Rigid sensor allocation and placement technique for reducing the number of sensors in thermal monitoring

Using embedded thermal sensors, dynamic thermal management (DTM) techniques measure runtime thermal behavior of high-performance microprocessors so as to prevent thermal runaway situations. The number of placed sensors should be minimized, while guaranteeing accurate tracking of hot spots and full thermal characterization. In this paper, we propose a rigid sensor allocation and placement technique for determining the minimal number of thermal sensors and the optimal locations while satisfying an expected accuracy of hot spot temperature error based on dual clustering. We analyze the false alarm rates of hot spots using the proposed methods in noise-free, with noise and sensor calibration scenarios, respectively. Experimental results confirm that our proposed methods are capable of accurately characterizing the temperatures of microprocessors.     

基于AT89S52单片机的温度显示系统设计

单片机技术可应用于电炉加热的水温控制或空气温度测试等方面。本文对一个基于单片机的空气温度显示系统进行了设计,利用AT89S52单片机、LCD1620液晶显示屏和温度传感器等元件实现了相关电路,搭建了相应的硬件平台并编写软件进行调试,最终达到设计的要求。     

带增程器的电动车控制系统设计

为了提高电动车的操控性,电机控制系统的灵活性并延长续驶里程,克服目前常用控制方法的弊端,设计了一种以单片机结合专用控制芯片的带增程器的电动车控制系统.介绍了系统的控制方案,通过数学计算和模拟仿真,设计并评价整车的控制策略.该系统采用模块化设计,专用控制芯片负责对电机的直接控制以减少单片机的工作负担,单片机主要负责对专用芯片的控制,并依据蓄电池SOC值控制增程器的开闭,实现整车系统的控制策略,实现了整车、增程器、电机控制的有效结合.最后测试了电机响应性能并进行了整车调试.     

沥青路面表面纹理三维高精度激光非接触式检测

为实现沥青路面纹理构造高精度自动检测,借助三维激光技术实现路面纹理三维重构,提出模拟铺砂的沥青路面构造深度测量方法. 首先采用高精度三维激光扫描仪获取雅康高速公路沥青路面0.1 mm精度三维高程数据,同时人工铺砂法获取对应区域的宏观构造深度值;其次通过数字图像处理技术实现重构沥青路面三维云图并进行数据噪声处理;最后设计四连通多种子组合填充算法,实现在滤波后的三维路面纹理云图上自动铺砂并获取路面纹理宏观构造深度值. 研究结果表明:模拟铺砂测量方法与人工铺砂法测量的平均构造深度（MTD,M)的平均绝对误差为0.052 mm,两者相关系数为0.96. 研究成果验证了用非接触式路面纹理测试替代现有的接触式路面摩擦性能测试的可行性,为道路交通安全网级监测与管理奠定基础.      

基于基金会现场总线的温度测控器的研制

介绍了一种基于FF总线的温度测控器的设计方法，给出了硬件电路和软件流程，以及物理层及数据链路层部分的设计．文中包括系统结构、通讯控制器使用和单片机选型的问题．采用FB3050通讯控制芯片和AT89S53CPU配合，测控器完成现场信号采集、控制．利用FB3050芯片的强大功能，可在低功耗条件下处理实时复杂通讯协议．这种温控器的研发和应用，可提高现场测控精度和可靠性，同时有助于促进现场技术推广。     

Mirror Mapping of Laser Interferometer Measurement System on Ultra-precise Movement Stage

The accuracy and repeatability of the laser interferometer measurement system （LIMS） are often limited by the mirror surface error that comes from the mirror surface shape and distortion. This paper describes a new method to calibrate mirror map on ultraprecise movement stage （UPMS） with nanopositioning and to make a real-time compensation for the mirror surface error by using mirror map data tables with the software algorithm. Based on the mirror map test model, the factors affecting mirror map are analyzed through geometric method on the UPMS with six digrees of freedom. Dam processing methods including spline interpolation and spline offsets are used to process the raw sampling data to build mirror map tables. The linear interpolation as compensation method to make a real-time correction on the stage mirror unflatness is adopted and the correction formulas are illuminated. In this way, the measurement accuracy of the system is obviously improved from 40 nm to 5 nm.     

Surface reconstruction of scanned human body using radial basis functions and adaptive partition of unity

It is important to reconstruct a continuous surface representation of the point cloud scanned from a human body. In this paper a new implicit surface method is proposed to reconstruct the human body surface from the points based on the combination of radial basis functions (RBFs) and adaptive partition of unity (PoU). The whole 3D domain of the scanned human body is firstly subdivided into a set of overlapping subdomains based on the improved octrees. The smooth local surfaces are then computed in the subdomains based on RBFs. And finally the global human body surface is reconstructed by blending the local surfaces with the adaptive PoU functions. This method is robust for the surface reconstruction of the scanned human body even with large or non-uniform point cloud which has a sharp density variation. Foundation item: the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 50575139) and the Shanghai Special Fund of Informatization (No. 088)     

采用动态流变剪切方法评价改性乳化沥青高温性能的研究

为了对改性乳化沥青高温性能及影响因素进行更好地评价,选用直接加热蒸发法获取SBR及SBS改性乳化沥青残留物。在此基础上,进行多应力重复蠕变恢复试验,探讨温度、胶乳含量及胶乳种类3个因素对改性乳化沥青高温性能的影响。研究结果表明,随着温度的升高,SBR改性乳化沥青残留物高温抗变形能力变弱;随着胶乳含量的增加,SBR改性乳化沥青残留物高温抗变形能力变强;SBS改性乳化沥青高温性能优于SBR改性乳化沥青。     

Hardware architecture design of block-matching and 3D-filtering denoising algorithm

Block-matching and 3D-filtering(BM3D) is a state of the art denoising algorithm for image/video,which takes full advantages of the spatial correlation and the temporal correlation of the video. The algorithm performance comes at the price of more similar blocks finding and filtering which bring high computation and memory access. Area, memory bandwidth and computation are the major bottlenecks to design a feasible architecture because of large frame size and search range. In this paper, we introduce a novel structure to increase data reuse rate and reduce the internal static-random-access-memory(SRAM) memory. Our target is to design a phase alternating line(PAL) or real-time processing chip of BM3 D. We propose an application specific integrated circuit(ASIC) architecture of BM3 D for a 720 × 576 BT656 PAL format. The feature of the chip is with 100 MHz system frequency and a 166-MHz 32-bit double data rate(DDR). When noise is σ = 25, we successfully realize real-time denoising and achieve about 10 d B peak signal to noise ratio(PSNR) advance just by one iteration of the BM3 D algorithm.     

自动检测系统非线性误差的神经网络校正方法

在自动检测系统中,由于传感器、放大器、A/D转换电路等存在非线性误差,使得检测系统存在非线性误差.非线性误差是系统误差,属于静态误差.为减少检测系统的测量误差,在自动检测系统中需要对非线性误差进行校正.讨论了一种采用FLANN神经网络进行非线性误差的校正方法.这种方法比采用整段校正、平方插值校正等方法具有更好的性能.     

基于猎人猎物优化与双向长短时记忆组合模型的汽车出车率预测

汽车出车率预测对于交通管理者预先制定精准化管控方案、实施协调化统筹调度，以及调控汽车保有量规模具有重要意义。为此，本文提出一种基于猎人猎物优化算法与双向长短时记忆神经网络组合模型(HPO-BiLSTM)的汽车出车率预测方法。首先，分析汽车出车率的关键影响因素，提取出17个特征影响因子，结合标准化处理后的重构时间序列，基于随机森林算法进行变量的重要度评估，筛选出最优特征集合作为预测模型输入；其次，为解决神经网络算法容易陷入局部极值的难题，建立一种融合猎人猎物优化算法(HPO)与双向长短时记忆神经网络(BiLSTM)的组合预测模型，利用HPO的探索-开发机制，实现BiLSTM框架的动态化搭建与精细化调参；最后，结合北京市中心城区的汽车出车率数据集进行模型性能的测试与检验。结果表明：与自回归差分移动平均模型、灰色模型、卷积神经网络模型、长短时记忆神经网络模型以及双向长短时记忆神经网络模型等经典算法相比，HPO-BiLSTM模型在汽车出车率预测中的平均绝对误差(MAE)、平均绝对百分比误差(MAPE)和均方根误差(RMSE)分别降低了23.85%～54.38%、20.67%～57.40%、27...     

平面包络环面蜗杆齿面的螺旋线误差检测及溯源

为了提高平面包络环面蜗杆齿面的加工精度, 提出了环面螺旋线误差检测、加工误差溯源及修正加工方法. 以微分几何和啮合理论为基础, 建立了平面包络环面蜗杆的齿面方程、环面螺旋线数学模型及带误差的环面螺旋线数学模型, 分析了测头半径补偿原理及误差评定方法. 利用研制的环面蜗杆检测仪检测了样件齿面螺旋线误差, 应用遗传算法进行了误差溯源分析, 并以溯源结果为基础, 修正加工了样件齿面. 结果表明, 修正加工后的样件齿面螺旋线误差从0.140 mm降至0.025 mm.      

A New Arithmetic Coding System Combining Source Channel Coding and MAP Decoding

A new arithmetic coding system combining source channel coding and maximum a posteriori decoding were proposed. It combines source coding and error correction tasks into one unified process by introducing an adaptive forbidden symbol. The proposed system achieves fixed length code words by adaptively adjusting the probability of the forbidden symbol and adding tail digits of variable length. The corresponding improved MAP decoding metric was derived. The proposed system can improve the performance. Simulations were performed on AWGN channels with various noise levels by using both hard and soft decision with BPSK modulation.The results show its performance is slightly better than that of our adaptive arithmetic error correcting coding system using a forbidden symbol.     

高速铁路线下工程沉降差压式精密测量系统

为精确获取高速铁路基础结构沉降变形信息,提出了差压式沉降测量方法,以静止流体欧拉平衡微分方程为基础,讨论了测量基本原理,通过差压处理及对流体密度进行温度修正解决了温度变化引入测量系统误差的问题,对传感器量程、热漂移特性等关键技术参数进行了分析,设计集成了沉降自动化精密测量系统HSMS-1.对高速铁路某线桥梁基础沉降的实测结果表明: HSMS-1在-18~42 ℃环境温度内与电子水准仪测值一致,最大偏差仅为0.44 mm, 300 mm量程沉降测量系统测试准确度可达0.2级,适用于复杂自然环境下高铁线下工程沉降的长期自动化测试.      

船用大型压气机质量流量分区域建模方法

针对查表法外推能力不可靠以及采用单一曲线拟合法时在压气机不同工作区域的预测与外推精度不一致的问题, 提出了一种船用大型压气机质量流量分区域建模方法; 通过定义区域划分函数, 将压气机整个工作区域划分为设计工况区、低转速区、高转速区与低压比区, 通过对比与分析经典的和近年提出的压气机质量流量数学模型的预测和外推精度, 为每个区域选择精度最高的数学模型; 为防止在动态仿真过程中当压气机运行点由其他区进入低压比区时可能出现的不连续间断点, 应用一种曲线融合方法来保证等转速线的平滑过渡; 为验证所提出的建模方法的正确性与有效性, 将其应用于一台船用大型低速二冲程柴油机仿真模型中开展稳态与瞬态仿真试验。研究结果表明: 相比查表法, 提出的建模方法可有效提升主机仿真模型增压器转速的稳态预测精度, 平均绝对百分误差由3.54%下降至0.61%, 在改变主机转速与负载这2种瞬态工况下, 压气机的运行点可平稳、连续地由设计工况区过渡至非设计工况区; 提出的建模方法既能准确预测压气机设计工况区内的已有样本数据点, 又能合理、稳健地外推至非设计工况区, 既可直接应用于涡轮增压发动机的动态仿真研究中, 也可用于离线生成压气机在全工况范围内的性能图谱, 进而应用于商业发动机性能仿真软件中。      

汽车电子节气门控制器设计

分析了汽车电子节气门控制器的结构原理,建立了节气门控制器的数学模型＋选用Intel公司的16位单片机与H桥TLE6209芯片为控制器的主要硬件,分析了控制器的响应特性。     

公路平面线形自动化设计中拟合曲率图的识别和转化

公路平面线形设计中 ,如何将样条似合曲线转化成传统的平面线形 ,两者曲率图之间的转换是关键 .笔者重点阐述了拟合曲线曲率图转化成传统平面线形曲率图的自动识别方法 ,并用实例论证其可行性 ,然后利用得到的曲率图转化模式采用最小二乘法实现了曲率图和平面线形的转化 .     

表面含裂缝沥青路面低温收缩断裂分析

考虑沥青混合料的感温特性,应用ABAQUS的瞬态热分析和热-力耦合求解技术,采用奇异单元及断裂力学理论,对沥青路面在低温大温差作用下的温度应力表面裂缝问题进行了数值分析.分析结果表明：外界环境温度变化对沥青路面面层的影响最大,其次是基层;低温收缩产生的温度拉应力在裂尖附近急剧增大,导致材料损伤,致使裂缝进一步扩展;降温幅度对应力强度因子KⅠ的影响显著,大温差是高寒地区沥青路面损伤的重要原因.     

Compressive sensing reconstruction based on weighted directional total variation

Directionality of image plays a very important role in human visual system and it is important prior information of image. In this paper we propose a weighted directional total variation model to reconstruct image from its finite number of noisy compressive samples. A novel self-adaption, texture preservation method is designed to select the weight. Inspired by majorization-minimization scheme, we develop an efficient algorithm to seek the optimal solution of the proposed model by minimizing a sequence of quadratic surrogate penalties. The numerical examples are performed to compare its performance with four state-of-the-art algorithms. Experimental results clearly show that our method has better reconstruction accuracy on texture images than the existing scheme.     

基于多源数据融合的干线公交车辆行程时间预测

为提高城市中心区干线公交车辆行程时间的预测精度，在拟合公交车辆行程时间分布特征的基础上，提出基于多源数据的干线公交行程时间预测模型.对RFID及GPS检测器获取的实际数据进行预处理及分布拟合，其中混合高斯分布函数适用于单路段拟合，对数正态分布适用于多路段的拟合.采用皮尔逊相关性系数对影响行程时间的因素进行相关性分析，其中上游路段前2 个时间窗的平均行程时间的影响最大.分别采用ARIMA、改进的SVM模型对行程时间进行预测，其中改进的SVM模型的平均绝对百分比误差为6.26%，优于ARIMA模型的11.69%，更适用于短距离交叉口间的公交车辆行程时间预测.