codes which govern the way semi-trailers are secured on board ship need further scrutiny. Received: January 28, 2000 / Accepted: December 6, 2000     

船舶航线数据库关键数据提取数学建模分析

针对传统关键数据提取模型提取准确率和召回率双低的问题,建立了一个新的船舶航线数据库关键数据提取数学模型。该模型首先需要构建一个分类器,利用分类器将数据库中的数据进行分类;然后将四叉树、R-树相结合构建一个复合型OR-树结构关键数据索引;最后利用建立好的关键数据索引在分类好的数据中提取关键数据。结果表明:与利用主成分分析或粗糙集理论建立的提取模型相比,利用本次构建的模型进行关键数据提取,提取准确率提高3.3%和9.4%,召回率提高6.2%和7.9%。     

The market for second-hand ships: Further results on efficiency using cointegration analysis

This paper examines the dynamic behaviour of second-hand prices of tankers and dry-cargo vessels over various time periods, with a view to determining whether or not the markets for such assets are efficient. It extends and re-analyses the results of an earlier study by Hale and Vanags, published in this journal in 1992. Using a more modern method of testing for cointegration, it is shown that both the tanker and dry cargo markets appear to be cointegrated, a fact which would suggest that these markets are inefficient. It is suggested that the existence of cointegration does not necessarily imply market inefficiency, if the factors that create the common trends are themselves stochastic in nature. With this in mind, it is argued that the evidence put forward in this paper is still consistent with market efficiency in the long run.     

浅析军用小型船艇结构材料的选用

军用小型船艇担负着水上交通运输、特种作业、侦察作战等特殊使命,必须采用各种特定结构和功能性材料,保证其在整个服役期内能够发挥自身应有的作用。通过综合分析军用小型船艇在其生命周期内的所处环境及相关活动,结合船艇部队的装备情况,简要地分析了军用小型船艇结构材料选用的各项条件。     

对一起货损案两种审判结果的评析

一起货损纠纷，原先诉至海事法院，后叉上诉至天津高院，出现两种不同结果的判决。     

The utility analysis of risk attitudes in shipping

Many methodologies have been developed in order to optimize business decision making. By definition, optimization is only possible when an objective, or set of objectives, has been specified. However, the presence of risk obscures the potential payoffs of a particular decision. How different decision makers react to this phenomenon is reflected in the different objectives which they adopt. One corollary of this diversity of objectives is that any generally applicable optimization method must explicitly take into account the influence of risk attitude on decision choice. Because of the magnitude of the risks involved, virtually nowhere is this requirement more relevant than in relation to shipping decisions. This paper presents and justifies a method for assessing and measuring attitudes towards market risk. The method is applied to a sample of shipowners in Britain, Norway, Hong Kong and Greece and the risk profiles that are developed have some surprising, and important, implications for decision making in shipping.     

Some insights in novel risk modeling of liquefied natural gas carrier maintenance operations

This study discusses the analysis of various modeling approaches and maintenance techniques applicable to the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) carrier operations in the maritime environment. Various novel modeling techniques are discussed; including genetic algorithms, fuzzy logic and evidential reasoning. We also identify the usefulness of these algorithms in the LNG carrier industry in the areas of risk assessment and maintenance modeling.     

浅析物资管理信息系统的开发

介绍了在借鉴先进的物资管理理念和最新技术成果基础上,开发的物资管理信息系统,及其对促进物资管理的现代化发展,满足“物资体改”的要求,为天津港生产物资供应实现科学管理,提高经济效益,起到的重要作用。     

海底输气管道泄漏风险定量分析

由于海底管道工作环境的恶劣性,其失效概率较高,一旦发生泄漏事故,后果严重．本文以某一海洋平台周围海底输气管道为背景,运用海洋工程领域风险评估软件NEPTUNE对不同破损情况下天然气泄漏扩散的情况进行了模拟,计算了泄漏气体点燃概率,预测了泄漏天然气爆炸事故的危害半径,其分析结果对海底管道油气泄漏扩散范围的预测及油气点燃概率计算方法的研究具有一定的参考作用．     

风险评估指数法在舰船装备故障风险分析中的应用

文章使用风险评估指数法对舰船装备故障的风险进行了分析,给出了风险评估指数矩阵,划分了舰船装备故障的高、中、低风险区;探讨了基于风险评估指数法进行的舰船装备故障风险分析在维修管理工作中的几点应用.     

半潜起重铺管船关键连接节点设计对比分析

针对半潜式起重铺管船的设计关键节点——立柱与上平台转角处,采用直接计算方法,对两种不同的设计连接形式进行分析研究。分别对两种不同连接形式在屈服强度、疲劳寿命和施工建造三个方面进行对比,得到较优的结构设计,可供相关设计者参考。