RELATIONS OF DERIVATIVE ALGEBRA AND RING OF DIFFERENTIAL OPERATORS IN CHARACTERISTIC p>0

Introduction　　 Let K be a field,K [X ]∶=K [x1,… ,xn]bethe polynomial ring in n variables.We know thatwhen K is a field with ch( K ) =0 ,then the Weylalgebra An( K) ,the ring of differential operatorsD( K[X]) ,and the derivative algebraΔ ( K [X])which is generated by{xi, i| i=1 ,… ,n}in End KK[X]are all isomorphic[1～ 3 ] .But if ch( K) =p>0 ,the three do not have that relation.In factΔ( K[X]) is only a quotientof An( K) [4] ;and Ref.[5 ]gives a comprehensive study to the rela…     

On the Existence of (v,3×3,λ)-Splitting Balanced Incomplete Block Design with λ between 2 to 9

Let (v, u × c, λ)-splitting BIBD denote a (v, u × c, λ)-splitting balanced incomplete block design of order v with block size u × c and index λ. The necessary conditions for the existence of a (v, u × c, λ)-splitting BIBD are v ≥ uc, λ(v-1) ≡ 0 0 mod (c(u-1)) and λv(v-1) ≡ 0 mod (c2u(u-1)). In this paper, for 2≤λ≤9 the necessary conditions for the existence of a (v,3×3,λ)-splitting BIBD are also sufficient with one possible exception for (v,λ)=(39,9).     

TRAFFIC-BASED SCHEDULING MECHANISM IN AN IP/ATM ROUTER

Introduction　　 In recentyears,ATM has been installed com-prehensively,especially in the backbone of cam-puses and cities. On account of the differencesamong ATM,IP and other networks[1,2 ] ,how toeffectively integrate them is a very important andcritical issue to ATM and other networks.An IP/ATM router which can interconnect1 55M ATM,1 0 0 M Ethernet,2 M ATM,PPP,2 B D ISDN and X.2 5is under developing in ourlab.In prior work,we have designed its softwarearchitecture[3] .We als…     

AN EFFECTIVE HUMAN LEG MODELING METHOD

IntroductionFFD is a widely used technique in the field ofsolid modeling and computer animation.Seder-berg and Parry introduced the conceptof FFD[1] ,and Barr provided the basic deformation methodfor FFD[2 ] .Although there are several versionsof FFD in the related literature[3～ 6 ] ,they havethe same basic idea:1 Constructa lattice space.The space can be of any shape,not restricted toparallel- piped cube[5 ] .2 Embed the object intothe lattice space.In other words,impose a localcoordi…     

Effects of PYY on the interdigestive migrating myoelectric complex in the small intestine in vivo and the neural and endocrinal mechanisms of the effects

Objective To investigate the effects of peptide YY (PYY) on the interdigestive migrating myoelectrlc complex (MMC) in the small intestine in vivo and explore the neural and endecrinal mechanisms of the effects. Methods Spragne-Dawley rats were supplied with a venous catheter and bipolar electrodes in the duodenum and jejunum for electromyography of stomach and small intestine in wake state. PYY, phentolamine, nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, the inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase) and atropine were served with PYY respectively. The plasma motilin levels before and after the infusion of PYY were observed. Results At all the three recording points, PYY lengthened the drde length of MMC [from (591.90±128.98)s to (999.25±216.59)s, P<0. 01] and lowered the frequency of phase Ⅲ [from (39.28±8.40) min-1 to (22.08±3.13) min-1 , P<0.01], amplitude of phase Ⅲ [from (0. 320±0.060)mV to (0. 179±0.030)mV, P<0.01], and the portion of phase Ⅲ over the whole circle length [from (28. 61 ± 5.84)% to (15.43 ±5.16)% , P<0.01]. Phentolumine had no influence on the role of PYY. Administered L-NNA combined with PYY, the percentage of phase Ⅲ increased [(42. 09±8.67)%] compared with that of control(P<0.01) and compared with that of PYY administered alone (P<0. 01) too. Atropine combined with PYY showed stronger depressing effects on MMC. No significant difference was found between the plasma motilin levels before and after the infusion of PYY. Conclusion PYY my inhibit the interdigestive intestine motility through the none-adrenergic none-choUnergic tract, while the m-receptor tract and circulating motilin are probably not involved In the depressing effect.     

OPTIMUM PARAMETERS AND DESIGN OF TUNED MASS DAMPER FOR BUILDING FRAMES UNDER GROUND ACCELERATION

IntroductionTuned mass damper(TMD) was proposed byOrmondroyd and Den Hartog[1] and was studied bymany researchers[2～ 7] .TMD is effective in reduc-ing the wind- induced response of structures.Fur-thermore,TMDs have been successfully installedin many actual building such as the2 4 4 m highJohn hancock tower and the 2 80 m high Citicorpcenter office building in the mitigation of the wind-induced excessive vibration.For seismic applica-tions,however,there has not been a generalagreementon …     

格区间值Fuzzy集的分解定理(Ⅰ)

对格区间值Fuzzy集作了进一步的研究,分别给出了[λ1,λ2]、(λ1,λ2]、[λ1,λ2)、(λ1,λ2)上的下截集、上截集、下重截集和上重截集的新的定义及一种新的闭区间与格区间值Fuzzy集的运算,并给出了与此相应的四条重要的分解定理.     

ON THE EXISTENCE OF THE h-RESTRICTED EDGE CONNECTIVITY OF A GRAPH

IntroductionLet G=(V,E) be a finite,simple and undi-rected graph with vertex set V and edge set E.We' ll follow the terminology and notation of Ref.[1 ]and terms not defined here can be found inRefs.[1 ,2 ].A set S of edges of G is called an edgedisconnecting set if G - S is disconnected. Theusual edge connectivityλ(G) of G is the minimumcardinality over the all edge disconnecting sets ofG.Note that,in the above definition,absolutelyno conditions or restrictions are imposed either onthe…     

格区间值Fuzzy集的分解定理(Ⅰ)

对格区间值Fuzzy集作了进一步的研究,分别给出了[λ1,λ2]、(λ1,λ2]、[λ1,λ2)、(λ1,λ2)上的下截集、上截集、下重截集和上重截集的新的定义及一种新的闭区间与格区间值Fuzzy集的运算,并给出了与此相应的四条重要的分解定理.     

Normalized Design of Multi-channel LIF Digital Receiver

IntroductionThe consistency of amplitude and phase be-tween the two orthogonal outputs will be improvedconsiderably by adopting the LIF digital receiverwith parallel processing design[1,2 ] .Meanwhile,LIF digital processing leads to a low amount of re-al- time data processing.As a result,a multi- chan-nel LIF digital receiver can be implemented usingtime division multiplex and a parallel processingarray( constructed by high speed DSP chips) ,suchas Sharc 2 1 0 6x and TMS32 0 C6x,and thu…     

Transient Stability Analysis Using Transmission Line Measurement

IntroductionMany utilities increasingly face the threat oftransientstability problem due to open access com-petitive electricity markets and emphasis on envi-ronmental consideration.Transientstability analy-sis is an important aspectin the planning and oper-ation of power system[1] .Up to the present,there have been two prima-ry approaches used in the literatures to performtransient stability analysis,one is time domainsimulation,the other is TEF ( Transient EnergyFunction) [2 ] .One of the…     

Kernel Generalized Noise Clustering Algorithm

IntroductionFuzzy clustering is one of the important methodsin pattern recognition. The most widely used fuzzyclustering is the fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithm[1]which is conceived by Dunn[2]and generalized byBezdek[3]. Based on an objective function, the F…     

Empirical Study on Arbitrage Opportunities in China Copper Futures Market

Introduction Arbitrage opportunities attract considerable atten-tion of scholars in economics and finance. Modiglianiand Miller first performed no-arbitrage equilibriumanalysis in 1958[1]. Following their work, Black andScholes[2]deduced the option pricing model. Ross[3]and Cox[4]put forward arbitrage theory and risk neu-tral pricing method. Harrison and Kreps[5], and Har-rison and Pliska[6]proved that the no-arbitrage equi-librium system can be constructed by equivalent mar-tingale measur…     

Splitting Balanced Incomplete Block Designs with Block Size 2×k

IntroductionIn the study of authentication codes,Ogata,etal[1] ,introduced the concept of splitting balancedincomplete block design which can be used toconstructk- splitting A- codes.A ( v,u× k,λ) - splitting balanced incompleteblock design is a pair( V,B) ,where V is a v- setofpoints and Bis a collection of subses of V ( calledblocks) with size uk such that the followingconditions are satisfied:( 1 ) Every B∈ B is expressed as a disjointunion of u subblocks of size k:B=B1∪ B2 ∪ ...…     

THE ELASTIC FIELD CASED BY TWO INCLUSIONS WITH UNI- FORM DILATATIONAL EIGENSTRAINS IN DISSIMILAR MEDIA

IntroductionGuell and Dundurs[1] used the Papkovitch-Neuber displacementpotential and had the solutionfor a spherical inclusion in dissilmilar media whichundergoes homogeneous dilative eigenstrain. Itwas found that the displacements and stresses inthe region exterior to the sphere are the same asthose resulting from a center of dilatation of a cer-tian strength located at the center of the sphere.Using the solution of Mindlin and Cheng[2 ] inwhich the Galerkin vector was adopted and nucleiof…     

Asymmetric PCR method in generation of HBV ssDNA for pyrosequencing

Objective To explore the optimal primer ratio and concentration of asymmetric polymerase chain reaction (A-PCR) in producing hepatitis B virus (HBV) single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) for pyrosequencing. Methods A-PCR was carried out to generate HBV ssDNA with forward to reverse primers of different ratios (50 : 1, 100 : 1) and concentrations (13. 0 pmol/25μL and 0.14 pmol/25μL, 19. 5 pmol/25μL and 0. 21 pmol/25μL), and the product yield and quality were compared respectively. Results The forward to reverse primer ratio of 50 : 1 provided better yield and concentration of 19. 5 pmol/25μL and 0. 21 pmol//25μL generated a clearer band. Conclusion A simple and feasible method to produce HBV ssDNA for pyrosequencing in batch is established.     

LONG-TERM EFFICACY AND IMMUNOLOGICAL MEMORY OF PLASMA-DERIVED HEPATITIS B VACCINE 11 YEARS AFTER INITIAL INOCULATION

The length of protection of hepatitis B vaccineand the effective time for vaccine booster doseshave not been defined.Most of studies suggestedthatthe vaccine was effective for8to1 0 years[1～ 5] .However,in most cases,the study design was notrigorous. Many were cross- sectional studies per-formed before and aftervaccination,orstudies thatcompared the vaccinees with the general popula-tion.A few of studies as by Hadler[1] et al .werebased on randomized,double- blind and placebo-controlled tria…     

Controllability, Observability and Stability for a Class of Fractional-Order Linear Time-Invariant Control Systems

IntroductionThe concepts of controllability and observabil-ity,introduced by Kalman[1] ,are of extreme im-portance in control theory and engineering. Thereal objects are generally fractional[2 ] ,however,the control systems used so far are all consideredas integer- order systems.Disregarding the real or-der of the systems was caused mainly by the com-plexity and the absence of adequate mathematicaltools.The fractional calculus theory was devel-oped by a lotof mathematicians and the applicatio…     

Morphology of Polyvinylidene Fluoride Based Gel Polymer Electrolytes

IntroductionDue to their potential application in lithium-ion secondary batteries[1] and other electrochemicaldevices[2 ] ,gel polymer electrolytes have attractedmuch interest in recent years.There were manykinds of polymeric materials being developed aspolymeric hosts for gelelectrolytes. Polyvinylidenefluoride( PVDF) is one of three kinds of matrixthat can be commercially applied[3 ,4] ,and the oth-ers are polyacrylonitrile ( PAN) and poly( methylmethacrylate) ( PMMA) .There were many r…     

CASE STORAGE BASED ON RELATIONAL DATABASE

IntroductionCase- Based Reasoning ( CBR) ,as a relativelynew methodology,has attracted wide concern ofAI researchers since1 980 's.The number of suc-cessful applications of CBR is growing rapidly,especially in the fields of architecture and indus-try,e.g. ARCHI- II[1] for the architecture designof courthouse and MIDAS[2 ] for the conceptualdesign of aircraft.The currently prevailing CBD systems mostlytreat cases as instances of some predeterminedand static case template.Such an appro…