Magic Formula减振器数值模型的参数识别与虚拟调校

为研究减振器的调校和匹配,需要建立可以完整描述减振器的外特性曲线理论模型。介绍了一种新型减振器模型——Magic Formula减振器数值模型,同时给出了一种有效、精确地模型参数辨识方法。然后将模型参数化,嵌入到7自由度整车Simulink模型中,以整车的动力学性能为优化目标,联合Isight软件,使用多目标优化算法,在C级路面对减振器的阻尼特性进行虚拟调校。优化结果表明,调校后的减振器的阻尼特性能够较明显改善车辆的动力学性能。     

汽车减振器阀系参数建模及CAD软件开发

利用节流压力与流量以及阀片变形之间的关系,建立了减振器阀系参数设计数学模型和优化目标函数.在此基础上,开发了一套减振器阀系参数CAD软件,并对其特点进行分析.通过实例,利用该软件对阀系参数进行CAD设计,并对减振器进行了阻力特性试验,其结果与特性要求值相近.这表明所建立的减振器阀系参数设计模型是正确的,所开发的阀系参数CAD软件是可靠的,对于减振器设计具有实际推广价值.     

汽车磁流变非线性悬架模糊控制

建立了整车悬架系统的三维模型,根据试验数据得出了前后悬架弹簧的非线性特性曲线。前后悬架减振器均采用磁流变减振器,采用Bouc-Wen参数化模型为其阻尼力模型。采用模糊控制算法为整车半主动控制算法,采用ADAMS和Matlab联合对整车平顺性进行仿真。结果表明,采用模糊控制算法控制磁流变非线性悬架可提高整车的平顺性。     

汽车双筒式减振器热-机耦合特性分析

为解决减振器温升过高而漏油失效问题,提出了减振器机械动力学与其热学特性相互耦合的模型(热-机耦合模型)。采用MATLAB/SIMULINK建立闭环正反馈系统的热-机耦合模型,仿真计算得到某减振器在多种工况及不同参数下的温升特性曲线。研究结果表明,减振器设计参数、外界激励因素、热物性参数如油液密度对其温升特性产生影响,而减振器热物性参数如油液比热容、缸筒密度、比热容和导热系数对其无影响。     

一种新型汽车减振器优化设计方法研究

在对磁流变液减振器理论模型进行分析的基础上,确定了影响磁流变液减振器性能的结构参数。将磁流变液的非线性磁特性与非牛顿流体力学性能相结合,建立了以降低磁流变液减振器响应时间常数、增加其调节比为目标函数的优化模型。根据优化结果,研制了一种新型车用磁流变液减振器,并进行了验证试验。     

汽车转向系减振器原理及其阻尼特性的试验分析

介绍了汽车转向系减振器的原理及其发展概况，提出了应用高频电液伺振器进行转向系减振器阻尼特性测试的试验技术及数据处理分析方法，并给出了一种轿转转向系减振器阻尼特性的试验分析结果，建立了其非线性阻尼参数模型。     

基于ADAMS的麦弗逊悬架减振器侧向力优化

针对麦弗逊悬架减振器侧向力问题,建立某车型的前麦弗逊悬架ADAMS参数化模型,通过优化螺旋弹簧实际作用力线达到优化减振器侧向力的目的。结果表明,通过合理的设计,螺旋弹簧的实际作用力线可以达到100%消除麦弗逊悬架减振器侧向力的问题。     

基于AMESim某车型减振器仿真方法研究

AMESim减振器建模是基于零部件级的液压系统建模,考虑到叠加阀片的非线性弹性特征,采用有限元仿真分析计算阀片刚度曲线,再将曲线导入AMESim模型中进行系统仿真。仿真结果表明,减振器速度特性曲线和示功图与试验数据吻合良好,符合工程实际要求。基于AMESim某车型双筒减振器建模仿真并与客观试验对比,从而验证仿真模型的正确性,并且大大缩短了整车性能调校周期。基于AMESim模型研究该减振器的气体反弹力,活塞缝隙和常通节流孔等几个关键设计参数对减振器阻尼特性的影响,并得出几个重要结论。仿真模型可用于指导减振器的关键参数的设计与性能预测。     

双筒液压减振器速度特性仿真与灵敏度分析

为模拟汽车减振器的阻尼特性,根据流体力学理论和减振器的实际工作原理,分别建立了车用普通双筒液压减振器的复原行程和压缩行程数学模型,以某型号汽车减振器的结构性能参数为例进行了软件仿真,并通过减振器振动台架性能试验进行了验证。鉴于普通双筒液压减振器阻尼力模型的综合性和复杂性,采用ANSYS软件Design Exploration模块,利用响应面法得到减振器各参数的灵敏度,为普通双筒式液压减振器的设计提供了有效依据。     

磁流变减振器极限高低温特性及变温正逆模型

磁流变减振器阻尼力和电流的精确控制是实现半主动悬架的算法、达到整车系统控制目标的必要条件,但由于磁流变液的温度敏感性使得磁流变减振器阻尼力强烈依赖温度变化,带来模型失配和控制效果弱化的问题。基于此进行磁流变减振器在不同电流和速度下的高低温(-40℃～80℃)示功试验研究,揭示磁流变减振器在低温下丧失阻尼特性而表现出刚度特性,在高温下黏滞阻尼退化的特性规律。为了描述磁流变减振器随温度变化的复杂非线性特性,提出一种新的磁流变减振器变温参数化双曲滞回模型,该模型引入温度作为自变量,对磁流变减振器黏滞阻尼、刚度及滞回特性进行准确描述。为了面向实际减振器控制,在此双曲滞回模型的基础上,进一步线性化求逆得到磁流变减振器温度修正的逆模型。该逆模型输入预期阻尼力和减振器压缩速度作为自变量,可以直接给出满足减振器力值约束的控制电流。研究结果表明：相较于未进行温度补偿的逆模型,该逆模型能够平均提升12.79%的电流控制精度以及12.53%的控制力跟踪精度;进行温度修正的模型能够在仿真中还原更真实的磁流变减振器力学特性,逆模型能够给出更精确的控制电流,为充分发挥磁流变减振器的能力、实现车辆的半主动悬架精确控...     

基于CFD的液压阻尼器低速特性仿真分析

以液压阻尼器结构特点为基础,采用预留液体间隙层方法模拟阻尼器的内部泄漏,建立了具有较高精度的阻尼器流体网格模型,应用计算流体动力学(CFD)数值方法对其进行了仿真分析,获得了阻尼器低速特性以及内流场规律.测试结果验证了CFD仿真分析的准确性.     

A Method to Analyse the Dynamic Behavior of a Motorcycle Front Suspension Equipped with Sequential Dampers

This work analyses the dynamic behavior of a motorcycle front suspension equipped with passive sequential hydraulic dampers, in some operative situations. The dampers, with non-linear and asymmetric characteristics, may be regulated in six different ways. Using experimental elasticity and damping data as reference parameters, and a simplified two-degrees-of-freedom model, some dynamic simulations were carried out in order to define damping parameters for optimal comfort and safety.     

Damper Models for Heavy Vehicle Ride Dynamics

A laboratory rig for testing hydraulic dampers using the 'hardware-in-the-loop' method is described, and the accuracy of the test method is investigated. A mathematical model of a hydraulic shock absorber is then developed. The model is suitable for vehicle simulations and has seven parameters which can be determined by simple dynamic measurements on a test damper. The shock absorber model is validated under realistic operating conditions using the test rig, and the relative importance of various features of the model on the accuracy of vehicle simulations is investigated.     

Damper Models for Heavy Vehicle Ride Dynamics

SUMMARY

A laboratory rig for testing hydraulic dampers using the ‘hardware-in-the-loop’ method is described, and the accuracy of the test method is investigated. A mathematical model of a hydraulic shock absorber is then developed. The model is suitable for vehicle simulations and has seven parameters which can be determined by simple dynamic measurements on a test damper. The shock absorber model is validated under realistic operating conditions using the test rig, and the relative importance of various features of the model on the accuracy of vehicle simulations is investigated.     

Modelling and validation of electromechanical shock absorbers

Electromechanical vehicle suspension systems represent a promising substitute to conventional hydraulic solutions. However, the design of electromechanical devices that are able to supply high damping forces without exceeding geometric dimension and mass constraints is a difficult task. All these challenges meet in off-road vehicle suspension systems, where the power density of the dampers is a crucial parameter. In this context, the present paper outlines a particular shock absorber configuration where a suitable electric machine and a transmission mechanism are utilised to meet off-road vehicle requirements. A dynamic model is used to represent the device. Subsequently, experimental tests are performed on an actual prototype to verify the functionality of the damper and validate the proposed model.     

磁流变阻尼器动力学特性研究

从材料流变特性和动力学、机械学、电磁学的角度出发，建立了磁流阻尼器的动力学模型。应用该模型可由磁流变阻尼器设计参数得到其动力学特性，如力—速度曲线，并与试验结果相吻合，为磁流阻尼器设计和性能预测提供了参考。     

Properties of Non-Linear Two-Force Elements Used in Vehicle Dynamic Systems under Stationary Stochastic Excitation. Part 2 - Realistic Complex Elements

Realistic two-force elements used in vehicle dynamic systems have very often complex output force -inputs relations. Determination of their properties under stationary stochastic excitation must be therefore carried out experimentally for every excitational case. Evaluation of the measurements of one type of a passenger car telescopic hydraulic suspension damper and of one type of a heavy duty truck leaf spring is shown in this part of the paper. Transfers of the discussed elements, representing the frequency responses of the elements to the input deflectional process and defined in the first part of this paper, form the base for the evaluation.     

Properties of Non-Linear Two-Force Elements Used in Vehicle Dynamic Systems under Stationary Stochastic Excitation. Part 2 - Realistic Complex Elements

SUMMARY

Realistic two-force elements used in vehicle dynamic systems have very often complex output force -inputs relations. Determination of their properties under stationary stochastic excitation must be therefore carried out experimentally for every excitational case. Evaluation of the measurements of one type of a passenger car telescopic hydraulic suspension damper and of one type of a heavy duty truck leaf spring is shown in this part of the paper. Transfers of the discussed elements, representing the frequency responses of the elements to the input deflectional process and defined in the first part of this paper, form the base for the evaluation.     

一种整体自装卸车的设计

介绍了一种基于新一代底盘的顺装伸缩臂整体自装卸车的设计,通过作业工况的分析,确定系统最大受力和基本尺寸;着重介绍了自装卸机构、液压系统、电控系统和后视系统等主要组成部分的设计,采用Abaqus软件对自装卸机构的主要结构进行了有限元分析和强度校核,通过基本性能试验对样车进行了验证。